Volcanic lakes of Europe. Crater Lake National Park in Oregon USA
In the Crater Lake National Park (Oregon, USA), 128 km from the city of Ashland, one of the amazing sights of our world is located - Crater Lake "Crater" (The Crater Lake) formed in the crater extinct volcano Mazama (Mount Mazama), last eruption which was about 7700 years ago.
Lake Crater attracts tourists from all over the world with its clear, pure water with a bright blue tint, but sometimes the color becomes ominously gloomy. It is located quite high, the edge of the caldera is located at an altitude of 2130 - 2440 meters, and its maximum depth is as much as 594 m! What makes it the second deepest in North America(the deepest is the Great Slave Lake) and the eighth deepest in the whole world (Baikal is the deepest). The width of the lake is - 8 by 9.6 km.
Volcano Mazama, part of the Cascade Mountains volcanic arc, is composed primarily of andesite, dacite, and rhyodacite. The caldera was formed as a result of a powerful volcanic eruption, which led to the sinking of Mazama around 5700 BC. e.: at the same time, about 50 km³ of rhyodacite was erupted. Later lava eruptions created a platform at the center of the caldera, Wizard Island, Merriam Cone, and other smaller volcanic features, including a rhyodacite dome at the center of the platform.
Precipitation and landslide deposits covered the floor of the caldera. Over time, the caldera cooled, precipitation began to accumulate and, eventually, formed lake "Crater" (Crater Lake) which we can now enjoy. Later, landslides at the rims of the caldera produced alluvial fans and turbidite deposits at the bottom of the lake. Fumaroles and hot springs were quite active during that period. After some time, the edges of the lake's caldera relatively stabilized, streams formed a drainage system for the lake, and the slopes were covered with dense forests. Some hydrothermal activity remains at the bottom of the lake, suggesting the possibility of a new eruption at Mazama.
The name of the lake has changed three times. John Wesley Hillman, the first European American to travel through the state of Oregon on June 12, 1853, saw the lake, was struck by the lake's unusual color, beauty and location, and named it "Deep Blue Lake" (Deep Blue). Later, its name was changed to "Blue Lake" (Blue Lake), "Majestic Lake" (Lake Majesty), and the last name that is still attached to it - "Lake Crater" (Crater Lake) or translated from English - "Crater Lake".
The lake and landscapes in this area are simply amazing with their beauty, which attracts tourists to visit it. Here you can see such an attraction of the lake as a small volcanic island rising from the water - Witch Island (Wizard Island), as well as the so-called "Lake Old Man" is a vertically floating log that has been floating in the water of the lake for more than a century. Thanks to cold water, it is quite well preserved, only turned white due to weather effects, probably because of its age and the so-called "gray hair" and gave it such a name. The length of the log is about 9 meters, of which 120 cm rises above the water, and the diameter is about 60 cm.
In 1902, Theodore Roosevelt declared the lake a National Park, largely due to the efforts of William Steele, who devoted seventeen years of his life to convincing Congress of the need to preserve and protect the lake. Also thanks to Steele, the amazing 53-kilometer Rim Drive was created, encircling the lake and allowing visitors to admire its scenic views from many different vantage points during the summer months. The road is open for travel from May or June (depending on when the snow melts) to October, during this period it is best to visit Crater Lake. There is a fee to enter the park, but it's not big.
In 2005, the US Mint issued a 25-cent commemorative coin dedicated to the State of Oregon, on its reverse is depicted Crater Lake.
Crater - very beautiful lake with clear, pure water. From time to time, brilliant blue, ominously gloomy, it fascinates with its beauty and unusualness.
On our beautiful planet, there are many places that fascinate with their beauty, one of these places is Crater Lake, located in southern Oregon. This is a volcanic miracle. The history of this deep blue lake is breathtaking. The lake partially fills a 1,220 m deep caldera formed approximately 7,700 years ago after the destruction of the Mazama volcano.
On May 22, 1902, thanks to Lake Crater, a US national park was created here. The lake is its main tourist attraction.
