Bryanchaninov's estate. Vologda Region
The construction of the Vologda Kremlin began in the 16th century on the orders of Ivan the Terrible. The planned territory was 2 times larger than the territory of the Moscow Kremlin. The laying of the stone fortress took place on April 28, 1565, the day of the holy apostles Jason and Sosipater. This event subsequently gave another name to Vologda - Nason-city. The tsar wanted to make a personal residence out of Vologda, but the liquidation of the oprichnina probably changed his plans, and the Kremlin was not built. The complex of buildings, which is now called the Vologda Kremlin, was created over several centuries, its buildings of different times differ greatly from each other in their style. It was the Residence of the Vologda Bishops. Until the middle of the 17th century, all the buildings of the sovereign's residence were wooden. Already in the first half of the 17th century, the residence of the Vologda bishops had all the premises necessary for the administrative diocesan center. These numerous wooden buildings were rebuilt several times and are not currently preserved. They can be judged only by various documentary materials, in particular, by the Vologda scribe book of 1627. The Vologda Kremlin used to be the Residence of the Vologda Bishops. The complex of monuments of the Vologda Kremlin includes: Economic Building The building of the State Order, or the Economic Building - the first stone building in the Bishop's House, dating back to the end of the 1650s. In the lower, basement floor of the building, there used to be glaciers and cellars, in the upper, main floor there were two large rooms separated by a vestibule, occupied by the state clerk's and treasury cells. The archbishop's treasury, valuables and important documents were stored in the mezzanine of the building. The chambers were intended not only for official purposes, they also arranged ceremonial receptions. The large thickness of the walls of the lower floor of the building of the State Department (up to 1.75 m) suggests an earlier appearance of this part of the monument (perhaps at the beginning of the 17th century). In general, the architecture of the Treasury Order is distinguished by simplicity and rigor; it does not yet have that magnificent pattern that flourishes in these years in Moscow and will appear in the North only later. Vozdvizhenskaya (Gateway) Church (1687 - 1692) The Vozdvizhenskaya (Gateway) Church was built at the end of the 17th century instead of a hipped roof over the main Holy Gate leading to St. Sophia Cathedral. This building, rather modest in its architecture, has a traditional composition of volumes. A relatively small quadrangle crowned with one dome rises above a rectangular altar and a narrow refectory shifted to the north. The rectangular shape of the altar was typical of the gate temples of the 17th century. The Gateway Church of the Exaltation has survived to the present, but its former appearance was somewhat distorted by the dome cover and the elaborate dome, which belong to XVIII century. Consistory building (XVIII century) Here, between 1740 and 1753, under Bishop Pimen, a stone one-story building was built, located between the bishops' chambers and the northern wall of the fortress fence. In the 1770s, under the Vologda Bishop Joseph Zolotoy, a second floor was built over the building, and it was given to the Theological Seminary, which was transferred here, and later, in the 19th century, a greatly expanded Consistory was located here. Since then, the building itself and the small courtyard formed due to its appearance have been called Consistorial. IN summer period theatrical and music festivals: "Voices of History" and "Summer in the Kremlin". Simonovsky building Simonovsky building with the Church of the Nativity of Christ. The second in time stone building of the Bishop's Court. They were erected in the second half of the 17th century under the reign of Archbishop Simon of Vologda. The high quadrangle of the house church of the Nativity of Christ with a quadrangular altar ...
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The Bryanchaninovs' estate is a noble estate built in the early 19th century in the village of Pokrovskoye. This estate was the family home of the future canonized Saint Ignatius. Therefore, every year more tourists and pilgrims come here to get acquainted with the architecture of the nineteenth century and the house in which the saint spent his childhood.
The noble house is not very large: it can have no more than 40 visitors at the same time. Therefore, it is better to call or write to the staff in advance to sign up for a tour. In addition, the estate Church of the Intercession, built in 1811, is noteworthy. Nearby is the family cemetery of the Bryanchaninovs, where the first owner of the estate, Alexander Semyonovich Bryanchaninov, is buried, in his youth he was the page of Emperor Paul I.
The main house was built in the style of early classicism, seemingly fragile from the outside, it impresses with its exquisite stucco outside and inside the building. Adjacent to the house is a regular park created in the French style. It is famous for its linden alleys, designed in the form of a cross.
The Bryanchaninov estate is called one of the best in Russia.
The estate complex operates in the following hours: November-April from 10:00 to 18:00; May-October from 10:00 to 19:00. Day off - Monday.
The price of a tour of the estate is 250 RUB.
How to get there
The village is located near Vologda, only 28 km. You can get to it by your own transport along the New Moscow Road. At the Vinnikovo-1 sign, you need to turn right and drive another 7 kilometers along the road to the estate.
A very elegant, charming in all details pastel-pink facade welcomes guests to the restored building of the noble estate of the Bryanchaninovs in the village of Pokrovskoye, Vologda Region. Elements of the Classicism era, very typical for the construction of family estates of nobles in the early 19th century, make the perfectly preserved building a unique cultural and historical object of all-Russian significance.
It was this estate that became the birthplace of Bishop Ignatius, in the world (before ordination) - Dmitry Alexandrovich Brianchaninov, canonized and glorified among the Saints by the Cathedral of the Orthodox Church. The family estate Pokrovskoye was granted to the ancestors of the family in the 17th century for numerous merits in military service. In 1803, the marshal of the nobility A.S. Brianchaninov, first of all, next to the family cemetery, he decided to build a beautiful estate in the style of early classicism that was fashionable at that time.
