The safest mode of transport in the world. Airplanes are a very safe mode of transport.

Against the backdrop of a large number of different vehicles, many specialists and experts, of course, want to know which of them are the safest. Statistics show that the safest mode of transport is an airplane.

Specialists divide transport into 2 groups:

By service sector:

public options
special purpose
Private

By environment of use:

Ground - it includes wheeled options and rail
Underground - subway
Air
Space
Aquatic and underwater
Pipeline

Passengers boarding an airplane often shudder at the thought of taking off and landing. However, official statistics are unequivocal - airliners are quite safe in terms of movement.

For calculations, they take the number of victims per 100 million miles. According to the results of such calculations, the mortality rate in air crashes is 0.6 people. You can die in a plane crash in 1 case in 8 million. When compared with other options that are traditionally considered safer, then such a figure will turn out to be completely ridiculous. So, in case of accidents with mopeds and motorcycles, the statistics is 125 deaths per 1.5 billion km. Cyclists die on the roads in considerable numbers - 35 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers of road. Even in the metro, more people die than in air transport - 25 cases per 1.5 billion km.

What ensures the safety of the liner

The reliability of aircraft, as noted by experts, is ensured by a number of factors. First of all, each aircraft undergoes a whole range of serious tests before the flight. Moreover, it is examined by both technicians and the captain of the ship, who must be personally sure of the excellent condition of the liner he takes for flight.

Secondly, it is the work of security systems. Today, advanced systems are installed in aircraft, and even in the amount of several pieces that can duplicate each other. Accordingly, if something happens to one of them, the other will be able to duplicate it. The plane can fly and land even with one faulty engine.

Thirdly, landing tactics change regularly. Previously, pilots practiced landing the aircraft softly, but now they are advised to do it rough, which improves the grip of the landing gear with the runway.

Is it possible to survive in a plane crash

Many are afraid of the inability to survive in a plane crash. But this is also a myth. Yes, in many cases the aircraft is destroyed. But the cases when passengers remained alive are quite numerous. This is due to the fact that all aircraft designed by those people who are well versed in aerodynamics and gravity. And falling from a height of 10,000 km is not so easy for an airplane to fall.

In the United States, for example, 500 air incidents have occurred in 20 years. The death toll in these is about 5% of the total number of passengers on board the liner. Even in such situations, when planes fall and break in half, passengers have a chance to survive.

Choosing a safe place on the ship

Against the background of determining the safety of a particular transport, many, of course, are also interested in whether it is possible to find safe places on board an aircraft. Back in 2007, statistics were published that clearly identified the most quiet places in airplane.

To compile the statistics, the researchers took data published by the National Security Council of America for 30 years. They took as a basis the dependence of the number of victims on the place where the passengers were located. It turned out that 70% of crash survivors were located on the ground in the section beyond the edge of the aircraft wing. There is also a chance in half the cases to survive for those who sit above the wing.

The part of the aircraft closer to the tail is in a more favorable position due to the fact that when the aircraft falls, it mainly falls nose down. So, the chances of salvation are greater for those who sit behind.

The statistics of the safest aircraft

Airbus A340 - a total of 340 such models were produced, which in total flew 13.5 million flight hours, 5 accidents were recorded in which there was not a single injured person
Airbus A330 - about 600 copies were produced. Aircraft flew 14 million hours of flight, and during this time only 1 incident occurred. A total of 8 copies were lost, in which 346 people died
Boeing 747 - aircraft of this brand had 1 accident in 17.5 million departures. There are 941 vessels in operation. During the years of use of such liners, 941 ships were lost, 51 disappeared due to accidents in which 3,732 people died
Boeing 737 – 3 tragedies since 1997

The safest aircraft in this moment Boeing 777 is considered. There are 748 copies in the world. Over the years, this model has flown 20 million hours. During this time, 3 people died in two incidents. Lost during this time only one ship.

So do not be afraid of the aircraft because of the high accident rate. Moreover, the crew also undergoes special training, has the necessary skills and does not really want to die. In addition, an airplane is an opportunity to get to your destination quickly and quite safely.

