Presentation on the topic of Madagascar in geography. Madagascar General characteristics The Republic of Madagascar is an island nation located in southeastern Africa.

Madagascar Completed by: Popp Gabriella 29 gr. general characteristics The Republic of Madagascar is an island nation located in southeastern Africa. Madagascar is separated from Africa by the Mozambique Channel. The capital of the republic is the city of Antananarivo with a population of about one and a half million people. The territory of the state occupies 596 thousand square kilometers. The Republic of Madagascar is subdivided into 6 provinces. This country has two official languages Malagasy and French. The main religions in the republic are Christianity and Islam. The currency in Madagascar is the Malagasy franc. Climate One third of the territory of the Republic of Madagascar captures the highlands. highest point is the peak of Marumukutru and it is equal to 2876 meters. The eastern coast is occupied by the coastal lowland, and west coast- low plains. Among the minerals of the island you can find bauxite, graphite, iron, gold, limestone, quartz, cobalt, monazite, nickel, niobium, rubies, etc. The climate of the Republic of Madagascar is tropical. The average monthly air temperature in the lowlands ranges from plus 20 to 30 degrees Celsius, in the highlands the temperature ranges from 13 to 20 degrees Celsius. The amount of precipitation per year is from 1000 to 1500 millimeters. We also note that cyclones quite often occur on the east coast. There are many rivers flowing on this island. State structure Madagascar is a republic. There is a constitution that was adopted in 1992, as amended in 1998. The head of state and commander in chief is the president, who is elected by popular vote for a term of 5 years. The bicameral parliament consists of the Senate elected for 4 years and the National Assembly. . Coat of arms Flag Incumbent President Economy Madagascar is among the least developed countries in the world. About 75 percent of Madagascar's residents qualify as poor. The share of agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product is 34.5 percent. The main crops are: rice, bananas, corn, cassava and sweet potatoes. Animal husbandry and poultry farming are developed only for domestic consumption. Fishing is of industrial importance. . The mining industry is underdeveloped. The paper, woodworking, leather, furniture, brewing, tobacco and textile industries are being developed. Factories for the production of agricultural machinery, mineral fertilizers and cement, as well as enterprises for the manufacture of medicines, soap and glass, are actively operating. Development transport system complicates the mountainous nature of the terrain and strong cyclones. Cumulative length railways is equal to 893 kilometers, and automobile - 49.84 thousand kilometers. Ethnic composition Malagasy is an ethnic group that forms the main population of Madagascar. They speak Malagasy (Malgash), which belongs to the Indonesian group of the Austronesian language family. The total population is about 20 million people. The self-name goes back to the adjective from the word "Madagascar", thus, Malagasy is "Madagascar" in the Malagasy language, which in turn also means "Madagascar". Tourism In tourism plan the western coast of the island is the most developed, the east coast is more likely to see sharks. Nosy Be is the most popular beach resort in Madagascar. It is located 159 km southwest of the capital. Nosy Be area - 321 sq. km. Tourists love this island for its fun atmosphere - there are many restaurants and nightclubs, as well as for the calm coastal waters and clean beaches. The most popular beaches of Nosy Be are Andilana (in the north of the island), the beaches of nearby coral islands Tsarabanina, Ankarea, Nosy-Koba and Nosy-Iranya. Coral reefs stretch in the coastal waters of Madagascar, which are very popular among divers. Diving is best here from April to August. Underwater visibility all year round is 10-30 m. The most interesting dive sites of Madagascar are located in the vicinity of the island of Nosy Be. The main dive centers of the island are located in the Ambatoloaka area. local marine park Nosy Tanikeli is a paradise for diving enthusiasts. The diving depth in the park reaches 18 m, undersea world represented by turtles, octopuses, rays, parrotfish, clownfish and groupers. Very popular in Madagascar hiking in the reserves and parks of the country. There are many routes of various difficulty levels created here. IN national park Andringitra in the east of Madagascar are the second and third highest peaks of the island, to which hiking trails lead through the forests. national park Mount Amberg has a network of routes with a total length of 20 km. Isalu National Park, with its erosional landforms, is often compared to the Grand Canyon. The central plateau of the island is interesting with long mountain ranges and vast areas of flattened plateaus, wide valleys and an abundance of lakes. African, Asian and European cultures are mixed in the cities of Madagascar. Here you can see buildings made in the French style, colorful bustling markets and craft centers. The landscapes, flora and fauna of Madagascar are no less interesting, so tourists are offered numerous excursions to the protected areas of the island.

