Schedule the buses. How are numbers assigned to public transport routes? Routes of international and intercity buses

Search and create public transport routes that are optimal for you FROM your location and TO the desired street or house, as well as automobile, bicycle and hiking trails for walks.

Choose transport:

Public transport By car Bicycle On foot

Show route on the map

Route on the map of the city.

Asking how you can get there or how to get to a certain street or house in Moscow? We answer - it's very simple, find your best route around the city using the trip planner on our website. Our service will find for you up to 3 options for getting around the city of Moscow FROM your address and TO your destination. On the map with routes, click the details button (the start icon) and go to detailed description travel options. For all routes, travel time will be shown, taking into account traffic jams, numbers of buses, minibuses and other public transport.

Popular routes:

  • FROM: Moscow, Babushkinskaya metro station - TO: Moscow, Eniseyskaya street, 19;
  • FROM: Moscow, Mikhailova street, 26 - TO: Moscow, Eseninsky boulevard, 1/26k1;
  • FROM: Moscow, Begovaya street, 5 - TO: Moscow, Zhitnaya street, 10;
  • FROM: Moscow, Kasimovskaya street - TO: Moscow, Zagorevsky proezd;
  • FROM: Moscow, Prospekt Vernadskogo metro station - TO: Moscow, Zaryadye Hall;

Users of our site often ask, for example: "How to get from the bus station to the hospital?" and so on. We decided to make it easier to find optimal route for all those in need.

Driving along a pre-planned route is a way to eliminate the problems that may arise in unfamiliar terrain and get over the desired section of the road as quickly as possible. Do not miss the details, specify in advance on the map the direction of movement along the road and turns.

With the help of the trip planning service, you just need to enter the beginning and end of the route, then click the "Show route on the map" button and you will receive several route options. Choose the one that suits you best and start moving. There are four modes of drawing up a route - on a city public transport(including fixed-route taxis), by car, by bike or on foot.

Consider an important topic for our capital - public transport and all the nuances related to it.

What types of transport can be used in Moscow? The choice is great: land transport (buses, trolleybuses, trams, fixed-route taxis), underground metro and elevated monorail, railway trains, and even there is an option to travel by water, although it is used only for entertainment purposes.

It is also important to note that there is a division into urban and suburban transport, and since the first serves Moscow, and the second, respectively, the region, it should be remembered that the billing and payment method depend on this.

Now more!

Metro

Fast and affordable

The most common and indispensable option for moving around Moscow. By the way, the Moscow metro is also considered one of the most beautiful in the world! In addition, its length is very large (333.5 km in total) and it continues to increase. So it is quite possible to spend two hours underground, getting from different parts of the city. And this is the most fast option available!

It is unlikely that you will be able to pass by the metro entrance, except for the bright red large letter “M”, your attention will be attracted by a huge passenger flow.

It's hard to get confused here. The metro scheme is understandable and accessible largely due to the circle line, which connects all other branches.

When crossing and entering the city, you should only carefully read the signs, which are located literally everywhere, including the floor and ceiling.

The undoubted plus of the Moscow metro is free wi-fi. So, if you urgently need to connect to the Internet, feel free to go down the subway. If you need a long access - the ring line is at your disposal;)

Opening hours

The metro operates from 5:30 to 1:30. Each station has its own opening time. It varies in the region of half an hour. You should enter the metro and have time to transfer to the desired branch before one in the morning, since at this time all the doors to the entrance are closed, and the last train from each end station.

Fare

In order to go down to the subway, the easiest way is to buy a "Single" ticket. It is called so because it allows you to travel not only in the subway, but also on buses, trolleybuses and trams, which, no doubt, is very convenient!

A ticket for one trip, which can be purchased both at the box office and in vending machines, will cost you 50 rubles, for two - twice as much. You can spend them within 5 days, then the card will become invalid. And then another pleasant system is turned on: the more trips you buy, the cheaper the fare! True, the next figure is only 20 trips. But if you often use transport and stay in the capital for at least a week, you should think about such a purchase. You can ride on it for 90 days, and it costs 650 rubles. Thus, one trip comes out to 32.5 rubles! Clear savings.