Statistics and public opinion on this issue vary greatly. One thing is for sure: absolutely without dangerous species transport does not exist. Nevertheless, many fears of passengers before using this or that mode of transport are unfounded.

According to a survey conducted in 2006 by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM), aircraft in terms of safety level were located on last place, and rail transport came in first place.

A positive assessment of it is given by 70% of respondents, and only 15% consider it “certainly dangerous”. Aviation received negative reviews. 84% of respondents believe that such travel is dangerous, and 33% - that it is very dangerous. Similar assessments were made for water transport: 44% perceive it as a dangerous mode of transportation, and only 39% as safe. And the most popular form of transport - road - is rated ambiguously: 48% consider it safe, 50% - dangerous.

The statistics say otherwise. Aircraft is considered the safest, followed by water and rail transport.. But cars are considered the most dangerous means of transportation. The data are calculated based on the number of victims when using a particular mode of transport.

We feel most secure in. But according to statistics, the number of accidents is much higher than in. Usually they are not so massive and receive less public outcry.

According to ICAO (International Organization civil aviation- the UN agency that establishes international standards for civil aviation), there is one accident per million departures, which cannot be said about car and other accidents. But any plane crash, even the smallest aircraft, immediately attracts media attention. This contributes to the formation of a negative opinion about aviation as a very dangerous form of transportation.

However, the investigation of air crashes suggests that they occur due to a combination of the rarest circumstances, the possibility of which is minimal (air crash statistics).

The probability that a passenger boarding a plane will die in a plane crash is approximately 1/8,000,000. If a passenger boards a random flight every day, it will take him 21,000 years to die.

It is also erroneous to think that in the event of a plane crash, the chances of surviving are minimal. According to the results of the analysis of 568 aviation accidents that occurred in United States from 1983 to 2000, fatalities account for only 5% of total passengers on board. According to these statistics, out of 53,487 people involved in air crashes, 51,207 survived. As a result of a more detailed study of 26 serious accidents, accompanied by strong impacts of the liners on the ground, breaking them into pieces and fires, it turned out that about 50% of the people on board were saved in these disasters (how to survive in a plane crash).

The probability of survival of the passenger and pilot crew increases if the aircraft makes an emergency splashdown, even if it was not designed for such measures. Experts say that splashdown increases the chances of people surviving by 50%.

Against the background of the statistics of air crashes, the statistics of accidents on the roads does not look very rosy. Only in Russian Federation 203,603 traffic accidents occurred in 2009, resulting in 26,084 deaths and 257,034 injuries.

Of course, if we take as a basis the number of kilometers traveled, then the safest mode of transport can be safely considered space. In the entire history of development, only 3 spacecraft did not reach the earth (2 for the Americans and 1 for us). By the way, space tourism, despite its cost, is becoming increasingly popular, and the number of people wishing to visit space is constantly growing.

Every person regularly makes business trips or travel on vacation. But when choosing a method of transportation, few people focus on the security of their own lives during the trip. Most focus on speed, comfort and prestige. And in vain, because human life and health should come first. Therefore, we will consider all the possibilities of movement and determine the safest mode of transport.

You can determine the safest mode of transport in the world according to several criteria:

by the number of accidents among the total number of flights;
by the number of victims from the number of passengers or those who got into the accident zone and became victims;
by the number of deaths due to an accident or an accident per 160 million kilometers of travel.

The opinion of the world's extras converges on the fact that it is safest to travel by plane. They drew such a conclusion from a negligible proportion of accidents in the sky relative to the total number of flights made. There are only 0.6 deaths per 100 million miles. At the same time, about 30 million flights depart annually, of which about 20 fall into a disaster. Do not forget that half of these aircraft are cargo, and only 10 are passenger ones.

It's hard to disagree with the exact math, but the chances of surviving an airliner crash are almost nil. Thus, we can conclude that the probability of getting into a plane crash is not high, but if such a fate has overtaken, death cannot be avoided. Although there are exceptions to this rule too. Modern progressive technology is designed for an emergency landing on water.

Transport safety statistics in Russia

As practice shows, internal studies of a particular country can provide data that differ from international ones. So, the safest form of transport in Russia is the train. According to the official statistics of the State Statistics Committee for 2017, there were 0 deaths among those who traveled by train, although at the same time, 1626 pedestrians were killed by a train. It turns out that movement railway inside the composition does not threaten anything. The same cannot be said for those who love walking along the paths. The most attractive such places are for teenagers.