General characteristics The Republic of Madagascar is island nation, which is located on southeast Africa. Madagascar is separated from Africa by the Mozambique Channel. The capital of the republic is the city of Antananarivo with a population of about one and a half million people. The territory of the state occupies 596 thousand square kilometers. The Republic of Madagascar is subdivided into 6 provinces. The country has two official languages - Malagasy and French. The main religions in the republic are Christianity and Islam. The currency in Madagascar is the Malagasy franc. It is worth saying that June 26 in Madagascar is National holiday, as this day has been Independence Day since 1960. Madagascar has been a member of the United Nations since 1960, a member of the African Union since 2002, a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, a member of the Southern African Development Community, a member of the Indian Ocean Commission, a member of the Indian Ocean Association for Regional Cooperation since 1997, and a member of the Common Market of Eastern And South Africa since 1994.

Climate One third of the territory of the Republic of Madagascar captures the highlands. Note that the island has many extinct volcanoes earthquakes often occur. The highest point is Marumukutru peak and it is equal to 2876 meters. The eastern coast is occupied by the seaside lowland, and the western coast by low plains. Among the minerals of the island you can find bauxite, graphite, iron, gold, limestone, quartz, cobalt, monazite, nickel, niobium, rubies, sapphires, mica, titanium, coal, uranium, chromium. The climate of the Republic of Madagascar is tropical. The average monthly air temperature in the lowlands ranges from plus 20 to 30 degrees Celsius, in the highlands the temperature ranges from 13 to 20 degrees Celsius. The amount of precipitation per year is from 1000 to 1500 millimeters. We also note that cyclones quite often occur on the east coast. Many rivers flow on this island, most of which have rapids and waterfalls: Becibuka, Ikupa, Manguki, Mahavawi, Sufia, Unilahi and many others.

Government Madagascar is a republic. There is a constitution that was adopted in 1992, as amended in 1998. The head of state and commander in chief is the president, who is elected by popular vote for a term of 5 years. The bicameral parliament consists of the Senate elected for 4 years and the National Assembly. The judicial system is based on civil law France using common law. There are supreme constitutional, high, supreme and appellate courts, as well as courts for civil and criminal cases. The armed forces are 13.5 thousand people (including the army - 12.5 thousand people, the navy - 500 people and air Force with the same number). 7.5 thousand people serve in the gendarmerie units.

Economy Madagascar is among the least developed countries in the world. About 75 percent of Madagascar's residents qualify as poor, with a per capita income of approximately $260. The share of agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product is 34.5 percent. The main crops are: rice, bananas, corn, cassava and sweet potatoes. Animal husbandry and poultry farming are developed only for domestic consumption. Fishing is of industrial importance. In 2003, the share of industry in GDP was 7.8 percent. The mining industry is underdeveloped. The paper, woodworking, leather, furniture, brewing, tobacco and textile industries are being developed. Factories for the production of agricultural machinery, mineral fertilizers and cement, as well as enterprises for the manufacture of medicines, soap and glass, are actively operating. The development of the transport system complicates the mountainous nature of the terrain and strong cyclones. The total length of railways is 893 kilometers, and of automobile roads - 49.84 thousand kilometers.

Ethnic composition Malagasy is an ethnic group that forms the main population of Madagascar. They speak Malagasy (Malgash), which belongs to the Indonesian group of the Austronesian language family. The total population is about 20 million people. The self-name goes back to the adjective from the word "Madagascar", thus, Malagasy is "Madagascar" in the Malagasy language, which in turn also means "Madagascar".

Tourism Madagascar is often referred to as the "dream island". The island attracts tourists with the beauty of nature, the splendor and diversity of flora and fauna, as well as the uniqueness of the national culture. In 2007, more than 170,000 foreign tourists visited Madagascar. Most tourists came from France, Mauritius, USA, Canada, Italy and Germany. Revenues from tourist visits in 2007 amounted to more than $100 million. Most tourists usually visit presidential palace, museum of national music, handicraft market, Portuguese forts, Arab mosques and shopping arcades, national parks. special attention Andasibe, Berenti, Isalu, Montagne d'Ambre, Tsaratanana, Lukube, Tsimbazaza and many others reserves deserve it.

