unesco world heritage in france. unesco world heritage
The UNESCO World Heritage List in the French Republic includes 37 items (for 2011), which is 3.8% of the total (936 for 2011). 33 objects are included in the list according to cultural criteria, with 17 of them recognized as masterpieces human genius(criterion i), 3 properties are included according to natural criteria, each of which is recognized as a natural phenomenon of exceptional beauty and aesthetic importance (criterion vii), as well as 1 mixed property, also falling under criterion vii. In addition, as of 2010, 33 sites in France are among the candidates for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The French Republic has ratified the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and natural heritage June 27, 1975
UNESCO experts have decided that the French gastronomic culture, with its rituals and complex organization, is worthy of being included in the prestigious Intangible Cultural Heritage List. For the first time in the world, this status was given to national cuisine, which indicates "its universal recognition".
The experts of the Intergovernmental Committee of UNESCO satisfied the request of France in the art of Alencon lace - included in the List of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Food is part of the French national identity. Normandy, Provencal, Burgundy and Alsatian cuisines differ from each other in the same way as the inhabitants of these regions. “It must be said that French cuisine is subject to numerous influences, which allows it to create new dishes and new tastes. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this openness, especially given the characteristics of modern society,” says Hubert de Canson, Deputy Permanent Representative of France to UNESCO.
Versailles - palace and park ensemble in France (fr. Parc et château de Versailles), the former residence of the French kings in the city of Versailles, now a suburb of Paris; tourism center of world importance.
Versailles was built under the leadership of Louis XIV from 1661, and became a kind of monument to the era of the "Sun King", an artistic and architectural expression of the idea of absolutism. The leading architects are Louis Le Vaux and Jules Hardouin-Mansart, the creator of the park is Andre Le Nôtre. The ensemble of Versailles, the largest in Europe, is distinguished by a unique integrity of design and harmony of architectural forms and the transformed landscape. From the end of the 17th century, Versailles served as a model for the ceremonial country residences of European monarchs and aristocracy, but there are no direct imitations of it.
From 1666 to 1789, until the French Revolution, Versailles was the official royal residence. In 1801 it received the status of a museum and is open to the public; since 1830 the whole architectural complex Versailles; in 1837, the Museum of the History of France was opened in the royal palace. In 1979, the Palace of Versailles and the park were included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List.
Many significant events in French and world history are associated with Versailles. So, in the 18th century, the royal residence became the site of the signing of many international treaties, including the treaty that ended the American War of Independence (1783). In 1789, the Constituent Assembly, which worked in Versailles, adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
Chapel_and_Gabriel_Wing_Palace_of_Versailles
northern view
South facade. Versailles 2
In 1871, after the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War, in Versailles, occupied by German troops, the creation of the German Empire was proclaimed. Here, in 1919, a peace treaty was signed that completed the First world war and laid the foundation for the so-called Versailles system - the political system of post-war international relations
View of the palace from the park
Versailles_-zicht_op_de_Écuries
The history of the Palace of Versailles begins in 1623 with a very modest feudal-style hunting castle, built at the request of Louis XIII of brick, stone and roofing slate on the territory purchased from Jean de Soisy (Jean de Soisy), whose family owned the lands from the 14th century. The hunting castle was located in the place where the marble courtyard is now located. Its dimensions were 24 by 6 meters. In 1632, the territory was expanded through the purchase of the Versailles estate from the Archbishop of Paris from the Gondi family, and a two-year rebuilding was undertaken.
La Victoire sur l "Espagne Marsy Girardon Versailles
Louis XIVSince 1661, the "Sun King" Louis XIV began to expand the palace in order to use it as his permanent residence, since after the Fronde uprising, living in the Louvre seemed unsafe to him. The architects André Le Nôtre and Charles Lebrun renovated and expanded the palace in the classicist style. The entire facade of the palace from the side of the garden occupies large gallery (mirror gallery, Galleria Louis XIV), which makes a stunning impression with its paintings, mirrors and columns. In addition to it, the Battle Gallery, the palace chapel and the Royal Opera are also worth mentioning.
After the death of Louis XIV in 1715, the five-year-old King Louis XV, his court, and the Regency Council of Philippe d'Orléans returned to Paris. The Russian Tsar Peter I, during his visit to France, stayed in May 1717 at the Grand Trianon. The 44-year-old Tsar, while at Versailles, studied the arrangement of the Palace and parks, which inspired him to create Peterhof on the shores of the Gulf of Finland near St. Petersburg (Verlet, 1985).