In addition to deaths due to their own negligence, there were also those that followed accidents.

The most common causes of railroad accidents are:

the convergence of the train from the tracks;
neglect of safety precautions;
collision of trains;
collision of moving cars on the lost spare parts of the locomotive.

Unfortunately, not all trains are in good technical condition. Even the painstaking work of engineers cannot compensate for the wear and tear of parts. At the moment, a project has been launched in the Russian Federation aimed at improving the safety of such an industry as rail transport.

Airplane

Unfortunately, the mortality statistics for passengers on an airplane is not as encouraging as on the railroad. Russia is among the top three so-called leaders in terms of the number of deaths due to aircraft crashes. In addition, this number also includes the United States and Canada. Over a period of 30 years, 307 domestic airliners crashed, on board of which 7061 victims died.

Accidents in the sky never happen just for one specific reason.

In order to completely lose control of the aircraft, a combination of a number of circumstances is necessary:

human error;
external weather conditions;
technology failure.

Sufficiently unpredictable consequences can be caused by a miscalculation of the dispatcher, because in airspace, as well as on the roads, there are clear routes. Precipitation, fog, wind are also recognized as unfavorable for flights. But the most dangerous malfunction of the airliner. Although engineers provide emergencies and for this case, spare control systems are being developed, the combination of all three factors is extremely risky.

Bus

Traveling by bus implies that a person completely trusts his own life to the driver. If we talk about the general accident statistics on the roads, which includes all types of land transport, then she talks about 194 thousand victims and 17.2 thousand fatal victims in 2017. Such a high number is due to the human factor and vehicle malfunction.

Recently, the number of accidents involving passenger buses has increased. Several times a month there are serious accidents, sometimes with a fatal outcome. According to statistics, in summer time such cases become more frequent and decrease closer to winter. About 5 thousand accidents happened with the participation of buses, 290 people died and 7700 were injured. In 2016, this figure was slightly lower and totaled 214 deaths. Due to the growth trend of the negative coefficient, the head of the traffic police, Mikhail Chernikov, commented on the situation and promised to take the situation under his own control.

Automobile

In 2013, Russia adopted a program to reduce car accidents by three times. 35 billion rubles were allocated from the budget to carry out the necessary measures. But to date, the problem has not been solved. As of 2017, there were 153,000 serious road traffic accidents. Because of this, 194.3 thousand people were injured and 17,185 died. Despite such frightening characteristics, they nevertheless decreased slightly compared to 2015 and 2016.

The most common causes of road accidents are:

drunk driving;
vehicle malfunction;
ignorance or non-observance of traffic rules;
over speed;
non-compliance with the distance;
inattentive driving;
non-compliance with overtaking rules.

In order to reduce the number of accidents, every driver must take a responsible attitude to driving, since not only his own life, but also that of other people depends on it.

Spaceships

It would seem that nothing could be safer than spaceships. They are built from ultra-dense materials and undergo a thorough engineering check, but, alas, the shuttles cannot give 100% reliability. Accidents on satellites occur periodically and most often they can no longer be repaired. As for the spacecraft themselves, 16 people died during the flights around the world, 4 of them were Soviet.

The most common causes of disasters were:

unsuccessful launch or landing;
the destruction of the shuttle in the air when entering the dense layers of the atmosphere;
incorrect calculations;
technical malfunction.

At the stage of space tourism, it is important to take into account all aspects and dangers of such travel, but high price flying is beyond the reach of the majority of the population.

Water passenger transport

According to surveys of social organizations, half of the people believe water transport dangerous to move. Such an opinion is not justified by statistics. Sea and river vessels rank second in terms of safety in Russia. A feature of this type of travel is that the lion's share of passengers die precisely because of the human factor.

Today the ships are equipped lifeboats, which is enough for everyone on the ship. Another characteristic feature of watercraft is high speed. Some passengers do not drown, as many believe, but die from a strong push with an obstacle.