Society Education. The first schools were opened by British missionaries in the city of Antananarivo with a mandatory 5-year primary education that children receive from the age of 6 to 11 years. Secondary education (7 years) begins at the age of 11 and takes place in two cycles - 4 and 3 years. Healthcare. Yellow fever and malaria are common. The lack of clean drinking water (47% of the population has constant access to it) leads to outbreaks of intestinal infectious diseases, incl. bilharzia. In 2003, there were 140 thousand AIDS patients and HIV-infected people, 7.5 thousand people died. In 2001, 42% of the population had access to health care. 3.5 thousand doctors are registered, of which 2.38 thousand are in the capital and its environs (2005). According to the United Nations report on the human development of the planet (2001), Madagascar was in 149th place in the ranking of countries. Architecture, art and crafts. Folk dwellings are rectangular (rarely round) in terms of huts under a gabled gable roof, the proportions are elongated upwards. At home in different areas the islands differ only in the building material used. The craftsmen of the Zafimanira people decorate the roofs, doors and shutters of dwellings with skillful carved ornaments of a sculptural and geometric nature. (On the basis of their carved products, the industrial production of furniture began on the island in the 19th century). IN modern cities houses are built of brick and reinforced concrete structures. Music. National music has a long tradition, formed under the influence of Arabic (primarily Egyptian), African and European (primarily French) musical cultures. In the 20th century she was influenced by Latin American tunes and modern pop culture.

MADAGASCAR

Performed by students of grade 11 "B" Balueva Anastasia and Baraulya Daria

Introduction

This place allows you to combine relaxing beach holiday with the opportunity to see amazing landscapes, unique plants and animals with your own eyes.

The uniqueness of the natural wealth of Madagascar is not at all exaggerated: you will not find a significant part of the representatives of the local flora and fauna anywhere else in the world.

Coat of arms, Flag, Anthem.

The anthem of Madagascar was written in 1958 and exists in 2 languages: Malagasy and French
Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô Ry Madagasikara soa…

Geography of the location

Madagascar is an island off the southeast coast of Africa. Its entire territory, 587 thousand square kilometers, is occupied by the state of the same name with the capital Antananarivo.

Form of government. Head of state.

Form of government: parliamentary republic
President: Eri Radzaunarimampianina

Natural resources

Major minerals and Natural resources Madagascar: graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, tar sand, gems, mica, fish.

Population (as of 2010)

21281844 people
Birth rate: 38 births per 1000 inhabitants
Urbanization: urban population: 29% of total population (2008)
urbanization growth: +3.8% per year
Sex ratio 1:1
State languages: English, French, Malagasy

Branches of the economy

The main agricultural products of Madagascar are: coffee, vanillin, cane sugar, cloves, cocoa, paddy rice, cassava, legumes, bananas, peanuts.

Industries

The main types of industry (industry) of Madagascar: meat, soap production, brewing, leather, sugar, textile, glass, cement, car assembly, pulp, oil production, tourism.

TOURISM

Tourism in Madagascar is one of the main sources of economic growth in the country.

Ecotourism

The island of Madagascar is widely known in the world as a place of a huge accumulation of endemic species (about 80% of the total species composition) of the animal and flora. The exceptionally rich and diverse flora and fauna of the island attract not only numerous scientists, but also tourists from all over the world.

Among the endemics of Madagascar are: lemurs, mungos, civets, nezomyids, fosses, radiant and spider turtles, rakshas, shepherd partridges, various lizards, spiders, bats and many other amazing creatures.

Resorts are located throughout the greater Madagascar, but in general it is considered that it is better to relax on the west coast, where there are much fewer sharks than on the east. All the beaches of the country can boast of magnificent landscapes, large light sand, beautiful transparent ocean.

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Madagascar is truly a fragment of Noah's Ark in Indian Ocean, which has become a haven for a wide variety of exotic species of animals, as well as plants ... Republic of Madagascar Kolpashchikova A. 11th grade GBOU school No. 104 of St. Petersburg Teacher Shizhenskaya N.N.

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Business card countries Authorities Parliamentary republic, President - Mark Ravalomanana Religion About half of the population adheres to local traditional beliefs, Christians - 40%, Muslims and Buddhists.