Versailles changed during the reign of Louis XV, but not as extensively as it was under Louis XIV. In 1722 the king and his court returned to Versailles and the first project was the completion of the Salon of Hercules, the construction of which had begun in last years reign of Louis XIV, but due to the death of the latter, it was not completed.
The Small apartments of the King are recognized as a significant contribution of Louis XV to the development of Versailles; The chambers of Madame, the chambers of the Dauphin and his wife on the first floor of the Palace; as well as the private chambers of Louis XV - the small apartments of the King on the second floor (later rebuilt into the apartments of Madame Dubarry) and the small apartments of the King on the third floor - on the second and third floors of the Palace. The main achievement of Louis XV in the development of Versailles was the completion of the construction of the Opera House and the Petit Trianon Palace (Verlet, 1985).
Petit Trianon Palace
Small apartments of the king. Office of the golden service
Playroom Louis 16
Madame Dubarry
An equally significant contribution is the destruction of the Ambassadors' Staircase, the only ceremonial route to the Grand Royal Apartments. This was done for the construction of apartments for the daughters of Louis XV.
One of the gates
The inviolability of power. The French royal court.
In the decoration of the gate, the symbols of the king-"sun"
Golden Gate.
Palace of Versailles; stone Saint Leu,
There were no significant changes in the Park, compared with the times of Louis XIV; the only legacy of Louis XV in the parks of Versailles is the completion of the Neptune Basin between 1738 and 1741 (Verlet, 1985). In the last years of his reign, Louis XV, on the advice of the architect Gabriel, began the reconstruction of the facades of the courtyards of the Palace. According to another project, the Palace was to receive classical facades from the city side. This Louis XV project also continued throughout the reign of Louis XVI, and was only completed in the 20th century (Verlet, 1985).
mirror hall
All accounts related to the construction of the palace have survived to our time. The amount taking into account all expenses is 25,725,836 livres (1 livre corresponded to 409 g of silver), which in total amounted to 10,500 tons of silver or 456 million guilders for 243 g of silver / Recalculation to the modern value is almost impossible. Based on the price of silver at 250 euros per kg, the construction of the palace absorbed 2.6 billion euros / Based on the purchasing power of the then guilder as 80 euros, the construction cost 37 billion euros. Putting the cost of building the palace in relation to the state budget of France in the 17th century, we get the modern amount of 259.56 billion euros.
Facade of the palace. Clock of Louis 14.
Almost half of this amount was spent on the creation of interior decoration. The best masters of the Jacob era, Jean Joseph Chapuis created luxurious boiserie. [source not specified 859 days] These expenses were distributed over 50 years, during which the construction of the Palace of Versailles, completed in 1710, was underway.
Emperor Augustus
Roman busts
The site of the future construction required a huge amount of land work. Recruitment of workers from surrounding villages passed with great difficulty. Peasants were forced to become "builders". In order to increase the number of workers in the construction of the palace, the king banned all private construction in the vicinity. Workers were often imported from Normandy and Flanders. Almost all orders were carried out through tenders, the expenses of the performers, exceeding those originally named, were not paid. In peacetime, the army was also involved in the construction of the palace. Finance Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert kept an eye on frugality. The forced presence of the aristocracy at court was an additional precaution on the part of Louis XIV, who thus secured for himself complete control over the activities of the aristocracy. Only at court was it possible to receive ranks or posts, and those who left lost their privileges
Fountains of Versailles
On May 5, 1789, representatives of the nobility, clergy and bourgeoisie gathered in the Palace of Versailles. After the king, who by law was given the right to assemble and dissolve such events, closed the meeting for political reasons, the deputies from the bourgeoisie declared themselves the National Assembly and retired to the Ballroom. After 1789, the Palace of Versailles could only be maintained with difficulty.
architectural elements palace decoration
On October 5-6, 1789, at first a crowd of Parisian suburbs, and then the national guard under the command of Lafayette came to Versailles demanding that the king and his family, as well as the National Assembly, move to Paris. Subject to forceful pressure, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, their relatives and deputies moved to the capital. After that, the importance of Versailles as the administrative and political center of France declined and was not restored in the future.
Since the time of Louis Philippe, many halls and rooms have been restored, and the palace itself has become an outstanding national historical museum, which exhibited busts, portraits, paintings of battles and other works of art of predominantly historical value.
Proclamation of the German Empire in 1871
The Palace of Versailles was of great importance in German-French history. After the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War, from October 5, 1870 to March 13, 1871, it was the residence of the main headquarters of the German army. On January 18, 1871, the German Empire was proclaimed in the Mirror Gallery, and Wilhelm I was its Kaiser. This place was deliberately chosen to humiliate the French.