The largest water accident in the Russian Federation for last years considered the crash of the ship "Bulgaria" on July 10, 2011. The incident happened in the Kuibyshev reservoir, the Republic of Tatarstan, and resulted in 122 deaths.

Mopeds and motorcycles

The largest proportion of deaths occur in road accidents involving mopeds and motorcycles.

This situation is due to the minimum protection of passengers from shock and damage. At best, the rider will be dressed in a special suit and helmet, but they do not always save. Drivers of this particular vehicle are 29 times more likely to have accidents than, for example, a motorist.

For some, this type of transportation is also fun, like Russian roulette. But common sense speaks of a rather high probability of dying while driving a bike: for those who overcome 24 kilometers daily, this is 1/860. If we consider incidents in one region, then about 6-7 thousand car accidents happen per year, 250-350 people die and 7-9 thousand are seriously injured.

Of course the rhythm modern life It is impossible without moving over long distances, and it will not work to completely protect yourself from them. But it is possible to observe the elementary rules of self-preservation, which at times increase the chances of saving and maintaining health in an extreme situation. And for complete peace of mind, you can choose the safest mode of transport according to statistics - the train.

calculate, what mode of transport is the safest, not so easy. To build a beautiful and visual graph, at least two indicators are required - the number of dead or injured, as well as the number of people who use this type of transport.

For air, rail and water transport, finding this data is not difficult, because thanks to tickets, each person is taken into account. But there are problems with road transport.

Tracking the movement of the average Russian from work, to work and to the store is not possible - after all, no one passes registration to leave on the threshold of their home.

Our transport safety rating according to statistics for 2018 was compiled using various sources - from the data of the National Union of Insurers, which keep statistics on registered insured events from 2012 to the present, to data on traffic accidents on the Rosstat website.

> 200 deaths per 1.6 billion km

note

Although the number of motorcycle accidents has decreased by more than 70% since 2005, the motorcycle still remains one of the most dangerous modes of transport. According to statistics, it turns out that every 1.6 billion kilometers of the way are paid for by the lives of more than two hundred drivers and their passengers.

A motorcycle, like another two-wheeled vehicle - a bicycle - is characterized by increased vulnerability, so accidents involving motorcyclists are highly likely to end sadly. The reason is non-compliance with the rules of the road, and, surprisingly, the fundamental refusal of some drivers to use a helmet.

9. Private cars

5.75 people per 1.6 billion km

In second place in terms of the number of road accidents are private cars. In total, at least 5.75 people die in 1.6 billion kilometers of the way.

The reasons are both the unwillingness of drivers to comply with the rules of the road, and the condition of the roadway, the increased wear and tear of the vehicle fleet due to the crisis and the deterioration in the purchasing power of the population. And also (due to the increase in the average age of life) and the aging of drivers. All these factors together serve as a guarantee that road transport in Russia will not be safe for a long time to come.

8. Helicopters

9.4 deaths per 1 million passengers

Among air transport The greatest danger to human life is not international transport, but long-distance transport. Especially if a person in a helicopter is forced to go to those parts where even the notorious Makar prefers not to drive his calves.

Perhaps this is the reason for such a high number of casualties among helicopter passengers. For every 1 million people, at least 9.4 are injured. Have to fall from high altitude, and, with a high degree of probability, the injuries will be incompatible with life.

7. Shuttle taxis

5 dead per 1.5 billion km

Fixed-route taxis are by no means the safest form of transport in Russia. According to statistics, every 1.5 billion kilometers traveled by a minibus are paid for with five human lives. Among the reasons can be named both the work of drivers for wear and tear, and the design miscalculations of minibuses, the condition of the roads, the unwillingness to follow the rules of the road and drunk driving.

6. Intercity buses

2.84 injured per 1 million transported

In 2018, there were several major accidents involving intercity buses, including a tragic accident in Voronezh region When two buses collided, five people died and 17 were injured.

In general, according to statistics, intercity and international buses not distinguished by safety - for every million passengers transported in accidents, at least 2.84 are injured or killed.

In total for 2018 trips to intercity buses brought death to more than 600 passengers, and injured more than 13 thousand people.