Lake dimensions: 8 by 9.6 km, average depth 350 m. Maximum depth is 594 m, this is the deepest lake in the United States, the second deepest in North America (the deepest is the Great Slave Lake) and the seventh deepest in the world (Baikal - the deepest). In addition, it is considered the deepest lake in the world, the waters of which are completely above sea level. The edge of the caldera is located at an altitude of 2130-2440 m.
On June 12, 1853, John Wesley Hillman was the first European American to see this lake and named it "Deep Blue Lake" in Oregon. The lake has been renamed at least three times, as Blue Lake, Majestic Lake, and finally Crater Lake.
The Klamaz Native American tribe may have witnessed the collapse of Mount Mazama and the formation of Crater Lake and therefore considered the lake sacred. Their legend tells of a battle between the god Skell and Lleo, the god of the underworld. Mount Mazama was destroyed in battle and this Crater Lake was created. The people of this tribe used Crater Lake in search of visions, which often depicted climbing caldera walls and other dangerous tasks. Those who were successful in such a quest were considered spiritually advanced.
In 2005, the US Mint issued a coin depicting this lake.
Studies show that hydrothermal activity is taking place on Kreiter, which suggests that at any moment Mount Mazama can wake up again. Even more amazing landscapes waiting for you in selection 13
Crater Lake "Crater"(Crater Lake) can be seen in Oregon, USA. It is located 128 kilometers from the city of Ashland and is one of the amazing natural attractions of our world, formed in the crater of an extinct volcano Mount Mazama (Mount Mazama), the last eruption of which occurred 7700 years ago.
Crater Lake attracts tourists from all over the planet transparent, clean water with a blue tint, but sometimes its color changes to an ominously gloomy one. The lake is located quite high, its edges are at an altitude of 2130 to 2440 meters, and the maximum depth reaches 594 meters. This places it as the second deepest in North America (the deepest is the Great Slave Lake) and eighth in the entire world (the deepest is Baikal). Its width is 8 by 9.6 kilometers.
Mount Mazama Volcano is part of the volcanic Cascade Mountains, composed primarily of dacite, rhyodacite, and andesite. Around 5700 B.C. a powerful eruption led to the immersion of Mount Mazama, while about 50 km were thrown into the air. rhyodacite. Later eruptions formed a platform in the center of the caldera, also creating many volcanic features. The most famous are Witch's Island, Merriam's Cone and the rhyodacite dome at the center of the platform.
The bottom of the caldera was covered with landslide deposits and sediments. Over time, it cooled and precipitation began to accumulate in it, eventually forming Crater Lake, which is now admired by many travelers who come here. Then the slopes were covered with dense forests, and streams formed a drainage system. Now at the bottom of the lake there is sometimes a slight hydrothermal activity, which suggests the possibility of a new eruption.
The name of the lake has changed several times. The first European American, John Wesley Hillman, traveled through Oregon on June 12, 1853, when he saw the lake, he was struck by its unusual color, beauty and location and named it "Deep Blue Lake". Over time, its name changed to Blue Lake, Majestic Lake, and finally became Crater Lake, which has stuck with it to this day.
The sight of Crater Lake and the surrounding scenery is breathtaking, which attracts many tourists here. Here you can see the sights of the lake - the Witch Island (a small volcanic island that rises from the water) and the "Old Man of the Lake", which is a vertically floating log that has been floating in the lake for more than a century. Due to cold water, the log was well preserved, only turned white due to weather effects. Apparently because of this "gray hair" and his age, he was given such a name. The diameter of the log is about 60 cm, its length is 9 meters, of which 120 cm rises above the water.
In 1902, thanks to the efforts of William Steele, who spent seventeen years convincing Congress of the need to protect and preserve the lake, Theodore Roosevelt declared the lake and the surrounding area a National Park. Also, thanks to the efforts of William Steele, Rim Drive was built - a 53-kilometer road encircling the lake. From it, Crater Lake can be seen from many different points, allowing you to fully enjoy the picturesque views. The road is open from May or June (if the snow hasn't gone yet) to October, so it's best time to visit the lake. Entrance to the park is paid, but the price is not significant.