The peace treaty with France was signed on February 26, also at Versailles. In March, the evacuated French government moved the capital from Bordeaux to Versailles, and only in 1879 again to Paris.
At the end of the First World War, a preliminary truce was concluded at the Palace of Versailles, as well as the Treaty of Versailles, which the defeated German Empire was forced to sign. This time, historical place was picked up by the French to humiliate the Germans.
The harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles (including huge indemnity payments and recognition of sole guilt) laid a heavy burden on the shoulders of the young Weimar Republic. Because of this, it is widely believed that the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles were the basis for the future emergence of Nazism in Germany.
Marble Court of Versailles
After World War II, the Palace of Versailles became the site of German-French reconciliation. This is evidenced by the celebrations on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the signing of the Elysee Treaty, which took place in 2003. Palace of Versailles
The following kings and members of their families were born in the Palace of Versailles: Philip V (King of Spain), Louis XV, Louis XVI,
Many palaces in Europe were built under the undoubted influence of Versailles. These include the castles of Sanssouci in Potsdam, Schönbrunn in Vienna, the Great Palaces in Peterhof, the Rapti Manor in Luga, Gatchina and Rundale (Latvia), as well as other palaces in Germany, Austria and Italy.
Busts and sculptures
Bust of Louis XIV by Gianlorenzo Bernini
Busts in the Hall of Mirrors
Buste de Louis XV, Jean-Baptiste II Lemoyne (1749), apartments of the Dauphine, Louis 15
Madame Clotilde
Buste de Charles X, 1825, Francois-Joseph Bosio
Marie Antoinette
Francois Paul Brueys
mirror gallery
Salle des croisades
Sleeping Ariadne
Escalier Gabriel
Petit_appartement_du_roi
lobby ceiling
Entrance from the lobby
Lobby
Salle des gardes de la reine
Salon Louis 14, medallion depicting a Roman legionnaire
Salon de Venus, Louis XIV en empereur romain, Jean Varin
Coat of arms of Louis Philippe
Paintings
Reception of the Persian ambassadors by Louis 14, COYPEL Antoine
Creator: Claude Guy Halle (Français, 1652-1736)
Louis 14, author unknown
Sun King, Jean-Léon Gérôme (Français, 1824-1904)
Ambassador ladder model
Staircase.of.ambassadors
lobby decor,
Mary Josephine of Saxony and the Count of Burgundy, Maurice Quentin de Latour (author)
La remise de l "Ordre du Saint-Esprit, Nicolas Lancret (1690-1743)
Apartment Louis 14
Dauphine Apartments
Allegories, ceiling painting,
The birth of the Duke of Burgundy at Versailles on 6 August 1682 by Antoine Dieu
Royal bedchamber in gold.
blue cabinet
Chambers in the Grand Trianon
Marie Antoinette
Bed Madame Pompadour
Napoleon's quarters
Palace decor
Angels, the ceiling of the reception room
mirror gallery
Coat of arms of Louis 14
Chandeliers and candelabra
Dining rooms and fireplaces
Porcelain
Josse-François-Joseph Leriche, Queen's toilet
Coyau
UNESCO is an organization dealing with international cooperation of peoples and states in the field of education, culture and science. The Organization sets as its goal the strengthening of peace and the promotion of security throughout the world, based on the expansion of cooperation between peoples.
The scope of the organization's activities includes combating discriminatory phenomena in the field of education, combating illiteracy, studying national cultures and training national personnel. UNESCO also deals with the problems of geology, social sciences, biosphere and oceanography.
History of creation
In the midst of World War II, to discuss measures to restore the education system in Europe after the onset of peace, the President of the British Education Council, Richard A. Butler, took the initiative to hold a conference to which representatives of eight allied countries were invited, including the ministers of education and culture. The meetings were held in London from 16 November to 05 December 1942.
In the period from 1942 until the end of the war, about sixty meetings were held with the active support of the world community. After the end of the war, at a meeting of the London Conference of the United Nations on November 16, 1945, dedicated to the issue of founding an international organization that would oversee education, science and culture, the Charter of the organization was developed and the UNESCO Preparatory Commission was formed.
The commission created for the preparation of UNESCO moved to Paris on September 6, 1946, settling in the Hotel Majestic, restored after the war, on avenue Kléber. Working conditions were far from comfortable: secretaries lived and worked in bedrooms, mid-level workers had to huddle in bathrooms, using them to store documents. The Majestic Hotel served as a temporary office, first for the Preparatory Commission and then for the Organization itself, until a building was built in Paris in 1958 to house the headquarters of UNESCO.