5. Sea and river transport

2.3 accidents per 1 million passengers

This category includes both international ships and domestic river carriers. In total, in 2018, 62 accidents occurred during sea and river travel, which ended tragically for five people. In general, according to NSS statistics, for every million passengers carried, there are 2.3 accidents.

Passengers on sea and river boats not only the water element threatens, but also the fire element. One of the most common causes of transport accidents is a sudden outbreak of fire on board a ship, usually caused by a faulty electrical wiring. This is not surprising, given that the Russian domestic fleet is in a deplorable state, and almost a third of the ships have celebrated 40 years of operation.

4. Planes

Probability of dying: 1:11,000,000

The safest transport in the world, however, in Russia it is not possible to obtain accurate statistics on the number of accidents per number of passengers.

The data of the National Association of Insurers, on which we relied when assessing the risk of other modes of transport, are not available for them.

The reason is the peculiarities of the insurance system in Russia; most air transport companies carry their passengers not only within the country, but also abroad. Therefore, they use international insurance policies.

That's why the plane is the safest mode of transport: according to statistics, the odds of dying in an accident on board an aircraft are 1 in 11 million. For comparison: the chances of being struck by lightning while walking in a thunderstorm are 16 times higher!

3. Trains

0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers

This category includes both intercity and international trains, as well as ordinary commuter trains. In general, for 2018, the statistics for Russian Railways look excellent - for almost the entire year, from January to November, only seven accidents were registered. Unfortunately, there were no deaths - one person died. In general, there are no more than 0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers.

More and more people prefer to use one of the safest modes of transport, and this cannot be explained by price alone. After all, for some destinations, the cost of plane and train tickets is almost equal. According to the Russian Railways website, for 2018 in trains long distance transported almost 8% more passengers than last year. And the growth in the number of passengers on electric trains amounted to almost 3%.

2. Trolleybuses

0.09 cases per million transported

Trolleybus is in second place in terms of safety among modes of transport in Russia. According to NSS statistics, there are only 0.09 accidents for every million passengers carried. Most of them are banal “stumbled and fell”.

The reasons for the low injury rate of a trolleybus are very simple - its volume and weight, as well as its low speed. In a collision, for example, with a car, the car will have much worse. And the passengers of the trolleybus will get off with light bruises.

1. Tram

0.04 affected out of 1,000,000 people

The safest transport according to statistics for 2018 in terms of the ratio of the number of accidents to the number of passengers. In total, out of one million arrivals from point A to point B, no more than 0.04 people are injured. In addition to safety, the tram has many advantages:

it moves more smoothly than a car and even a trolleybus;
less noisy;
completely autonomous from traffic jams (unless, of course, motorists are trying to drive along the tracks);
of all urban transport causes the least harm to the environment.

Unfortunately, trams are gradually disappearing from small towns in Russia. The reason is the limited local budget, which is simply unable to support a separate line. In total, over the past twenty years, the number of trams has decreased by more than 35%. Does this mean that the safest mode of transport will gradually disappear from the urban landscape?

The safest mode of transport - TOP-10

Reading time: 7 min.

Every day, millions of people learn from the news feed about car accidents, derailed trains, crashed planes and other accidents that end in a great number of deaths.

The question arises, how to protect yourself from trouble and what kind of transport is the safest? In order not to indulge in fear, we present to your attention a list of the safest transport in the world, according to this year's statistical reports.

Motorcycles and mopeds

This type of transport, justifiably, is considered the most dangerous in the world. This is confirmed by statistics - 125 dead per 1.5 billion kilometers. Anyone who prefers this type of vehicle is seriously endangering himself, and very consciously.

Motorcyclists make up only 1% of the total flow on the highway, but a fifth of all accidents fall on this type of transport. Motorists gave motorcyclists the nickname "crunches" for a reason.

The reason for this was a very low percentage of passive safety, a huge acceleration, a huge speed of movement and aspects related to psychology: a love of extreme sports and adrenaline rushes in the body. Motorcyclists often find themselves in the "blind spot" for cars because they are so small.

Bicycles

According to statistics, there are 35 deaths for every 1.5 billion kilometers. This is the most environmentally friendly transport, but at the same time one of the most unsafe.

But, in truth, car drivers are more to blame for accidents than cyclists themselves.

