Gold ring of Russia. Seven wonders of the Kama region Download presentation on the golden ring
Voynov Mikhail
The presentation "Golden Ring of Russia" introduces historical heritage of our Motherland, with ancient cities included in the Golden Ring of Russia. In the process of getting acquainted with the presentation, there is an introduction to the spiritual and cultural values of our Motherland.
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gold ring of Russia
Moscow Moscow was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. In the XII century, Moscow was a suburban city of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus. In 1237-1238. Tatars ravaged and burned it to the ground. Despite everything, Moscow was rebuilt again, and soon turned into the capital of a small specific principality.
The city is located in the center of the European part of Russia, on both banks of the Moscow River. The area of Moscow for 2006 is 1081 km2. According to the latest data, approximately 10.5 million people live.
One of the most beautiful architectural monuments Moscow, Historical building Russian State Library, the famous Pashkov House.
SERGIEV POSAD - THE SOUL OF RUSSIA Named in honor of St. Sergius of Radonezh, who founded the Trinity Monastery, the largest in Russia. Ivan the Terrible was baptized in the monastery. The production of crosses, candlesticks, icons, etc. was developed in the city. Sergiev's toy won great popularity. Buying a toy near the walls of the Lavra means doing a charitable deed.
Trinity-Sergius Lavra From 1919 to 1946 the monastery was closed. Today the Lavra is active monastery, the spiritual center of Orthodox Russia. On the territory of the monastery there are the Moscow Theological Academy and Seminary, as well as a museum-reserve.
Pereslavl-Zalessky The city was founded in 1152 at the crossroads of trade routes by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. The name of the city is translated from Old Russian as "adopted glory." The most famous prince of Pereslavl was Alexander Nevsky.
The Goritsky Assumption Monastery arose in the 16th century. under Ivan Kalita. The monastery is located on a hill south coast Pleshcheeva Lake. Due to its location, it is visible from everywhere. At present, the Pereslavl Museum of History and Art is located within the walls of the Goritsky Monastery. Goritsky Assumption Monastery
Rostov the Great One of the oldest Russian cities - known since 862. On the eve of the Tatar-Mongol invasion, Rostov was one of the largest Russian cities. Stone construction was going on here, chronicles were being written, books were being copied. A significant event in city life was the annual Rostov fair.
Kremlin Architectural Museum Kremlin Reserve Finift
Uglich The city stands on the banks of the Volga River and was founded in 937 by Jan Pleskovich. In the 19th century, Uglich turned into provincial town, where several small leather, linen and paper enterprises operated. The construction of a hydroelectric power station and factories greatly changed the face of the city. Uglich - "corner"
watch "The Seagull" The Uglich Museum is located on the territory of the Uglich Kremlin. Founded in 1892 in the chamber of the palace of specific princes. A well-known watch factory in Russia operates in Uglich, which produces -
Yaroslavl Yaroslavl is one of the most significant culturally and the largest among the cities of the "Golden Ring" of Russia. The city is older than Moscow (it was mentioned for the first time under 1071) and bears the name of the famous Prince Yaroslav the Wise. According to legend, the prince himself, having hacked to death in a forest ravine with a battle ax a bear worshiped by the local pagan population, put it in this place, at the confluence of the river. Kotorosli to the Volga, the first wooden city, and a bear with an ax later became the coat of arms of the city.
Church of Elijah the Prophet
Kostroma Kostroma was founded in 1152 by Yuri Dolgoruky. It follows from the sources that “there were impenetrable, dense jungles in this place,” and robbers were hiding here, from whom “there was no way at all.” Yuri Dolgoruky dealt with the robbers with a "flaming sea". And on the scorched earth, the city of Kostroma appeared.
Trading rows In 1773. during the fire, all the wooden buildings in the Kremlin burned down, and a significant part of the settlement was also damaged. There is a legend that Catherine II, when asked what she would like to see Kostroma, unfurled her fan. Kostroma is really planned according to the fan system.
Ples Ples was founded in 1410 by Prince Vasily I as a military fortification on the Volga, guarding the approaches to Moscow and the Volga cities. Ples is strategically located. The Volga does not wind here, which allows you to see the enemy from a great distance.