Modern UNESCO building in Paris
At present, the headquarters of UNESCO is located in a building built on the left bank of the Seine, on Place Fontenoy in Paris, the grand opening of which took place on November 3, 1958. It was designed by an international team of architects including Marcel Breuer from the USA, Pier Luigi Nervi from Italy and Bernard Serfus from France. The construction was led by an international committee, which included famous architects Charles Le Corbusier from France, Walter Gropius from the USA, Lucio Costa from Brazil, Sven Markelius from Sweden and Ernesto Rogers from Italy. Finnish architect Eero Saarinen, who was not on the committee, also took part in reviewing the project.
Marcel Breuer- American architect and designer, a native of the Hungarian city of Pest. He is considered one of the recognized founders of industrial design. He is considered to be one of the most successful and influential architects of the 20th century.
Pier Luigi Nervi- Italian engineer and architect, professor at the University of Rome. He took part in the construction of a number of buildings in Rome, Florence, Naples and other Italian cities. After working on the project of the Artemio Franchi Stadium in Florence, he became widely known in Europe. Thanks to the reinforced concrete construction he invented, he was nicknamed "the poet of reinforced concrete".
Bernard Zehrfuss- A French architect who brilliantly graduated from the School of Fine Arts in Paris. Born in 1911 in Angers. Serfrys is a representative of functionalism, an architectural trend that pays great attention to the use of the achievements of science and technology, the simplicity of forms and rationalism.
The UNESCO building is known all over the world not only because it houses the headquarters world organization but also thanks to unique architectural solutions. The complex in the form of a three-pointed star, reminiscent of the Latin letter Y, was erected on seventy-two concrete columns, the space between which is occupied by various service premises and lobby.
This is a seven-story building of three buildings, deployed to each other at an angle of 120 degrees. The glass façade of 1068 windows, providing all rooms with enough light, gives the building a special lightness. Acoustics is provided by a special system of ribbed walls and reinforced concrete coatings. It houses a library that stores all UNESCO publications, a rich philatelic and numismatic collection, as well as a department of souvenirs.
The UNESCO architectural ensemble complements the building, which was named "Accordion". It houses the Oval Hall for plenary sessions, designed for 900 seats; a building built in the shape of a cube, as well as a third building, the windows of which overlook the green courtyards. There is a beautiful Japanese garden in front of the Permanent Mission Building.
The interior of the buildings is decorated with unique works of famous artists and sculptors of the 20th century. On the walls of the UNESCO building you can see the paintings by Picasso, the frescoes of Tamayo, the bas-relief of Arpa, the sculptures of Alexander Calder and Henry Moore.
Everyone who wants to see the building itself and admire the unique works of great artists can come here on an excursion.
How to visit UNESCO?
Organized from Tuesday to Friday group tours at UNESCO headquarters. Those wishing to visit the UNESCO building must pre-register. Applications are accepted at: visit(at)unesco.org. The application specifies the purpose of the visit, the number of group members and the desired date and time of the visit. Group visits are organized at 10:00 and 15:00. The duration of the visit is approximately 30 minutes. The tour includes a short presentation, a visit to a meditation hall designed by Japanese architect Tadao Ando, and a tour of a Japanese garden and artwork.
Exhibitions and various events
The most extensive site in France, inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 2000 in the category of cultural landscapes - Loire Valley . With a length of 280 km and an area of 800 km2, this delightful area is a unique asset for all.
The Loire Valley is memorial place history and art. It clearly shows how, over time, a person managed to take his place along the entire length of the river, equip it and even defend itself from it, from the danger that it represented. The landscape of the Loire Valley, its numerous cultural monuments clearly testify to the ideals of the Renaissance and Enlightenment in relation to the idea and creation Western Europe. A remarkable architectural heritage is also represented here - historical cities: Blois, Chinon, Orleans, Saumur, Tours, Nantes or Angers, and worldwide famous monuments: the castle of Chambord or Chenonceau, the Royal Castle Amboise, the gardens of the castle of Villandry, the castle of Clos Luce, as well as the royal abbey of Fontevraud. These castles are an excellent visual and historical chronicle of major and minor events in the history of France.
(Total 22 photos)
1. Chambord Castle, Loire Valley, France
2. Saumur Castle (Chateau de Saumur) is located in the Loire Country region, on the historic road of the Valley of the Kings. Built at the end of the 11th century, Saumur Castle was alternately a fortress, a pleasure residence, the residence of the city's governors, a prison, then a warehouse of weapons and ammunition. Towering over the city and the majestic Loire, the castle was bought from the state in 1906 by the city of Saumur and, after partial restoration, a municipal museum was opened in it.