In 2005, a 25-cent coin was dedicated to the state of Oregon, on the reverse of which Crater Lake was depicted.
(Eng. Crater Lake) - crater, located in the USA, Oregon. main attraction national park lake, Crater is known for its deep blue color and clear water. It partially fills a 1,220 m deep caldera formed approximately 7,700 years ago after the collapse of the Mazama volcano.
Lake dimensions: 8 by 9.6 km, average depth 350 m. Maximum depth is 594 m, this is the deepest lake in the USA, the second deepest in North America (the deepest is the Great Slave Lake) and the eighth deepest in the world (Baikal is the deepest). The edge of the caldera is located at an altitude of 2130 - 2440 m.
It is believed that the first European American to visit the shores of the lake was John Wesley Hillman on June 12, 1853.
Crater is also famous for a huge log called "Old Man of the Lake", which has been floating in the lake for more than a hundred years, in an upright position. Due to the low temperature of the water in the lake, the log is quite well preserved.
The reverse of the 25 cent Oregon commemorative coin issued by the US Mint in 2005 features Crater Lake.
Geology of Crater Lake
Mazama Volcano, part of the Cascade Mountains volcanic arc, is composed primarily of andesite, dacite, and rhyodacite. The caldera was formed as a result of a powerful volcanic eruption, which led to the sinking of Mazama around 5700 BC. e.: at the same time, about 50 km³ of rhyodacite was erupted. Since then, all eruptions on this volcano have been confined to the caldera.
Later lava eruptions created a platform at the center of the caldera, Wizard Island, Merriam Cone, and other smaller volcanic features, including a rhyodacite dome at the center of the platform. Precipitation and landslide deposits covered the floor of the caldera.
Over time, the caldera cooled, precipitation began to accumulate, and eventually a lake formed. Later, landslides at the edges of the caldera formed alluvial fans and turbidite deposits at the bottom of the lake. Fumaroles and hot springs were quite active during that period.
After some time, the edges of the lake caldera relatively stabilized, the streams formed a drainage system for the lake, and the slopes were covered with dense forests.
At the bottom of the lake, some hydrothermal activity remains, suggesting the possibility of a new eruption at Mazama.
Tourism on Crater Lake
Crater attracts tourists from all over the world with its clear, pure water with a bright blue tint, but sometimes the color becomes ominously gloomy. It is located quite high, the edge of the caldera is at an altitude of 2130 - 2440 meters, and its maximum depth is as much as 594 m! Which makes it the second deepest in North America (the deepest is the Great Slave Lake) and the eighth deepest in the whole world (Baikal is the deepest). The width is - 8 by 9.6 km.
Lake Quilatoa is a water-filled caldera in the westernmost volcano of the Ecuadorian Andes, located in the province of Cotopaxi. The crater lake can be reached by walking trail passing through several remote Andean villages in Ecuador. This route, as a rule, takes 3-4 days, you can get there faster by intercity bus.
Photo: Wikimedia
In 1991, Mount Pinatubo exploded, destroying its original summit. As a result, a acid lake, but heavy rains helped to increase the volume of water and form a normal pH balance.
Photo: Love These Pics
Okama is a round crater lake surrounded by the three mountains of the Zao Range. The water in it has a high content of acids. The color on the surface magically changes depending on the sunlight.
Photo: Trover
Inferno is a crater lake with signs of a geyser, the waters of which maintain a temperature of 35 to 80°C and high acidity up to pH 2.2. The reservoir was formed from an explosion on the slope of Mount Haszard during the eruption of the Tarawera volcano in 1886.
Photo: Travel Tourism Blog
Keriz or Kerid is a volcanic lake located in the Grimsnes region in southern Iceland, on tourist route Golden ring. This is one of the most popular crater lakes in the region.
Photo: Guilhem DE COOMAN
Lyotipollur means "ugly puddle", but beauty can be found even in the ugliest, right? This red lake is located in the south of the Icelandic Highlands, in the southernmost crater of the Veydivotn system.