Levitan Museum Many famous artists came to this picturesque region: I.E. Repin, V.V. Vereshchagin, I.L. Levitan. They said about the latter that “Plyos glorified Levitan. Levitan glorified Ples”. After the appearance of Levitan's paintings, many summer residents began to flock to Plyos.
The symbol of the city - Spaso-Evfimievsky monastery Suzdal The city has a happy and noticeable fate in the history of the country. Although it was destroyed more than once over the centuries, it suffered from fires and epidemics, but again and again it was reborn to life. There was not a single major historical event in Russia in which Suzdal or its citizens would not participate.
Intercession Monastery Famous Museum of Wooden Architecture
Vladimir It is called the gate of the Golden Ring of Russia. In 1108, Prince Vladimir Monomakh built a powerful fortress, protected from the south by the steep banks of the Klyazma River, from the north by the Lybed River, from the east and west by deep ravines. New fortress was named after the founder - Vladimir.
The Golden Gate is the rarest monument of military-defensive architecture. They were built in 1164. Only two powerful white stone walls have survived from the ancient building. Today, one of the expositions of the Vladimir-Suzdal Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve is located in the building of the Golden Gate.
The presentation was made by Mikhail Voinov, a 4th grade student of the Baranovskaya secondary school, Gorshechensky district, Kursk region. Internet resources: http://www.zolotoe-kolco.ru/
Geography teacher of economic school No. 145 in Perm
I love and I know, I know and I love
And the more I love
the more I know
In October 2007, the project "7 Wonders of Russia" was launched.
Its goal is to revive patriotism, draw attention to the restoration and preservation of unique historical, cultural and natural objects on the territory of Russia, by holding a competition to determine the seven most outstanding monuments of nature and history.
The competition "Seven Wonders of Russia" aroused great interest of Russian and foreign tourists in the Kungur Ice Cave.
As a result of the competition "Seven Wonders of Russia", the influx of tourists has sharply increased, if earlier a year the cave was visited by up to 120 thousand people, then in six months the "Prikamskoye Miracle" was visited by about 90 thousand tourists. Often there were cases when tourists could not get into the cave because of tickets sold.
The Chusovaya River - the pearl of the Urals
A person who has visited the sun and wind at least once cannot forget the huge stars in the dark night sky, the mysterious whisper of trees, the mysterious dusk of caves and the fantastic whims of the wind, which created amazing stone figures, majestic coastal cliffs and friendly soft coastal meadows.
Chusovaya has unique features: it is the only river that flows through two parts of the world - Asia and Europe. You can enjoy the beauty of the coastal cliffs and admire the majestic pictures of the Middle Urals, from a height of their 100-meter peaks
Chusovaya is the most picturesque river of the Middle Urals. The length of this Ural pearl is 592 kilometers. Fabulous beauty is given to the river by limestone and dolomite giants - "STONES". The stones rise above the water from 10 to 115 meters and stretch along the coast from 30 meters to 1.5 kilometers. Many rocks on Chusovaya are taken under state protection and are natural monuments.
The river has really become a cherished dream for many tourists.
In the upper reaches of the Chusovaya, on the basis of rich local deposits, ironworks began to be actively built: Polevskoy (1722), Vasilyevo-Shaitansky (1732), Revdinsky (1734), Seversky (1735) and others.
Stay in the parking lot primitive man, and the ancient stone sanctuary "Owl" (in one of the stone caves, fragments of ceramics dated 1 thousand years BC were found)
You can look into the underground kingdom of caves (... the Miracle Cave. Its mysterious and amazing kingdom, either hospitably opens huge halls, or frighteningly narrows its corridors. In absolute darkness, a White Speleologist appears. She breathes. She is alive! ...)
See blue Lake(... it is unique in its nature of origin and almost sacred. The water is clean and transparent. The trees, rustling their leaves, bent over the blue surface, hiding this miracle from everyone and keeping a secret hidden in the depths of the waters forever ...)