4. Azay-le-Rideau Castle (Azay-le-Rideau) is located in the Center-Loire Valley region. Erected on an island in the middle of the Indre River, the castle in its present form was built during the reign of Francis I by the wealthy financier Gilles Berthelot, who wanted to embody Italian innovations in French architecture. Surrounded by greenery, the castle is washed by the waters of the Indre, in which its walls are reflected. Castle of Azay-le-Rideau, recognized historical monument, is the epitome of sophistication, characteristic of the castles of the early French Renaissance.
6. Langeais Castle (Le chateau de Langeais) is located in the Center-Loire Valley region, on the border of Anjou and Touraine. There are two unique castles in the Langeai castle: the tower of Fulk Nerra and the castle of Louis XI. The first of them is the oldest donjon in France, and the second has two facades, medieval from the side of the city and Renaissance from the courtyard. The first castle, located on a hill above the Loire, was erected in 994 by the powerful and formidable Angevin Count Fulk Nerra. Today it is one of the oldest donjons in France: a significant part of it remains, dressed in our time with scaffolding recreating a medieval construction site. These scaffoldings and lifting mechanisms take visitors back to the time of the tenth century builders. On the other side of the courtyard is the second royal castle, built by order of Louis XI at the end of the 15th century (in 1465). Louis XI wanted to be able to control the right bank of the Loire from the height of the towers of the castle and the sentinel path. Its majestic façade is thus equipped with a walkway, towers and a drawbridge from the side of the city. In the inner courtyard, the ornate façade windows emphasize the Renaissance sophistication of this pleasant, pleasing residence.
7. Historical wedding. Within these walls, on December 6, 1491, the fate of France and Brittany was decided at the marriage ceremony of Charles VIII with the Duchess Anne of Brittany. This marriage marked the accession of the duchy to the French crown, thus ending its independence. The spectacle, striking in its realism, will take the visitor to the center of this most important event in the history of France.
9. Chenonceau Castle (Chateau Chenonceau) is located in the Center-Loire Valley region. A crown jewel, then a royal residence, the Château de Chenonceau is unique for its original location on the Cher River as well as for its destiny. He was loved, cherished and protected by women such as Diane de Poitiers and Catherine de Medici. Today, Chenonceau Castle is the second most visited castle in France after Versailles.
12. The park and castle of Valençay (Chateau de Valençay) were built during the time of Louis XIII. The castle was built on the site of an old feudal fortress. Over time, it is rebuilt and harmoniously combines the style of the early Renaissance and classicism. In 1803, Napoleon buys this magnificent castle, which becomes the property of the Prince de Talleyrand, Minister of Foreign Affairs. The latter, thanks to this, can receive important guests with due luxury. Napoleon decides to purchase the Château de Valençay for his famous foreign minister, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, in 1803, so that he can receive European dignitaries with due luxury. The castle is located in Berry and combines two architectural styles - Renaissance and Classicism. It is fully furnished and is surrounded by superb French-style gardens and an English park.
15. The medieval fortress of Amboise (Amboise), located in the Center-Loire Valley region in the city of Amboise, becomes a royal residence during the reign of Kings Charles VIII and Francis I (end of the 15th-beginning of the 16th centuries). Many European artists and writers live at the court of Amboise at the invitation of the kings, like Leonardo da Vinci, who rests in the chapel of the castle.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in France:
1. Roads to Santiago de Compostela
Historic buildings and monuments along the four roads leading pilgrims to Spain.
2. Mont Saint-Michel
On the island there is a Benedictine abbey (XI-XVI centuries) in the Gothic style and a village.
3. Saint-Emilion
wine region with long history. Many churches and monasteries.
4. Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartan
Monastery since 811. Frescoes (XI-XII centuries) with scenes from the Pentateuch have been perfectly preserved.
5. Paintings in the caves of the Weser Valley
25 caves with ancient rock art. Several hundred drawings of animals.
6. Canal du Midi
328 hydraulic structures between mediterranean sea and the Atlantic (1667-1694).
7. Historic fortified city of Carcassonne
Typical medieval city with an impressive defensive system around the castle and dwellings.
8. Chartres Cathedral
It was built from 1145. An example of French Gothic. Sculptures of the middle of the XII century, stained-glass windows of the XII-XIII centuries.
9. Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonne
Landscapes of exclusively cultural significance: historical cities, villages, castles.
10. Cathedral in Bourges
A masterpiece of Gothic art of the XII-XIII centuries. Images of the Last Judgment and scenes from the life of St. Etienne.
11. Palace and park in Versailles
Founded in 1624. Over time, the ensemble became a model of the royal residence.