But what if you definitely don’t spend 20 trips, but want to save money? Get the Troika! You buy a card at the cash desk, leaving a deposit value of 50 rubles, you can replenish it at any machine. And, voila, your fare on the metro and on the monorail costs 32 rubles, and on everything land transport(except commercial) - 31! When you leave, return the card to the cashier and get your 50 rubles deposit. But if you take Troika with you with a positive balance, then within 5 years you will still be able to travel the entire balance during your next visits to the capital!

In addition, there is a system of unlimited trips all on the same "Single". For a day, the ticket price is 210 rubles, for 3 days - 400, in general, you can take at least a whole year for 18200. Again, the question of profit.

There is another tricky system. It's called 90 minutes. Allows you to make during this time one trip by metro and an unlimited number of transfers by land transport. One trip costs 60 rubles, two - 120.

In general, you can carefully study all these tariffs at each cash desk!

  • Since there are usually several exits from the metro, ask in advance which car from the center you need - the first or the last. Sitting in the right car, you will be closer to your exit;
  • Remember the carriages from which it is closer to you to leave the city or it is more convenient to make a transfer if you use one route. This will save you a lot of time;
  • I also strongly advise you to avoid "rush hour"! Perhaps there is someone who likes to feel the full power of our people, who smoothly brings you in and out of the car, even when you don’t need it, but I think there are only a few of them. So it is better to postpone the trip to an earlier or later time, if you suddenly realize that you are falling into a period of "bacchanalia". Namely: weekday morning hours - from about 7 to 10, and evening hours - from 6 to 8. This advice applies to all transport in general. Well, if you still need blood from your nose at this time, then use either the metro or electric trains - there is the least chance of getting stuck in a traffic jam;
  • A male voice announces stations towards the center, a female voice announces from the center. On the ring line, a male voice sounds when moving clockwise, and a female voice sounds against. This knowledge will help you navigate if you suddenly find yourself on a train without looking exactly where it is moving;
  • And, of course, take care of your belongings! Pickpocketing is such a common phenomenon that, it would seem, it is not worth repeating it, but they happen with enviable regularity. Of course, you don’t need to see a potential thief in everyone, but it doesn’t hurt to be a little more vigilant.

Ground transport

Buses, trolleybuses and trams

I combine these three modes of transport not in vain, because, despite the presence or absence of “horns”, in this case they have the same essence and payment too :)

When boarding, a ticket for one trip can be taken directly from the driver for 50 rubles. Or use the "Single", bought at the subway ticket office. You can also buy a ticket at the bus stop from a kiosk (if available), which is very prudent of you, since entry is only through the front door and everyone who has to take tickets from the driver significantly delays the ever-hurrying line.

Every stop is announced in the cabin, so you won't miss it. I especially like how it happens on Berezhkovskaya embankment (it's not far from Kievsky railway station) - the intonation with which announcements are pronounced evokes a lot of positive emotions! By the way, if you have time, I advise you to visit those parts. Nice place. You can be there if you want to visit the Novodevichy Convent or if you decide to take an excursion to Mosfilm!

Night routes

There are 11 night routes of ground public transport in Moscow.

Night ring trolleybuses No. "Bk" and "Bch" (passes through the districts: Basmanny, Tagansky, Zamoskvorechye, Yakimanka, Khamovniki, Arbat, Presnensky, Tverskoy, Meshchansky, Krasnoselsky) run every 15 minutes, the rest of the night routes operate at 30-minute intervals.
For the convenience of passengers in the city center, radial buses and trolleybus No. 63 arrive at a stop on Lubyanskaya Square, where you can make a transfer.
The fare does not differ from the fares in the daytime. The opening hours are approximately the same for everyone - from 23:30 to 5:30, or around the clock.

Buses near Moscow

And here is the system! Fares are completely different and they depend on how far you go. You can check the cost with the conductor, who will serve you in the bus and tell you the right stop! City payment cards ("Troika", "United") do not work on these routes! In addition, there is a travel card"Arrow". It costs 200 rubles, of which the security deposit is 80, and 120 go to your card. The easiest way to top it up is through bank card directly in the Strelka app on a smartphone (sometimes there is no such service in kiosks at bus stops). If necessary, you can also return it and get the security value back, however, you will have to provide a check or a printout from the site confirming the fact that you replenished the balance no earlier than this month. In general, there are more troubles with the suburban Strelka than with the Moscow Troika, but it will save your finances significantly.