To go part of the way along which in 1581 Yermak was looking for an exit to the Siberian rivers (... the river Mezhevaya Duck turned out to be shallow, and the squad, descending on their plows down the Chusovaya, entered the waters of the Serebryanka river ...)
Back in the 1960s, the All-Union tourist route along the river from the village of Sloboda to Chusovoy, served by the Kourovskaya camp site (since 1987 it has been called the "Chusovaya camp site"). Up to 3,000 people took part in trips along the river and its tributaries annually.
On the right bank, 326 km from the camp site in Kourovka, there are the ruins of penal colony No. 35 of a special regime, which was part of the Gulag system. The construction of the Vashkurskaya, Ponyshskaya hydroelectric power station was planned here. Among tourists, this place is called the “Station”.
Monument to Demidov
(Sverdlovsk region.)
The Demidov cross erected in honor of the birth of Nikita's son at this place by state councilor Ankifiy Demidov on May 31, 1779 (the monumental commemorative cross is made of solid stone 2.6 meters high)
Coat of arms of the Demidovs
Kungur ice cave
Kungurskaya Cave is a unique natural monument covered with many legends.
The total length of all cave passages is 5km 600m.
The length of tourist passages is 1km 500m.
According to scientists, the age of the cave is 10-12 thousand years.
There are 70 lakes in the Kungur ice cave, all of them are connected to each other, as well as to the Sylva River. The largest is called big lake, occupies an area of about 1300 cubic meters. m., the depth reaches 3 m.
On the banks of the beautiful Sylva, in ancient city Kungur, in the bowels of the Ice Mountain, the pearl of the Urals is hidden - the Kungur Ice Cave.
The pearl of nature is the seventh longest among gypsum caves in the world, perhaps the first in beauty. The magic of underground lakes and gigantic grottoes, the frozen poetry of ice and stone take tourists to the fantastic world of an ancient cave.
The Kungur Ice Cave is a leader among attractions, it could be included in the list of "Seven Wonders of Russia"
There are 48 grottoes in the Kungur cave
The underground kingdom of stalactites and stalagmites, the frozen symphony of stone and ice, grandeur and galactic silence - all this leaves an incomparable feeling.
The beauty, grandeur and history of the exploration of the cave are reflected in the names of the grottoes: Diamond, Cosmic, Dante, Ruins, Geologists, Courageous, Giant, Polar, etc.
The Kungur ice cave is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the Urals, it is a natural monument of all-Russian significance. The only cave in Russia, well-equipped for excursions.
Information about the cave.
The length of all passages of the cave is 5 km 700 m;
number of grottoes - 58 (the largest is the Grotto of Geographers - 50 thousand m2, on tourist route- grotto Velikan - 45 thousand m2);
number of lakes - 70 (the largest is the Big Underground Lake, area 1460 m2);
the average air temperature in the center of the cave is +5°C, in the first Grotto Diamond - in summer: -2, -3 degrees of frost, in winter: -10, -15 degrees of frost;
relative humidity in the center of the cave - 100%.
According to one of the legends, in 1578-1579, a detachment of Yermak wintered in the vicinity of the cave, before going to Siberia.
History of study.
The Kungur Ice Cave has been known in science since 1703, when S.U. Remezov, a scientist from Tobolsk, created the first plan of the cave. Later ice cave visited V.N. Tatishchev, who for the first time in Russia correctly explained the origin of underground voids. In the future, well-known scientists Gmelin I., Lepekhin I., Kittara M., and in Soviet times Professor Maksimovich G. and others wrote about the cave. In 1948, a scientific station was created at the cave, where they worked famous researchers Kungur cave Lukin V., and Dorofeev E. Currently, young scientists of the hospital are constantly monitoring the state of the Ice Cave.
In 1959, ancient cave paintings were discovered (they belong to the ancient Stone Age).
Kungur ice caves
I visited the Kungur caves.
Never seen such beauty!
Cool grottoes with wonderful illumination
And the guide's stories are bright and interesting!
Their history in the depths of centuries calls us -
People have been here since ancient times...
Grotto Diamond, Crypt and Cross
They beckon with a magical and new picture.
The Meteor Grotto will not be forgotten -
In the darkness of the night, a meteor flies there.