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Full name is Madagascar; Madagascar Capital-Antananarivo; President Andri Nirina Radzuelina Form of government - Provisional Government

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Flag Consists of three stripes: vertical white and horizontal red and green. The colors reflect the history of Madagascar, the desire for independence. Red and white were the colors of the Merina Kingdom. Green was the color of the Hov tribe, a class of peasant community members. Flag The national flag of Madagascar is a panel with three stripes: vertical white and horizontal, red, and green. The colors of the flag reflect the history of Madagascar, the desire for independence and the traditional classes of society. Red and white were the colors of the Merina Kingdom, the Merina being the largest ethnic group within the Malagasy people. Green was the color of the Hov tribe, a class of peasant community members. The flag was adopted on 10/14/1958. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3

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The Emblem is a yellow disc. In the center is a schematic map of the island, and below the head of Zebu. On the sides of the circle are ears of wheat - a symbol of the prosperity of agriculture. The inscriptions on the coat of arms are made in the Malagasy language, which in translation means: "Motherland, Freedom, Development."

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The state structure of Madagascar is a republic. The head of state is the president, who is elected by popular vote for a term of 5 years. Executive power is concentrated in the hands of the Government headed by the Prime Minister. The legislative body of Madagascar is a bicameral parliament consisting of the Senate and the National Assembly.

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Natural resources Coal, ilmenite, nickel, two large oil deposits discovered in the south

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Rich in rapids rivers; Natural treasures Montagne d'Ambre waterfall Dead lake Madagascar's greatest wonder dead lake- 400 meters deep, black water. The lake seems to be sandwiched between granite rocks. No animal or fish lives in this lake. And not one person in the entire history could swim across it, although the lake is very tiny - only 50 by 100 meters, and the water temperature does not change all year round - + 15 degrees Celsius. p p p

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Only 10% is covered with forests.

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Madagascar has deposits of bauxite, graphite, limestone, quartz, cobalt, nickel, coal, iron ore, gold, rubies and sapphires. Minerals apatite beryl Oceanic jasper scapolite

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Long ago in Madagascar there were many active volcanoes. Recent eruptions were more than 6 thousand years ago, now only the valley of geysers reminds of those times. Amparaku geysers

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There are 7 small hydroelectric power plants in Madagascar, which provide about 65% of the country's total energy. The other 20% of electricity is produced by small diesels and power units. An important source of energy on the island, no matter how ridiculous it may seem, is firewood. energy

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population Mixing of all three human races gave the world the most interesting people - Malagasy.

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a brief description of characteristics data Population 22 million people Density 37.4 per km Urban population 29% Ethnic composition Malagasy fertility 5.1 births per woman Average duration Male-61, Female-65 Languages Malagasy, French

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Lamba is the national dress of the inhabitants of Madagascar. This is a piece of fabric with a bright pattern or pattern, measuring 80 cm by 1.5 m. It is wrapped around the body, tucking in one end. Young girls and city women tie a lamba above their chests, rural women, as a rule, walk with an open chest, wearing it on their hips. Underwear is not worn under such clothes. It is not uncommon to meet a man in a lamba tied at his belt. National clothes

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Features of etiquette in communication between Malagasy The younger ones are the first to greet the elders The younger one should not slap the elder on the shoulder and show other traits of familiarity At meals, you can’t take a spoon and eat before the elders Gifts are accepted by exposing both palms The son does not shave while his father is alive (in some areas countries) If an old man sits on the way, you need to ask permission to get around him (not in crowded places) Bypassing parents or important people, they also ask permission to pass and make a movement with their right hand that imitates sweeping the floor (this is not required only in the market) Stay single and not having a family is a misfortune, an old bachelor is a universal laughing stock According to tradition, all family money is kept by the wife

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industry Industry The mining industry is poorly developed. Paper, woodworking, leather, furniture, brewing, tobacco and textile industries are developing. There is a large oil refinery, plants for the production of agricultural machinery, mineral fertilizers and cement, as well as enterprises for the manufacture of medicines, soap and glass. Economy The economy of Madagascar is generally regarded as developing. The main sectors of the economy of Madagascar are Agriculture, fishing and cultivation of spices and spices for export. The main exports are coffee, vanilla (Madagascar is the world's largest producer), cocoa powder, sugarcane, rice, tapioca, legumes, bananas and peanuts. There is a well-known incident when the Coca-Cola company switched from real vanilla to synthetic, which was a significant blow to the economy of the republic.