It often happens that the car has only a few scratches, but the cyclist, along with his transport, is between life and death.

Metro

Statistics in this case give figures of 25 dead people per 1.5 billion kilometers. The most dangerous incidents that happen in the subway are fire, crush, train collisions. A large number of people, in a small enclosed space - panic and a huge percentage of victims. In the Russian Federation, the leader in such incidents is the Moscow Metro.

Water transport for passengers

Traveling by water has always been a very risky undertaking. Of course, over the centuries of technological development, now water transport has become much safer, but nevertheless, for every 1.5 billion kilometers, there are 20 deaths. Although the main cause of death remains not collisions with other ships, but passengers falling overboard.

space transport

Here statistics give such figures - 7 dead per 1.5 billion kilometers.

The danger of flying in outer space is in no way comparable to the earthly one - traveling in space is 17 times safer than riding a motorcycle.

For all the time of travel in space, only three vehicles did not return to Earth (the only thing that negatively affects the statistical reports is explosions during spacecraft takeoffs).

Minibuses

Minibus trips suggest 5 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. It is one of the most popular modes of transport among the population. To protect yourself in fixed-route taxi it is best to take a seat in the middle. Here the size of the car, stable grip and passive safety will already play. Unfortunately, the main cause of accidents remains the low level of qualification of drivers.

Cars

Here, statisticians give such figures - 4 dead per 1.5 billion kilometers. The development of technology has also affected cars, now passive and active safety is on a completely different level.

Unfortunately, motorists are most dependent on other road users.

You can be the most skillful and careful driver in the world, but this still does not insure against the fact that someone can crash into you and, as a result, you will end up in a clinic or even worse.

An upcoming trip to another city or a trip to the sea makes people think about which mode of transport to prefer. And here, some will choose the train, believing that it is safer, while others will fly by plane, spending less time moving. And what kind of transport is actually considered the safest?

Public opinion

Sociological surveys conducted over the past few years, as a rule, show the same results. Of all modes of transport, passengers consider the train to be the safest.

Airplanes are among the most dangerous. Opinions about traveling by car were divided approximately equally. In a relationship maritime transport the public tends to rank it more as a safe mode of transportation. But this is only the opinion of passengers who are unlikely to study the statistics on accidents, disasters and deaths associated with them.

What do the statistics say?

If people put airplanes in the first place as the most dangerous way to travel, then the statistics say quite the opposite. The statistics are compiled in such a way that mortality is taken as the basis (number of dead people) per 160,000,000 km of distance traveled. So during flights, this parameter is only 0.6-0.7 people. Rail transport ranked second in terms of safety - mortality per 160,000,000 km of track is 0.9 people. The number of deaths in road traffic accidents is 1.6 people. Therefore, we can conclude that the plane is the safest mode of transport, and road transport is recognized as the most dangerous.

If you still doubt that flying is less dangerous than driving a car, then here are some more facts. In 2014, there were several plane crashes in the world that claimed 884 human lives. And only in our country in the first six months of 2014, more than 10,000 people died in car accidents. So what kind of transport will be safer? The answer is still obvious. Therefore, before the trip, it is worth weighing all the pros and cons, giving preference to one or another type of transport. And to get rid of the fear of flying (if anyone has any), here are some air facts.

1) An aircraft lands every three seconds in the world.

2) More people die from donkeys than in plane crashes.

3) If the chance of a daily catastrophe is at least 0.01 percent, then at least 13 aircraft must fall per day.

4) A plane crash cannot be an accident - it is always a combination of some factors.

5) Before each flight, the aircraft undergoes a rigorous inspection and a complex technical condition check.

6) Over 80 percent of people on our planet are afraid to fly on planes, and 5 percent categorically refuse to do so, preferring trains or ships.

7) An airplane cannot fall from a height of 10,000 km, as many people fear. There is a lot of pressure under the wings of an airplane, so it floats in the air in the same way that a car does on pavement.

8) Russian pilots do not drink at the helm - this is an invention of those people who are very afraid of flying.

Reading these facts, perhaps, will help to reduce aerophobia. However, they are unlikely to be able to help those five percent of people who do not want to board an aircraft at all under any pretext.