"Lady's tears" from past centuries
Everyone is checked - are you ready to pass?
This passage is very slippery -
But the lakes are waiting and I'm rushing forward!
Grotto Titanic - here they come.
In the waters of transparent vaults are visible ...
Grotto Giant Christmas tree meets us all -
Fresh greens all year amazes.
In the last grotto with the name Vyshka
The mouse pleases the children from the lump.
I am glad and happy that I saw
Caves Kungur - the pride of the Urals!
I advise everyone to visit there -
These beauties cannot be described!
Northern beauty - diamond Vishera
The Vishera region is rich in minerals. They "talk" about the wealth of the subsoil and geographical names: Golden stone, Zolotanka river.
Vishera - one of the most picturesque rivers of the Urals - has mainly the character of a fast mountain river flowing in a narrow valley. Its length is 415 km. The fifth longest river in the Perm Territory.
Crystal-clear fast water, high, steep banks, decorated with bizarre rocks, fish wealth has always attracted thousands of tourists to the Vishera and its tributaries. In the upper reaches of the Vishera there is the largest population of grayling and taimen in the region.
Limestone cliffs rise along the banks of the river, in the Urals they are called stones. Stones Vetlan, Stolby, Dyrovaty are interesting for their height, shapes, karst caves,
The Talkative stone was named for its strong echo.
Numerous drawings of ancient hunters dating back to the 3rd millennium BC have been preserved on the sheer cliff of the Pisanyi stone. Various animals and hunting scenes are depicted on the "scribes".
The whole world is known for its purity - Vishera diamonds, which are mined on the tributary of the Vishera, the Bolshoy Shchugor River.
About 150 species of flora of the region are rare and subject to protection. At the end of summer, an abundance of berries, mushrooms, pine nuts.
The fauna of the region is unusually diverse due to the fact that it is represented by species of European and Siberian fauna.
Reserve "Vishersky".
This is the most beautiful corner of the Northern Urals. Here is the highest ridge of the Western Urals - Tulymsky Stone (1469 meters)
Geographical position
The reserve is located on the western slope of the Northern Urals, covering the upper reaches of the river. Vishera; in the Krasnovishersky district of the Perm region.
Founded on February 26, 1991. The area of the protected area is 2412 square kilometers (241.2 thousand hectares)
In total, 400 species of plants are registered in the reserve, 122 of which have received the status of very rare in the region and the country.
On the territory of the reserve there are numerous karst forms - funnels, caves, blind valleys.
In the vegetation, altitudinal zonality is expressed - from the middle taiga spruce-fir forests to mountain tundra and cold mountain deserts.
In terms of the size of the protected area, the Vishersky reserve ranks 6th among 39 similar ones in European Russia. Far superior to known European dwarf states
In the reserve, work is being carried out to protect the territory and record animals, various scientific research, environmental propaganda and education are being conducted.
Here, far from people, the holy places of the Mansi people are hidden.
If you climb up the mountains from the river, then a narrow belt of subalpine meadows will open behind the forests. In summer, they are covered with lush grass, a variety of greenery and flowers pleases the eye.
It is claimed that anomalous phenomena most often occur in these places: the glow of metal objects standing on the ground; flashes and beams of light gushing from the mountains; underground noise. Many more secrets and mysteries lurk in this reserved land ...
Orda cave
This cave is increasingly being called “Russian Florida”, but fundamentally it differs from the famous American cave area in that we have a stable water temperature of +5°C.
Underwater cave No. 1 in Russia and the CIS. The largest underwater cave system in Russia. To date, the total length of explored underwater passages is 2.5 km.
As in a fairy tale, diving into this well, you will find a way to another world - to bizarre water labyrinths stretching for several kilometers. In the bright light of the lantern, you can look at the amazing sculpture of the walls. ancient kingdom that has existed for thousands of years.
A wonderful picture opens from the top of the hill - the Kungurka River winds below you, and from above you can see the entire bottom of this river, the water is so clear in it.
Located on the left bank of the Kungur River, not far from district center Horde.
It was formed about 10-12 thousand years ago.
Orda Cave is the sister of the famous Kungur Cave.