12. Paris - the banks of the Seine
A collection of architectural masterpieces, including Notre Dame, the Louvre, the Tuileries, Les Invalides.
13. Amiens Cathedral
The largest cathedral in the country. The three-aisled basilica was built in 1220 on the site of a Romanesque church.
14. Palace and park at Fontainebleau
In 1137 a modest hunting castle was built. Later it grew and became the residence of kings.
15. Provins, medieval city of fairs
In the XII-XIII centuries. fairs were held here, which attracted merchants from all over Europe.
16. Notre Dame Cathedral, Saint Remy Abbey and Tho Palace in Reims
Gothic cathedral of the 13th century. In the abbey of Saint-Remy they kept a vessel for the chrismation of the kings of France.
17. Church in Vezelay
The church in Vézelay allegedly contains the remains of Mary Magdalene. Place of pilgrimage.
18. Fontaine Abbey
It was founded in 1118 by the Cistercians, and in the XV century. received the status of a royal abbey.
19. Lyon
Founded by the Romans in the 1st century. BC e. Numerous monuments belonging to different eras.
20. Gar bridge
This is part of the aqueduct built by the Romans in 19 BC. e. Connects the banks of the Gardon River.
21. Ancient Roman monuments of Arles
The oldest monuments date back to the 1st century. BC e. Amphitheater, underground passages, baths of Constantine.
22. Historic center of Avignon
In the XIV century. the city was papal residence. Fortifications, Papal Palace, Notre-Dame-de-Dome Cathedral.
23. Ancient theater and triumphal arch in Orange
The large amphitheater (facade length 103 m) is excellently preserved. Arch with bas-reliefs (10-25 years).
24. Arc-et-Senan: royal salt mines
The village of Arc-e-Senan was built near the salt mines in the 18th century. Director's house and factory buildings.
25. Place Stanislas I, Quarry and Alliance in Nancy
The architectural ensemble of squares (1752-56) is an example of French baroque.
26. Strasbourg. grand isle
Grand-Ile Island is the historical center of the Alsatian capital. Cathedral, four churches, Roan Palace.
27. Cape Girolata, Cape Porto, Scandola Reserve and Piana Calanches in Corsica
The reserve on the Scandola peninsula covers 30,000 hectares. Seagulls, cormorants, sea eagles.
28. Mount Mante Perdido in the Pyrenees (France/Spain)
"Lost Mountain" - a massif with a height of 3.352 m. Nearby are the two largest canyons in Europe
29. Bell towers of the cities of Belgium and France
23 bell towers in northern France, a bell tower in the city of Gembloux in Belgium, 30 Belgian city towers. Vivid symbols of emerging civil liberties.
30. Le Havre - the city restored by Auguste Perret
The heritage site includes administrative, commercial and Cultural Center Le Havre. An example of post-war urban planning and architecture.
31. Port of the Moon in Bordeaux
The historic center of the port city in the southwest of France is a unique urban and architectural ensemble Enlightenment
32. Lagoons of New Caledonia
The second largest coral reef in the world is located in the New Caledonia lagoon.
33. Fortifications of Vauban
Thirteen fortresses designed by Vauban.
There are 46 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in France. Most of them are religious buildings. The list also includes cities with rich history(the old cities in Paris, Strasbourg, the papal borough in Avignon, and the episcopal borough in Albi) and natural objects(Gulf of Porto, lagoons of New Caledonia, nature of the island of La Reunion).
(In addition to material objects, there is also)
Full list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in France:
Fontnay Abbey (l'abbaye de Fontenay)
- the oldest remaining intact today, the Cistercian abbey (built in 1118).
Antique Theater and Arc de Triomphe of Orange (le Théâtre antique et l'Arc de Triomphe d'Orange)
The theater in Orange was built during the reign of Emperor Augustus, in the 1st century. BC, veterans of the 2nd legion of Julius Caesar. Today it is one of the best preserved Roman theaters in the world. The huge outer wall with the original elevator remained intact. The triumphal arch was built later - in the 1st century. AD
The architectural legacy of Le Corbusier
It's 17 architectural structures created in the 20th century. Franco-Swiss master Le Corbusier on three continents (in America, Asia, Europe). Most of them are located in France: the houses of La Roche and Genre in Paris, the Villa Savoie in Poissy, the chapel of Notre Dame du Haut in Ronchamps, the monastery of Sainte-Marie de la Tourette in Eve, etc.
apartment building in Marseille The Basilica and the Hill of Vezelay
The basilica, built by 1150, was largest center pilgrimages on the road of St. James of Compostela. It is an example of Romanesque architecture.