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The mining industry is underdeveloped. Paper, woodworking, leather, furniture, brewing, tobacco and textile industries are developing. There is a large oil refinery, plants for the production of agricultural machinery, mineral fertilizers and cement, as well as enterprises for the manufacture of medicines, soap and glass. Industry is poorly developed, mainly represented by the processing of agricultural raw materials. There are also enterprises in the cement, pulp and paper, paint and varnish, pharmaceutical, and mechanical engineering industries (assembly of automobiles). Crafts are developed - weaving, woodcarving, weaving, painting on ceramics.

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The economy of Madagascar is generally regarded as developing. The main sectors of the economy of Madagascar are agriculture, fishing and the cultivation of spices and spices for export. Organizations: un, sco (dialogue partners), fao, magate, unesco, imf, mot

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soils - yellow soils and red soils - red ferrapite tall grass savannas - brown-red and red-brown savannas and dry forests climate - subequatorial zone - tropical zone 3500 mm per year; Average t on the coast +21–27°C, and on the central plateau +13–19°C;

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Export partners: France, USA, Germany, Italy, UK Import partners: France, China, Iran, Mauritius, Hong Kong Export import Coffee, vanilla, fish, sugar fuel, food

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tourism Tourism One of the most unique corners Earth, a fragment of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar is a mini-continent, literally saturated with exotic life forms, many of which are found only here. Madagascar is often called the "dream island", "the heart of the sunken continent". Foreign tourists are attracted here by the beauty of natural landscapes, the richness and diversity of flora and fauna, as well as the originality of the national culture. Unfortunately, the development of the tourism industry is hindered by political instability.

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Madagascar is located in the southern tropic region, so it is warm here all year round. Length coastline the island is 4800 km. Along the entire coast of Madagascar there are quiet lagoons with beaches from white sand surrounded by coral reefs with a colorful underwater world. beach holiday

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The most popular beaches of Nosy Be are Andilana (in the north of the island), the beaches of the nearby coral islands of Tsarabanina, Ankarea, Nosy Coba and Nosy Iranya.

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In Madagascar, hiking in the reserves and parks of the country is very popular. There are many routes of various difficulty levels created here. In the Andringitra National Park in the east of Madagascar, the second and third highest peaks of the island are located, to which hiking trails lead through the forests. HIKING

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Tsingy de Bemaraha is known for the karst plateau on which the "stone forest" is located. On a vast territory, nature has formed many pointed peaks and rocks of limestone origin. Also in the reserve there are many swamps, mangroves, lakes, untouched forests that are the habitat a large number plant and animal species, including the lemur. The Tsingy de Bemaraha Nature Reserve is a world heritage UNESCO. "Stone Forest"

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Nosy Be is one of the centers international tourism, which is known palm forests, plantations of sugar cane, ylang-ylang, bamboo groves and beautiful beaches. The main highlight of the island is the underwater world Nosy Be Island

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What do they like to eat? The basis of the entire cuisine is rice in various combinations with various fillings - meat, cheese, vegetables, seafood and, of course, sauce and spices. Sauces are also plentiful, ranging from the traditional local tomato-garlic and spicy `achard` sauce, to the already cosmopolitan curry and soy sauce. It is worth trying zebu fillet fried on coals with fragrant herbs and zebu meat in tomato-garlic sauce `henombi ritra`, as well as pork with crushed cassava leaves `henakiso si ravitoto` or with eel, tomatoes and onions - `henakiso si armalona`, meat stew with tomatoes and spices `rumazava`, long strips of smoked cured or fried meat `quitoza`, meat on a spit `paus masikita`, assorted beef or pork stew with cassava `ravitutu`, goose liver, and grilled chicken with bananas and corn salad with chicken. And what is definitely present on the local table in abundance is fruits (`wuankazu`) - exotic lychees and anona, traditional persimmons and mangoes, guava and strawberries, bananas of all varieties and pineapples, and, of course, coconuts that are consumed here in so many ways that it's easy to get confused. Fruits and vegetables are also used as a side dish - cassava, pickles, green papaya, peppers are added to meat dishes. Rice and coconut pudding `gudzugudzu`, traditional rice flour cakes with sugar `mukari` and a variety of pies are constantly on the table.