Only 300 of the 1550 meters of the total length of the Ordynskaya cave are dry passages and halls, and 1250 meters are underwater galleries.
Underwater galleries alternate with wide halls, from which you can see thin winding passages (the so-called "sideways").
The entrance to the cave, however, is located quite high - somewhere in the middle of the Kazakovskaya mountain, in which it is located.
Amazing possibility of free swimming in the cave in any direction. A mixture of delight, excitement and adrenaline!
A layered cake of plaster walls, snow frost and ice decorations, the purest transparent water, magnificent spacious grottoes.
A transparent greenish-bluish lake is the entrance to the underwater kingdom.
Ridge Kvarkush
Kvarkush - plateau-shaped mountain range in the Northern Urals, in the basin of the river. Vishera.
The length of the ridge is 60 km, the width reaches 12-15 km, the height is up to 800-850 m.
The highest point of the ridge - Vogulsky Stone (1066 m)
These reserved places are like a fairytale forest and alpine meadows at the same time. .
This is a land where mushrooms are larger than trees, where carpets of moss spread and you can easily meet Baba Yaga's hut.
Here you can meet such unique natural phenomena as raised bogs, which sometimes appear before your eyes in the form of small lakes with bright blue water.
It is snow in the middle of summer at the foot of numerous peaks,
a bear paradise with an abundance of different berries and reindeer, which you can feed from your hand.
The uniqueness of this place is that almost all types of natural landscapes that can be found in the mountains of the Northern and Middle Urals are concentrated here on a relatively small area - fir-spruce taiga, mountain taiga, subalpine meadows, fir-spruce and birch crooked forests, mountain tundra , mountain swamps.
And this is a place with a special, incomparable energy. A simply stunning view opens from it - the entire Main Ural Range is in full view!
The highlight of the ridge is the Zhigalan waterfalls, located on the steeply dipping Zhigalan River (left tributary of the Uls River), declared a hydrological monument of nature. With a length of 8 kilometers, the river falls 700 meters in height, forming a cascade of waterfalls of amazing beauty.
"There is snow, there Mountain country, tundra. And here are glades, alpine meadows! What an incredible neighborhood, what a miracle of nature! Will you believe in him without seeing it with your own eyes?” - Saying of the famous writer Viktor Astafiev
Lake Adovo
Lake Adovo is a natural monument. He is already several thousand years old. A lot of legends and legends of the Finno-Ugric peoples are associated with it.
The natural monument Lake Adovo is located just north of Gain, near the village of Serebryanka. Not many people managed to see the lake with their own eyes - it is surrounded by swampy terrain and it is quite difficult to get there.
Mirror area: 3.68 km2
Height above sea level: 160.9 m
The lake is crystal pure water and white quartz sand. The lake has a double bottom, and in the spring a curious phenomenon is observed here - the seething of water: this is probably how peat gases come out.
The depth reaches 6 meters.
Legends say that the lake was created by evil spirits, and therefore there is no approach to it. It is believed that the lake is never calm during the day and waves rage on it at night, and in the middle there is such a whirlpool that if you swim up to it in a boat, it will instantly drag you in.
Hell's Lake is a large egg-shaped lake with low marshy shores. The water is clear like a spring. Ducks and geese nest here, sometimes white swans are found. Around the lake there is a small pine forest, in which there is a lot of upland game.
Every year the lake becomes smaller: human activity brings its "fruits" (deforestation).
Reserve "Basegi" - a real pearl of the harsh Ural region.
S= 37,935 ha.
Charm wildlife this taiga in 1982 led to the creation state reserve, on the basis of which it was also planned to study the middle taiga forests.
The reserve was created to preserve the original nature of the Cis-Urals, which is a mountain taiga located on a ridge.
This territory is the highest part of the Middle Urals and is located on the watershed of the tributaries of the Chusovaya River - Usva and Vilva.
Basegi are of great scientific value in geological terms as well.
Due to the rather high diversity of mammals, birds, amphibians, etc., scientific research is often carried out on the Basegi base, so the territory attracts a wide variety of scientists. The flora of the reserve has not yet been studied enough, which practically makes it possible to make your first scientific discovery or find a calling in life.