Shuttle taxi

When I first arrived in Moscow, I was very surprised why the drivers of minibuses so vehemently invite passengers to their place. After all, if I don’t go along the way, then I definitely won’t go with him. And then I realized - they have high competition. As with other similar routes, and with city buses.

A clear plus, perhaps, is that this is the fastest land commercial mode of transport. And in terms of money within the city, the fare will cost 25-35 rubles, that is, no more than a one-time purchase of a bus ticket. You will be taken out of the city at different rates. Usually it is in the region of 40-70 rubles.

Both old low gazelles and modern wide Fords drive along the routes. And behind the wheel are invariably those who belong to Formula 1, so don't expect a quiet road. But I repeat - but quickly :)

Opening hours

Again, it all depends on the specific route, but from 6:00 to 00:00 any day you can leave one hundred percent to the most diverse points of the city.

All routes in your pocket

As for the routes themselves, I strongly advise you to install the application on your smartphone Yandex-Transport, if you haven't already. The program allows you to monitor traffic online and operates not only in Moscow.

To be honest, the first 10 minutes since I installed this program, I watched with wild delight how circles with numbers move across the screen and right there this trolleybus / bus / tram / minibus rushes past me!

Very convenient when there is no exact timetable at the bus stop! By the way, in general, at many stops there is a board where the bus / trolleybus number and the number of minutes before it arrives at the stop are written.

This application also builds various route options that can be saved for the future.

In general, an extremely indispensable assistant for any passenger!

Overhead transport, or monorail

Moscow monorail transport system- this is a flyover above the ground, along which a rare train slowly slides. It consists of only one branch and is subordinate to the metro, so the same Troika, United, and all cards operate here as on a regular metro.

This wonderful "subway in reverse" is located in the Telecentre area, so if you are planning an excursion to Ostankino tower, a walk around the All-Russian Exhibition Center or just be somewhere near the Timiryazevskaya station, I advise you to take a ride on this unique transport! There will be a lot of impressions, that's for sure! Especially in the evening, it's great to drive past the sparkling Cosmos Hotel and admire the main tower of our country stretching into the sky! Moreover, the whole journey will take you from the end to the end of a maximum of 20 minutes.

Monorail stations open for passengers to enter from 6:50 to 23:00.

Trains

That's really great rail transport! Saved me many times in different situations. For example, electric trains run almost around the clock (sometimes you can get on it at three in the morning, but, basically, they run from about 5 am to 1 am). Another joyful difference of this type of transport is a 50% discount for students on travel.

It is worth using the train not only when you need to cover a long distance outside the city, but also make a journey within the city, especially if there are stations nearby at point A and point B of your trip.

Step-by-step instruction

Be that as it may, there are many nuances that are worth knowing. Let's consider the whole path in order.

Ticket

You can buy a ticket at the box office or buy it yourself from a machine. There are no ticket offices on rare platforms in the area due to low passenger traffic, in this case you buy a ticket from the controller on the train, naming the station from which you are traveling.

It is important to note that if you know the time of the desired train, it is better to come to the station in advance, because there may be queues at the ticket office. Especially if you are a student - cashiers are very fond of looking at a student card for a long time.

In the received ticket, the most important Bottom part with a barcode! In no case should it be wetted or crushed, otherwise you will not be able to pass through the turnstiles installed at the entrance to the platform and exit from it. So we bought a ticket, passed the turnstile and carefully hid it in the safest pocket. If necessary, you will have to present it to the controller. The main thing is not to throw away the ticket before you pass through the turnstile at the exit of the station you need! Otherwise, you will have to pay an amount of two, or even three times more, just to buy a ticket to the exit.

The ticket itself gives you the right to travel from station to station during the day. It is not tied to time. Therefore, you can take a ticket immediately on the way back.

Platform

If this is a station, then there will be many ways. But in front of each there is a board where the departure time and the final stop of the train are written, as well as a list of stations that the train will pass without stopping. The latter is worth paying attention to. Special attention. In addition, all trains are constantly announced. So information is everywhere, the main thing is to perceive it.

If this is an ordinary station, then there are at least two ways, and each also has a board with the indicated direction. But I usually check at the box office which platform I should go to.

Train

And now you are already in a cozy orange or blue (as you are lucky) cabin. Before departure, the final stop and the stations where the train will not stop will be announced, so if there is an error, there is still a chance to run out of the train :)

Stations are announced, however, sometimes very quietly or unintelligibly, so keep your eyes open.

