The crash of the 154 latest versions. Humanitarian assistance during military conflicts

Occur almost annually since the start of flights of this type of aircraft. From 1973 to 2011, there were only a few years during which there would not have been a single incident related to the Tu-154.

In total, 72 Tu-154 aircraft were lost in accidents and disasters. largest Tu-154 crash(and all Soviet aviation) occurred on July 10, 1985 near Uchkuduk. The overloaded plane fell into a tailspin due to the fault of the crew. There were 200 people on board, all of them died.

In general, despite the fact that, according to some pilots, the Tu-154 is too complicated for mass passenger liner and requires highly qualified both flight and ground personnel, this airliner has established itself as a completely reliable and safe aircraft. Moreover, Tu-154 crashes do not always happen due to the fault of technology.

Of course, airliner problems happen, but more often they occur on aircraft that are overused and do not receive appropriate maintenance. In addition, errors of the crew, dispatchers, or other circumstances often lead to disasters. For example, in 2011, a civilian flight flying over the Black Sea was mistakenly shot down by a Ukrainian air defense missile during an exercise…

Of the recent disasters, it is worth noting Polish Tu-154, which crashed near Smolensk in 2010. On that plane is the President of Poland with his wife, as well as many high-ranking officials. They all died.

But there are also better outcomes. In 2010, a plane with failed engines was able to land safely at an abandoned airfield in Izhma. This legendary Alrosa company saved the lives of 81 people.

The table below provides a short list of all Tu-154 crashes compiled by Wikipedia.