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The basis of the cuisine is rice with all kinds of additives, sauces, meat, vegetables, cheeses, seafood, boiled herbs and spices in various variations. In the south, rice is replaced with corn grits. Rumazava royal (romazava royal) - herb and vegetable broth or thick legume soup with meat or fish. Often served with boiled rice. A traditional dish- zebu meat and boiled carrots henakisua sy amalona (henakisoa sy amalona) - pork stewed with eel, tomatoes and onions. Fish in vanilla sauce - traditional Madagascar Shrimps in white salad sauce Ranun'ampangu - rice water. This is the most common and beloved drink on the island. It is made from leftover cooked rice. Dessert. Before you fried banana with persimmon Samusa - triangular pies with meat and vegetable filling Dessert koba ravina - sweet banana pie with peanuts, baked in banana leaves

Tyunyakin Vladislav gr. Yu-12

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Madagascar Completed by: Tyunyakin Vladislav Group Yu-12 GOU SPO "Siberian Polytechnic College"

Anthem: Oh, dear Motherland, Beautiful Madagascar, Love for you is unchanged. And will never run out. Give you, God, the Island of our ancestors, Joy and prosperity, And this is happiness for us Oh, dear Motherland, With all our heart, soul and body, With everything that we have dear, We dream to serve you. Oh, dear Motherland, We hope that the one who created the universe Will bless you And be the master of your destiny. Coat of arms of Madagascar

Geography Madagascar is the fourth largest island in the world, located in the Indian Ocean, off the east coast of Africa, separated from it by the Mozambique Channel. The climate is tropical. The extreme south of the island is often referred to as the subtropics. The length of the island is about 1600 km, the width is over 600 km, and the area is 587,040 km². The island is the state of Madagascar (the capital of Antananarivo).

Climate The climate of the state is divided into three climatic zones: in the south of the country there is mainly a dry desert climate, in the central part it is tropical, in the north - equatorial monsoon. average temperature in summer months: from November to March 25-30 degrees above zero, in winter months: from April to October 15-20 degrees above zero

Politics The parliament is bicameral - the National Assembly of 127 deputies is elected by the population for a 4-year term, the Senate (100 seats) is filled by two-thirds of the representatives of the provincial assemblies, one-third is appointed by the president. Mark Ravalomanana

Language The entire population of Madagascar speaks Malagasy, which belongs to the same group as Indonesian, Malay. The second language used is mainly French, but also English.

Religion Catholicism, Christianity and Islam About 45% of the population professes Christianity, belonging to the Roman Catholic Church and Protestantism. Most believers are trying to combine the cult of ancestors with Christian traditions. The rest of the population (about 7%) practices Islam. Since the 90s of the XX century, Orthodoxy began to spread on the island.

Culture The art of the most ancient tribes of Madagascar is hidden from prying eyes, because it existed only in the imagination of every person and was not taken out of it. This feature is associated with the special secrecy of this ethnic group and sensitivity to evaluation by others. The cultural origins of the inhabitants of the island originate from the Austronesian culture and the culture of the Bantu tribes. In music, this influence was reflected in the choice of instruments and the style of singing. A living example of the successful coexistence of two different cultures is the Malagasy's preference for two essentially opposite instruments - the African drum and the valikh, an Indonesian string-plucked instrument.

Theater also plays a significant role in the culture of the people. Here he acts not just as a means of demonstrating something, but for the purpose of edification and inducement to goodness. The art of oratory is especially honored. Everywhere there is a peculiar combination of theater and singing - hiragashi, which plays not only a spiritual and entertaining, but also a political and educational role. During the performance of hiragashi, artists compete with each other in music, dance and oratory. It was first used in the 18th century by the first king of Madagascar to draw attention to his political speeches when he was still a prince. Later, the artists themselves began to include political satire in the numbers, and the audience was actively involved in the performance process through applause or hooting. Even now, aspiring politicians resort to the help of such hiragashi troupes. Later, the Malagasy people were influenced by Eastern and European civilizations (especially French culture). This manifested itself in architecture (the construction of rectangular houses elongated upwards with a sharp roof), in cuisine (French pastries are widespread on the island) and in language (French is the second official here).

Cuisine The cuisine of Madagascar mainly consists of rice dishes (vari) with a side dish (lauca). In the south, rice is sometimes replaced with crushed dried corn. A significant influence on Malagasy cuisine was culinary traditions France, China and India, and to a lesser extent East African coupled with Arab.

Unlike African cuisine, Malagasy is not characterized by very spicy dishes, but recently there have appeared spicy semi-finished sauces made on the coast from traditional fruits (mango, lemon, etc.), which are gaining popularity in the country. Some of these sauces are served with the popular lasari salad, karauti, which consists of beans, cabbage and carrots.

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