Controllers keep order. All they need is to see your ticket. On some routes they are rare guests, and in some places you will have to show the ticket three times.

Hares

Now in Moscow they are actively fighting "hares" and there are ticket offices and turnstiles at almost every station, but if you still somehow magically ended up on the train without a ticket, here are some tips for playing "Run away from the controller" ;)

  • sit NOT in the outer cars in order to be able to move a few cars forward from the impending danger;
  • the surest sign that this danger is too close is a long line of young people, outcasts and other representatives of the “hare clan”, moving from a neighboring car in the direction from law-loving controllers. You should join their formation and go so many cars ahead that the chase does not have time to catch up with you to your station;
  • if the controllers “drive” into the last car, then many do a dangerous trick: during a stop at the station, they run from this car to the previous one, which has already been checked by the controllers. I do NOT recommend doing this, because it is really dangerous. True, the driver in this survival game is always on the side of the hares - it’s better for a negligent stowaway to pass the fine than to fall under the train, so he won’t close the door in front of his nose;
  • extreme case. Having missed all the opportunities to escape from them, the controller asks you to present your ticket. Sometimes a number will pass with a brazenly demonstrated old ticket. Personally, I did this twice and both times it rolled :) Otherwise, you just have to pay the full fare. On refusal, for some reason, the inspectors take the hares to the last car, they apparently land them there (I don’t know why exactly through the last car). One way or another, in the case of ticketless travel, a fine is threatened, which is calculated depending on the kilometers and the type / class of the car. Therefore, it is better not to run into controllers, and even better to buy a ticket in advance.

I will devote a couple of lines to another plus of electric trains: the presence of a toilet in the first carriage, which can sometimes be very useful! Also, with a ticket bought at the station, you can go to the public toilet in the station building for free.

How to get to the airport

If trains arrive at stations located on the metro circle line, then all three Moscow airports are located outside the city.

Aeroexpress

The most common and reliable option. It gets from the center to the airport itself in just half an hour (or a little more - it depends on the airport, but the time is fixed), and since this is a view railway transport, no traffic jams threaten you. Very comfortable, fast, accurate on time, but quite expensive - 470 rubles (420 when buying on the website or through a mobile application), and a children's ticket will cost 130 rubles. When traveling with children, you must have a copy of the child's birth certificate confirming his age.

They go every half hour from 5:30 am to 1:00 am. But there are breaks of an hour, so it’s better to check in advance so as not to get into a very unpleasant situation and urgently look for other ways, as was the case with me.

You can get to Vnukovo Airport from the Kievsky railway station, to Sheremetyevo from Belorussky, and to Domodedovo from Paveletsky. Each of these stations has specialized ticket offices, waiting rooms and platforms. Signs will tell you how to get to this zone (even in the subway).

electric train

And now a little life hack - few people know that you can get to Domodedovo Airport from the same Paveletsky railway station on a regular train! Moreover, you lose almost nothing in comfort, only in time - the train overcomes the same distance in an hour and a little. But the ticket price is only 123 rubles! And if you are a student, then generally 61.5! These trains run as early as half past five in the morning, and the last one leaves around 11 pm. So what is it the best option in case you need to get to Domodedovo. It’s a pity, however, that you won’t be able to get to Vnukovo and Sheremetyevo in the same way.

Shuttle taxis and buses

They have one obvious disadvantage - the likelihood of getting stuck in a traffic jam. However, you can safely use this transport during the daytime on weekdays and weekends.

Buses have a schedule, but there are also many scheduled stops, which can make travel time longer. But in some places the usual city payment system operates (I somehow went to Sheremetyevo on the "United").

But minibuses will take you much faster than a bus, so if you don’t have a car with a small cart in stock, it’s better to take a minibus! For this you will be charged from 70 to 150 rubles.

Working time is about the same from 4:30 am to 00:30 am. Without traffic jams, a minibus can be reached in half an hour.