The works were designed at the request of the landowner by a local talented architect Alexander Sapozhnikov, construction began in 1809 and lasted two years, later an architect from Moscow A.S. was invited. Kutepov, who carried out the restructuring of the main building. A year later, a magnificent Intercession Church was erected at the family cemetery. After the revolution, the last owners of the estate left Russia in 1918. In 1924, a sanatorium for workers "October shoots" was organized in the Bryanchaninovs' house; it worked on the territory of a unique estate for more than seventy years.
During the period of use of the manor complex for recreation and treatment of citizens, the premises were repeatedly rebuilt, after the closure, a warehouse was equipped in the Church of the Intercession. We must pay tribute to the leadership of the proletarian sanatorium did a lot to preserve the estate unchanged, only in 1960 the estate was taken under protection by the state. For more than ten years, the restoration of the estate continued according to the surviving drawings of the architect A. Sapozhnikov, photographs, sketches in the family archive, and park plans.
Today, in the most beautiful manor in Vologda, there is an educational, cultural and spiritual center with the name "Bryanchaninov's Manor". In the beautiful interiors of the famous estate there are unique materials of the museum exposition about Pokrovsky, about important moments in the life and spiritual exploits of St. Ignatius, famous descendants of an old family. The pearl of the estate is the main building, pleasing to the eye with elements of outdoor decor. The attic on four Corinthian columns and a decorative balcony look great, one-story galleries lead to two outbuildings.
The second floor once housed children's rooms and the owners' quarters in the attic. On the ground floor there is a cozy living room, a wide hall, an office, guest rooms and a spacious dining room. In the outbuildings there were rooms for servants and utility rooms. Facade stucco depicting banners, helmets, horse heads, and lances is well preserved. Of the elements of the interior decoration of the building, a wooden curly twisted staircase has been preserved. Next to the house, the brick Church of the Intercession, decorated in the general architectural style of the estate, and the family necropolis of the Brianchaninovs have been preserved.
Around the estate there is a classic, in the traditions of landscape art of its time, a park descending the slope in three terraces, closer to the house, linden alleys are planted on the upper terrace, various deciduous trees and shrubs are planted on the second, the lower one is represented by meadow vegetation. Along the main alley of the park from the house you can get to a large oval pond. The true park of the estate is partially reproduced by the modern ensemble.
Address: Vologda Region, the village of Pokrovskoe
The estate is located in the northern part of the Gryazovets district, a few kilometers from the city of Vologda. It was built at the beginning of the 19th century by a representative of a noble and eminent noble family, Alexander Semyonovich Brianchaninov. The ancient stone house testifies to the best time of classical manor building. The house impresses with its beauty - slender proportions, rich plastic facades, an abundance of elegant decor. The Church of the Intercession (beginning of the 19th century) is located near the estate, and next to the church is the family cemetery of the Bryanchaninovs.
The manor park in Pokrovsky is one of the few examples of landscape art of the 18th–19th centuries that have survived to this day. The layout of the park is given by eight linden alleys, the geometric lines of which, intersecting, form a star. The park descends in three terraces to the south along the slope of the hill narrowing downwards. The main alley, the so-called "prospekt", starts from the parterre flower bed at the southern facade of the building and, turning into a path, stretches through the entire park to the pond, rich in fish in the past. The border of the first and second terraces of the park is formed by a line of fruit trees. In the center of the middle terrace, earthen ramparts of the labyrinth have been preserved, not far from which there was once a stone grotto made of cobblestone. This part of the park is dominated by deciduous trees. The lower terrace is a wide meadow. In early July, garden bells bloom in Pokrovsky. For several days, the entire space of the upper terrace of the park is filled with blue flowers.
Vologda residents and guests of the region have a unique opportunity to get in touch with the atmosphere that once laid the direction of life and the main personality traits of a prominent figure in the Russian Orthodox Church.
Historical reference:
The history of the village of Pokrovskoye is closely connected with the Bryanchaninov family, which dates back to the boyar who died in the battle on the Kulikovo field. In 1803, Pokrovskoye with 400 souls of peasants was inherited by Alexander Semenovich Brianchaninov, the future father of St. Ignatius. Then the zealous owner conceived the construction new estate not far from the rural churchyard, where the remains of the representatives of the family were buried. Mikhail Brenko - the squire of the Grand Duke of Moscow Dmitry Donskoy.
According to the memoirs of Alexandra Kupreyanova, the niece of St. Ignatius, it is known that during the heyday of the economy (40-50s of the XIX century) in Pokrovsky there were numerous workshops - “weaving, gilding, carving - necessary for complete comfort and satisfaction of the refined taste of the owners”, small factories and huge household services, a kennel where more than 200 dogs were kept, and a menagerie - in case of a festive hunt. The possessions of the Bryanchaninovs then extended to 1800 acres (1965 hectares). The last owners of the estate, Vladimir and Sofia Brianchaninov, warned by the peasants about the threat of arrest, emigrated to Czechoslovakia in 1918, leaving almost all their property behind. Then they move to France, and their children in 1945 - to Australia.