Bay and abbey of Mont-Saint-Michel (la Baie et l'abbaye du Mont-Saint-Michel)
is a rocky island located in the English Channel in northern France. Famous for the abbey and its buildings towering over the island. Is one of .
Vineyards, houses and cellars of Champagne
Vineyards and places associated with winemaking in the Champagne region.
Le Havre city center built after World War II
The world heritage list includes the city center of Le Havre, restored after the war (1945 - 1964) by the architect Auguste Perret (Auguste Perret). This architectural ensemble is located on an area of 150 hectares and unites more than 12 thousand buildings - residential buildings, commercial, administrative and religious buildings, built according to the principles of the School of Structural Classicism modern architecture mid 20th century
Belfry towers in France and Belgium (les beffrois de France et de Belgique)
And Belgium are inscribed in the world cultural heritage. French towers are located in and. The bell towers are an exceptional example of urban architecture adapted to the political and spiritual requirements of the times. Built in the Middle Ages, they became a symbol of the independence of cities from the feudal regime.
Vineyards in Burgundy
One of the recently added objects to the UNESCO list (since 2015), glorifying the region's wine-making traditions.
The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (le Val de Loire entre Sully-sur-Loire et Chalonnes)
The Loire Valley is an exceptionally beautiful landscape of historic cities and villages, great architectural monuments — , - agricultural land and the river itself.
Roads of St. James of Compostelle (les Chemins de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle en France)
France is part of the pilgrimage route from the center of Europe to spanish city, where the Cathedral of St. James of Compostela is located.
Ancient Roman monuments in Arles (les monuments romains et romans à Arles)
The ensemble consists of 8 objects located within a perimeter of 65 hectares, and includes a Roman amphitheater, an ancient theater, a Roman forum, baths, a fortress wall, a temple, etc.
Episcopal town in Albi (la Cité épiscopale d'Albi)
The architectural ensemble, for the most part, is medieval, made of burnt red bricks.
Porto Bay (Piana Bay, Girolata Bay, Scandola Nature Reserve) in Corsica (le Golfe de Porto: calanche de Piana, golf de Girolata, réserve de Scandola en Corse)
Bay in the Mediterranean Sea in the western part. On the coast there is a nature reserve.
Castle and Gardens of Versailles (Versailles)
Located near Paris in the town of Versailles. It was the residence of the French kings Louis XIV, XV, XVI. The kings and their courtiers lived there permanently from 1682 to 1789.
Fontainebleau Castle
- one of the royal residences near Paris, many French kings lived here from Francis I to Napoleon III. The building is made in the styles of the Renaissance and classicism.
Historic Center of Avignon (Papal Palace, Bishop's Complex, Avignon Bridge) (le Palais des papes, ensemble épiscopal, le Pont d'Avignon)
In the 14th century Popes of the Roman Catholic Church lived in Avignon.
Historic center of Lyon (Lyon)
The old one is located along the Saone River at the foot of the Fourviere hill. This is a rare example of the cities of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance that have remained almost untouched to this day.
Fortress of Carcassonne
This medieval architectural ensemble is located in the city of Carcassonne on the right bank of the Aude River. The history of the fort dates back to the Gallo-Roman period. The fortress became famous for its double wall, almost three kilometers long, with 52 towers. The count's castle and basilica are also located inside.
Lagoons of New Caledonia
The incredible beauty of the lagoons of New Caledonia is located in pacific ocean. Belong to France. Limited to the longest coral reef in the world.
Sites of ancient sites and grottoes with prehistoric drawings in the Vezère Valley (la vallée de la Vézère)
Of interest are prehistoric drawings found in 25 caves of the Weser Valley, 147 Paleolithic sites in a zone of 30 by 40 km and hundreds of thousands of Stone Age artifacts.
Sites of ancient settlements in the Alps (les sites palafittiques préhistoriques autour des Alpes)
We are talking about the remains of prehistoric, dating from the period from 5000 to 500 BC, lake dwellings around the Alps. These are 111 places around lakes, along river banks and in swamps. Only a small number have been excavated, but the finds there suggest life in Neolithic and Bronze Age Europe.
Collegiate Church in Saint-Savin sur Gartempe (l'abbatiale de Saint-Savin sur Gartempe)
Included in the World Heritage List due to well-preserved, unique wall paintings of the 12th-13th centuries. (epoch of Romanesque art).
Gard bridge (le pont du Gard)
Built in the 1st c. AD Considered the tallest aqueduct built by the Romans. Water was carried along it from Uzes to the city of Nimes. The aqueduct was used until the 6th century. The building was then used as a bridge.