  • Heading to Sheremetyevo, you should take a minibus at the Rechnoy Vokzal metro station: No. 949, the first car from the center, or on Planernaya: No. 948, the first car from the center. There is only one way out. Opposite the exit are bus and taxi stops.
  • You will be taken to Domodedovo from Domodedovo station: No. 308. The last car from the center. In the underpass to the right to the end of the tunnel. If you go up the stairs and look around, you can immediately see bus stop.
  • In Vnukovo, minibuses start mainly from the South-West: No. 45, the first car from the center, in the underpass to the right, from the transition up - along the left stairs. Stop near the subway exit. You can also get there from the newly-made stations: there is one exit to the city on Salaryevo. Stops of city buses No. 611 are located 15 meters from the metro exit. Directions to the metro station Troparevo - exit from the last car, into the underpass to the right, then to the right up the stairs and straight along the street. Stops of city buses No. 611k are located 10 meters from the metro exit. From Rumyantsevo - exit from the last car. Stops of city buses No. 611 are located 15 meters from the exit.

In addition, signs in the form of stickers at the station will help you get out of the subway to the stop.

Again, you will not pass by minibuses - the most expressive name of the airport will flaunt on the windshield, and nearby you will see an actively inviting driver. You just have to get comfortable in the cabin and wait for the departure, which takes place upon filling.

For those who still go not by fixed-route taxi, but by bus, their stops are located there.

Taxi

It is very expensive and ineffective, because no one is safe from traffic jams.

If you decide to use the services of a taxi driver, then prepare two thousand of our domestic rubles. Even if you are geographically close to the airport and you can drive a car for a maximum of 15 minutes, you will still give at least 800 rubles - I tried.

Water transport

As I said at the very beginning, it is used only for entertainment purposes, but it is always a pleasure to walk along the Moscow River on a boat, so let's consider this type of transport.

Boats run from April to October and have fixed routes.

In the center of Moscow:

  • Kyiv railway station - Ustyinsky bridge - Kyiv railway station;
  • Sparrow Hills - Goncharnaya Embankment - Sparrow Hills;
  • Park of Culture - Krasnokholmsky Bridge - Park of Culture;
  • Tretyakovskiy Pier - Kremlin - Tretyakovskiy Pier.

Local routes:

  • Route Kolomenskoye - Brateevo - Maryino. It is actively used to deliver residents of the same-name districts to the recreation area and the historical complex Kolomenskoye. Only circular trips are carried out from the Kolomenskoye pier with a duration of 1 hour.
  • Routes Trinity-Lykovo - Strogino and around Serebryany Bor.
  • The route to the recreation area "Bay of Joy" on the Klyazma reservoir on the motor ships "Rocket" from the Northern River Station.
  • The route along the Khimki reservoir without disembarkation.
  • And you can go on a circular route along the Moscow River from the pier near the hotel "Ukraine".

Eat unusual species walks with lunch or dinner, excursion programs, as well as the opportunity to celebrate certain holidays on board the ship!

Price

  • Ticket for a trip to any pier in one direction: price for an adult - 550 rubles, for a child from 6 to 13 years old - 400 rubles, children under 6 years old - free of charge.
  • A whole day ticket with the opportunity to take a walk throughout the day with an unlimited number of landings and landings: the price for an adult is 900 rubles, for a child from 6 to 14 years old - 500 rubles, children under 6 years old - free of charge.
  • Ticket for a two-hour circular route Kyiv railway station - Kyiv railway station: price for an adult - 650 rubles, for a child from 6 to 14 years old - 450 rubles, children under 6 years old - free of charge.

Tickets can be bought at the box office at the marinas on the day of departure. Motor ships for a walk with stops lasting 1.5 hours depart every 25 minutes from the Kyiv railway station - from 12-00 to 20-00, from Novospassky bridge - from 11-30 to 19-50. Schedule may change due to weather conditions or for technical reasons.

By the way, on Vorobyovy Gory in summer beautiful girls quite unexpectedly, a good discount on a ticket can be expected from gentlemen from the staff from the ship, just to pick up passengers and, of course, give you pleasure!

Well, perhaps, with this baggage of knowledge, it will not be difficult for you to comfortably move around Moscow and plan your time and routes correctly! ;)

Search and create public transport routes that are optimal for you FROM your location and TO the desired street or house, as well as car, bicycle and walking routes for walking.

Choose transport:

Public transport By car Bicycle On foot

Show route on the map

Route on the map of the city.