In all areas of the reserve there are historical and archaeological monuments - barrows and burial mounds belonging to the Sarmatian culture of the 7th-3rd centuries BC, as well as to the tribes of the late nomads of the Middle Ages.
The flora and fauna of the reserve is very rich: 50 species of mammals, 184 bird species , 17 kinds of fish, which is due, among other things, to the fact that three landscape belts are represented here. Particularly widespread are the subbelts of mountain tundra, subalpine meadows, light forests and crooked forests - and all this on the territory of one Baseg.
Not everyone knows that so close - right on the territory of our region - in this reserve you can meet such rare mammals in our places as badger, wolverine and black polecat. There are also bears, wolves, foxes, ermines and martens, and a huge number of rodents serve as good food for most of these predators. In addition to game birds, there are such predators as the peregrine falcon and white-tailed eagle, as well as a wide variety of songbirds. At the same time, the list of bird species found on the territory of Baseg is constantly updated.
Many plants are listed in the Red Book or are simply quite rare. Therefore, it is necessary to be extremely careful about this forest pearl of the Middle Urals. In the Basegi Reserve you can enjoy the beauties of nature native land, it is enough to see all this once to understand - it is already impossible to forget it.
Do you know what the expression “Permyak - salty ears” means? Permyanka salt - fine and white. It seems to be watered with blood and sweat, but still clean. It was salt that glorified the Perm Territory in the 17th century. There was not enough salt in Russia. It was bought abroad, it cost its weight in gold, they were looking for it literally as actively as gold in the era of the gold rush. The Kama area was rich in outcrops of salty groundwater - brines. Salt was boiled down on Solikamsk land under difficult conditions. Poverty is everywhere. The barns were salted through. Here they sweat with saline solutions and cry with salty tears. Salt is also in the air, deposited on the mustache, beard .... Salt is carried in bags on the back, the brine flows on the ears, corroding them ... This is where the saying becomes clear ... And even now, in the vicinity of Usolye and Solikamsk, you can find fontanels, the banks of which are as if powdered with white snow in summer - these are salt crystals from dried sprays . Moose, wild boars, and wolves come to these springs to lick the salt.
Cherdyn - ancient capital Ural
Cherdyn, Great Cherdyn, Why are you great? The Kolva River is dozing sobbing like an old man ... V. Radkevich
"Cherdyn" from the Komi-Permyak language is translated as "a settlement at the mouth of a stream"
1451 - the first written mention of Cherdyn
Remember!
Fortress of Cherdyn.
This is how the handsome Poljud appears for many tens of kilometers
At the top of Mount Polyudov Stone
Modern coat of arms of the city of Cherdyn
1601 - the imprisonment of the boyar Mikhail Nikitich Romanov, uncle of the first Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty
Remember!
The shackles of the boyar Mikhail Romanov
Cherdyn - a city-monument
Resurrection Cathedral
John the Theologian Church
St. Nicholas Church in the village of Nyrob, Cherdynsky district
Church of the Transfiguration from the village of Yanidor, Cherdynsky district. 1702 Architectural and ethnographic museum "Khokhlovka"
Cherdyn is a city-monument. Such protected areas should be protected and preserved.
Repeat and teach - sharpen the mind. Russian proverb
How is the word "cherdyn" translated from the Komi-Permyak language?
A) "melt water" B) "settlement at the mouth of the stream" C) "distant land"
What is the date of the first mention of Cherdyn in written sources.
A) 1451 B) 1601 C) 1430
What is the name of the mountain near Cherdyn?
A) Vetlan B) Remembered C) Polyud
What is depicted on the coat of arms of the city of Cherdyn?
A) a cornucopia B) an elk on top of a mountain C) a salt well
Rearrange the letters to make a word.
Much was in Cherdyn for the first time in the Kama region first
C
WITH
L
T
AND
ABOUT
A
WITH
T
ABOUT
L
AND
C
A
first
WITH
S
M
T
ABOUT
R
H
b
A
M
ABOUT
H
A
WITH
T
S
R
b
first
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TO
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