Photo: Atlas of Wonders
Fakaari (Whakaari) or the Isle of Wight is an active andesitic stratovolcano, lying 48 km from the east coast north island New Zealand. The eruption in 2000 led to the formation of a new crater, which turned into a lake.
Photo: MarliMillerPhoto
Crater Lake in Oregon is one of the most famous calderas in the world with deep blue clear water. This is the main attraction of Crater Lake National Park and the most deep lake in the United States.
Photo: CRONICAS DE LA GUINEA ECUATORIAL
Lago de Moca is located at an altitude of 1500 meters above sea level, 70 km from the capital of Equatorial Guinea. This place got its name in honor of the former local ruler of the African people Bubi. It's popular at the moment tourist destination and part of the protected area of the Luba Crater Scientific Reserve.
Photo: Travel Pal
Lonar - drainless salt Lake in a meteorite crater, located a few hours drive from the Indian city of Aurangabad. Soda and salt deposits are formed on the shore of an alkaline reservoir. The smell is unforgettable, but it does not scare away tourists.
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Yugama is a crater lake at the top of Mount Kusatsu-Shirane. It is known as the most acidic body of water in Japan.
Photo: Earth Observatory
Volcano La Cumbre is located on desert island Fernandina, which is known as a pristine island. It is unique in that there is not a single introduced mammal here.
Photo: Our planet
Maly Semyachik is an active stratovolcano with the Troitsky crater, which is filled with a hot, acidic lake.
Photo: Wikipedia
Lake Deriba lies in the high point mountains of Jebal Marra in a volcanic crater with high walls.
Photo: Volcano Cafe
Hnausapollur is one of two crater lakes (the first is No. 6 Ljotipollur) in the Veydivotn system south of the Tyungnaau River.
Photo: Tan Yilmaz
Lake Rano Kau is easily recognized by its green grass thickets. It lies at the bottom of the Rano Kau shield volcano, whose eruption was instrumental in the emergence of Easter Island in the South Pacific.
Photo: Pinterest
Lake Eskuvan is located in the crater of the Askja volcano in the northeastern part of the Vatnaekul glacier. It was formed after a powerful eruption in 1875. Escuvan is the second deepest lake in Iceland.
Photo: TravelCie
Lake Toba is located in the caldera of an extinct supervolcano of the same name. It lies on the site of a grandiose eruption, which became the largest explosion on Earth in the last 25 million years.
Photo: CopiPanas
Segara Anak Lake was formed in the caldera of the Rinjani volcano and covers an area of about 11 square kilometers. This stunning blue body of water is located at an altitude of more than 2000 meters above sea level.
Photo: Dieter Behrens
A walk in East Java of more than three kilometers leads to a surreal turquoise lake surrounded by sulfur. This is an unusual color for a landscape on top of a volcano. Ijen is the main source of livelihood for local residents who mine sulfur in the volcano.
Photo: Tan Yilmaz
Lake Cuicocha is located in a three-kilometer caldera at the foot of the Cotacachi volcano in the Western Cordillera of the Andes. In the center of the lake lies a pig-shaped island, which is why it is called "Lago del Cuy" or Guinea Pig Lagoon.
Photo: Fine Art America
According to the legend of Eldorado, it was probably on Lake Guatavita that the Muisca Indians performed a ritual during which they threw gold into the sacred waters. This round pond is one of the most popular destinations for ecotourism in Colombia.
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The volcanic island of Oba is often hidden in the clouds. When it is still open for viewing from above, two lakes, resembling a pair of emerald or turquoise eyes, attract attention. This island is considered the most big volcano Republic of Vanuatu.
Photo: Wikipedia
This crater lake has become a major local attraction. Blue Lake interesting for its ability to change shades of blue depending on the season. From the end of March it is dark blue, and then from the beginning of November it acquires a deep turquoise color.
Photo: Costa Rica Guide
Diego de la Aya is a lake in one of the craters of the Irazu volcano in the Central Cordillera. The depth of the reservoir is over 90 meters. Its waters are distinguished by high mineralization and the ability to change color from emerald green to dark red.
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