Paris, banks of the Seine
UNESCO protected area. On an area of 365 hectares, there are 23 of the 37 Parisian bridges across the Seine, as well as two islands - and Saint-Louis. Many monuments of the French capital are located in this area: , , Concorde Square, …
Cave Chauvet-Pont d'Arc (la grotte ornée du Chauvet-Pont d'Arc)
This is a Paleolithic cave discovered in 1994 in the department of Ardeche. Named after its discoverer. About a thousand drawings and engravings, mostly depicting animals, were found in the cave.
Plateaus of Cos and Cévennes (les Causses et les Cévennes): cultural landscapes of Mediterranean pastoralism
The Greater Kos and Cévennes protected areas are located in the south of the Massif Central between 5 cities - Mand, Ales, Ganz, Lodev and Millau. Great importance is given to the history of the development of the region, the organization here from the 11th century. large abbeys and links between agrarians and their biophysical environment.
Pyrenees - Lost Mountain (les Pyrénées - Mont Perdu)
The Pyrenees-Lost Mountain is a vast mountainous area on the border between France and Spain. Natural and cultural landscapes are protected.
Pitons, cirques et remparts de l'île de la Réunion
Natural treasure of the French overseas department in the southwest indian ocean. The protected area makes up almost 40% of the island.
Stanislas Square in Nancy (la place Stanislas, Nancy)
The square was built by the will of the Duke of Lorraine Stanisl Leszczynski in 1755 by the architect Emmanuel Héré. Considered one of the most beautiful squares in France.
Port de la Lune in Bordeaux
Port of the Moon - this is the name of the port in the city because of the characteristic curved shape of the coast on which the port is located. Trade port The city was of great importance in the development of Bordeaux in the 16th-20th centuries.
Provins, city of the medieval fair (Provins)
Proven - former capital County of Champagne. Famous for the medieval fortifications surrounding the city.
Jurisdiction of Saint-Emilion (la Jurudiction de Saint-Emilion)
is a wine-producing area 35 km away in the northern part of the Dordogne Valley. It extends over 7846 hectares, the population is 6 thousand inhabitants.
Notre-Dame Cathedral, Saint-Rémi Abbey and Tau Palace in Reims
Notre Dame Cathedral in Reims was built in the 13th century. Suffered significant damage during the First World War. But the statuary of more than 2300 statues has still been preserved intact.
The Basilica Abbey of Saint-Remy is one of the oldest churches in France, built in the 9th century. It contains the relics of Saint Remy, the baptizer of the first French king Clovis.
The Palace of Tho was the residence of the Archbishop of Reims, and it was also home to the French kings during their coronation. The name of the palace was due to its shape - it was built with the letter T (in Greek Tau).
Cathedral in Amiens
This is the most spacious french cathedral(200,000 m 3 ). One of the examples of the classic Gothic style. The cathedral has lost almost all original stained-glass windows, but its western facade and portal are still decorated with sculptures of the 13th century.
Cathedral in Bourges
Built between the end of the 12th - the end of the 13th centuries. In architectural terms, it is remarkable for its harmonious proportions and the value of tympanums, sculptures and stained glass windows.
Cathedral in Chartres
Masterpiece gothic architecture, his sculptures, stained-glass windows and cladding are preserved for the most part in their original form. The cathedral was built in the 13th century.
Saltworks at Salins-les-Bains (la saline de Salins-les-Bains)
An ensemble of two former saltworks. Salt production in these places has been carried out for 7 thousand years.
Taputapuatea in Polynesia
Taputaputea is a commune on the island of Raiatea in French Polynesia. The UNESCO lists include places where ancient Polynesian cults were practiced.
Fortifications of Vauban (les fortifications de Vauban)
Several cities (Arras, Besancon, Villefranche de Conflans, etc.) with fortifications by the military engineer Vauban.
Strasbourg: Center (Grande-île) and German Quarter Neustadt (la Neustadt)
The old center is inscribed in the UNESCO world heritage as an example of a medieval city.
The German Quarter was built to the north and northeast of the Grande Île, historical center, during the period when the city belonged to Germany (construction went on from the 80s of the 19th century until the start of the First World War).
Mines of Nord-Pas-de-Calais (les mines du Nord-Pas-de-Calais)
This is a territory in the north of France in the departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais, whose economic, social, ecological and cultural development is closely related to the intensive mining of coal from the end of the 17th century to the end of the 17th century. until the end of the 20th century.
South Canal (le canal du Midi)
Connects to the Mediterranean Sea. It was built in the 17th century. in the reign of Louis 14 and was called by contemporaries the "construction of the century." It is the oldest operating canal in Europe.
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