Asking how you can get there or how to get to a certain street or house in Moscow? We answer - it's very simple, find your best route around the city using the trip planner on our website. Our service will find for you up to 3 options for getting around the city of Moscow FROM your address and TO your destination. On the map with routes, click the details button (the start icon) and proceed to a detailed description of the travel options. For all routes, travel time will be shown, taking into account traffic jams, numbers of buses, minibuses and other public transport.

Popular routes:

  • FROM: Moscow, Golubinskaya street, 9 - TO: Moscow, Bolotnikovskaya street, 31k1;
  • FROM: Moscow, Sumskaya street, 6k1 - TO: Moscow, Bolotnikovskaya street, 5k2;
  • FROM: Moscow, Bolshaya Akademicheskaya street, 75k1 - TO: Moscow, Bolshaya Akademicheskaya street, 5;
  • FROM: Moscow, Roman metro station - TO: Moscow, Bolshaya Andronevskaya street, 6;
  • FROM: Moscow, Novoslobodskaya street, 50/1s1 - TO: Moscow, Bolshaya Bronnaya 3;

Users of our site often ask, for example: "How to get from the bus station to the hospital?" and so on. We decided to facilitate the search for the best route for everyone in need.

Driving along a pre-planned route is a way to eliminate the problems that may arise in unfamiliar terrain and get over the desired section of the road as quickly as possible. Do not miss the details, specify in advance on the map the direction of movement along the road and turns.

With the help of the trip planning service, you just need to enter the beginning and end of the route, then click the "Show route on the map" button and you will receive several route options. Choose the one that suits you best and start moving. There are four modes of route preparation - by city public transport (including fixed-route taxis), by car, by bicycle or on foot.

For several years, a picture-meme has been circulating on the Internet - emotional obscene impressions of a provincial from Moscow. Among them there is also the phrase: “Bus 483, don’t give a damn!” The logic of urban transport numbering is, indeed, not always obvious. The Village found out by what principle numbers are assigned to buses, trolleybuses and trams.

Press Service of State Unitary Enterprise "Mosgortrans"

All routes of urban passenger transport of the capital have one-digit, two-digit and three-digit numbers. This numbering has developed historically and does not change. On new directions, transport is assigned new numbers or numbers of previously canceled routes. All numbering is individual, but there are also coincidences: the routes of different modes of transport can be marked in the same way. So, tram number 3, trolleybus number 3 and bus number 3 travel around the city, but they all follow different routes.

There is no need to assign four-digit numbers to new routes yet. There are, however, bus routes No. 1001, 1002 and 1004, which previously belonged to commercial carriers. In 2013, they were transferred under the management of Mosgortrans, for the convenience of passengers, the numbers were not changed.

Sometimes the numbering takes into account the specifics of a particular route. For example, in Moscow there are several "social" areas of movement, they cover educational institutions, medicine, social protection. The numbers of such routes begin with the letter C: C1, C2, and so on. There are also night routes of ground urban transport, these are buses No. H1, H2, H3. Letters are also used for shortened flights: they duplicate the busiest sections of the route. To make it easier for passengers to navigate, when entering such a route, the letter “k” (short) is added to the main number. There are, for example, bus route No. 709, following from the Orekhovo metro station to the Kashirskaya metro station, and there is No. 709k, which goes from the Orekhovo metro station to the Moskvorechye platform.

Konstantin Trofimenko

Director, Center for Research on Transport Problems in Megacities, Higher School of Economics

There is no special numbering system for transport in Moscow - it is a wild mixture between hundred-year-old route numbers, Stalinist, Brezhnev and numbers from the 1990s. They all piled on top of each other.

There are also routes that use letters in their designation. This may be due to the fact that once the transport route was divided into two parts. It also happens that the route forks: the transport follows the route, and then its version, to the numbering of which the letter A is added, turns right. The variant without such a letter continues to follow straight ahead. All this, of course, causes confusion. City navigation is absolutely not user-friendly. If a person does not specialize in this topic, he is unlikely to know about any routes other than those that he needs.

In Soviet times, work was regularly carried out to optimize the urban transport system. In the 90s, they stopped doing this, and now attempts are being resumed. Last year, not only the problem of transport numbering was raised, but also the question of the need for certain routes. It happens that they lose their relevance: for example, there was a bus that took people to the factory. The enterprise was closed, and people stopped going there, but the route continues to function. Does the city need it? But, unfortunately, so far these works have not led to a positive result.

Illustration: Nastya Grigorieva