date	Board number	Location of the incident	Victims/On board	Short description
19.02.1973	85023	Prague	66/100	Crashed before flying 470 meters to the runway.
03.1973	n.a.	Kyiv	0/n.a.	Crashed.
07.05.1973	85030	Vnukovo	0/6	Crashed while on a training flight.
10.07.1974	SU-AXB	Cairo	6/6	Crashed while on a training flight.
30.09.1975	HA-LCI	Beirut	60/60	Flight Budapest-Beirut, crashed in the sea while landing.
01.06.1976	85102	Malabo	46/46	Crashed into a mountain while landing.
1976	85020	Kyiv	0/n.a.	Rough landing. Now in Ukrainian state museum aviation.
02.12.1977	LZ-BTN	Benghazi	59/165	Failed to land in fog, ran out of fuel in search of an alternate airfield and made a rough landing.
23.03.1978	LZ-BTB	near Damascus	4/4	Crashed while landing.
19.05.1978	85169	Maksatikha	4/134	Due to a flight engineer's mistake, the fuel supply was cut off, he made an emergency landing in the field.
18.02.1978	85087	Tolmachevo	0/n.a.	Fire on board. The surviving tail of the liner was filmed in the movie The Crew.
01.03.1980	85103	Orenburg	0/161	Rough landing with fuselage deformation.
07.07.1980	85355	Alma-Ata	164/164	Crashed on takeoff. Wind shear.
07.08.1980	YP-TPH	Mauritania	1/168	Wrong water landing 300 m before the runway.
08.10.1980	85321	Chita	0/n.a.	Rough landing.
13.06.1981	85029	Bratsk	0/n.a.	During landing, it rolled out of the wet runway, the tail came off along the 28th row.
20.09.1981	85448	Tashkent	n.a.	Burnt out while refueling.
16.11.1981	85480	Norilsk	99/167	Rough landing 470 meters from runway due to elevator failure.
21.10.1981	HA-LCF	Prague	0/81	Rough landing due to crew error.
11.10.1984	85243	Omsk	4+174/179	Collided with aircraft during landing. Manager error.
23.12.1984	85338	Krasnoyarsk	110/110	The fire of the third engine and the failure of the hydraulic systems.
10.07.1985	85311	Uchkuduk	200/200	The overloaded aircraft fell into a flat spin at supercritical angles of attack due to the fault of the crew.
1986	7O-ACN	Aden	n.a.	Details are unknown. At this time, a civil war was going on in the country.
21.05.1986	85327	Domodedovo	0/175	Received a residual deformation of the structure in flight due to erroneous actions of the crew. The plane has been turned into a training aid.
18.01.1988	85254	Krasnovodsk	11/143	Rough landing, as a result the fuselage broke in half.
08.03.1988	85413	Veshchevo	9/n. d.	Blown up on the ground by Ovechkin terrorists.
24.09.1988	85479	Aleppo	0/168	Wind shear, rough landing, plane broke in two.
24.09.1988	85617	Norilsk	0/n.a.	Rough landing. The plane has been turned into a training aid.
13.01.1989	85067	Monrovia	0/n.a.	Takeoff aborted due to overload, overrun from the runway.
09.02.1989	YR-TPJ	Bucharest	5/5	Training flight. Crashed on takeoff due to engine failure.
20.10.1990	85186	Kutaisi	0/171	Due to overload at the limiting front centering, the nose landing gear broke.
17.11.1990	85664	Czech	0/6	He was transporting cigarettes from Switzerland, the cargo caught fire in flight. The pilots landed the plane in a field, where it burned down completely.
23.05.1991	85097	Pulkovo	2+13/178	Rough landing, the landing gear gave way and the plane fell apart.
14.09.1991	CU-T1227	mexico city	0/112
05.06.1992	LZ-BTD	Varna	0/130	When landing in a downpour, it skidded off the runway.
18.06.1992	85282	Bratsk	1+0/0	Burnt out while refueling. The foreman of tankers died, having led a burning fuel truck away from the airport terminal.
18.06.1992	85234	Bratsk	0/0	Burned out during refueling along with board 85282.
20.07.1992	85222	Tbilisi	4+24/24	Crashed on takeoff due to overload.
01.08.1992	YA-TAP	Kabul	0/0	Destroyed in the parking lot by mortar fire. Before that, it was hit during the landing approach, but then the damage was not very significant
05.09.1992	85269	Kyiv	0/147	Return to the airport, left landing gear failed, rough landing.
13.10.1992	85528	Vladivostok	0/67
05.12.1992	85105	Yerevan	0/154	On landing, it skidded off the runway.
19.01.1993	85533	Delhi	0/165	Rough landing due to pilot error overrunning the runway.
08.02.1993	EP-ITD	near Tehran	2+131/131	Collided in the air with the Iranian Air Force Su-22.
22.09.1993	85163	Sukhumi	108/132	Damaged by a missile fired by Abkhazian forces while landing at Sukhumi airport. The crew tried to land, but as a result of a rough collision with the runway, a fire started on board.
23.09.1993	85359	Sukhumi	0/0	Came under fire from the Abkhaz troops.
25.12.1993	85296	Grozny	0/172	Rough landing - nose landing gear broke. Destroyed at a repair site during an airstrike on December 1, 1994.
03.01.1994	85656	Irkutsk	1+125/125	Engine fire during takeoff, causing failure of hydraulic systems.
06.06.1994	B-2610	Xi'an	160/160	Broke up in the air due to overloads with an incorrectly configured autopilot.
21.01.1995	85455	Karachi	0/117	Could not take off due to overload, rolled out of the runway.
07.12.1995	85164	Khabarovsk	98/98	Asymmetric pumping of fuel from tanks; The PIC mistakenly increased the formed right roll and the flight became uncontrollable.
29.08.1996	85621	Longyearbyen	141/141	Crashed into a mountain while landing. Crew error.
13.09.1997	11+02	Namibia	24/24	Military. Collided mid-air with a US Air Force C-141.
15.12.1997	85281	Sharjah	85/86	Landing to the runway. Crew error.
29.08.1998	CU-T1264	Quito	10+70/91	Aborted takeoff, the aircraft skidded off the runway and caught fire.
24.02.1999	B-2622	Rui'an	61/61	During the descent, a technical failure occurred.
04.07.2000	HA-LCR	Thessaloniki	0/76	Couldn't go around due to heavy braking so as not to collide with another aircraft on a busy runway.
03.07.2001	85845	Irkutsk	145/145	Crashed on approach due to pilot error.
04.10.2001	85693	Black Sea	78/78	Erroneously shot down by a Ukrainian air defense missile during an exercise.
12.02.2002	EP-MBS	Khorremabad	119/119	Crashed on descent.
20.02.2002	EP-LBX	Mashhad	0/n.a.	Rough landing. Damaged during repairs at Vnukovo, decommissioned.
01.07.2002	85816	Überlingen	69/69	Collided in the air with a Boeing 757 due to controller errors.
24.08.2004	85556	Millerovo	46/46	Blown up in the air by a suicide bomber.
22.08.2006	85185	Donetsk	170/170	Aircraft commander's mistake: attempt to overfly a thunderstorm front at maximum altitude. Falling into a "flat spin".
01.09.2006	EP-MCF	Mashhad	29/147	A tire burst on landing, the aircraft skidded off the runway and caught fire.
30.06.2008	85667	Pulkovo	0/112	Engine fire on takeoff. Takeoff aborted, aircraft decommissioned.
08.05.2009	EP-MCR	near Mashhad	0/169	Caught in severe turbulence, damaged by hail. Decommissioned.
15.07.2009	EP-CPG	near Qazvin	168/168	Destruction of the engine on the echelon. Lost control and crashed.
24.01.2010	85787	Mashhad	0/170	During a rough landing, the tail fell off the liner, a fire started.
10.04.2010	101	Smolensk	96/96	Crashed on test approach in dense fog. On board was Polish President Lech Kaczynski and other dignitaries.
04.12.2010	85744	Domodedovo	2/163	Failure of two engines after takeoff from Vnukovo. During an emergency landing at Domodedovo, it skidded off the runway and fell apart.
01.01.2011	85588	Surgut	3/134	In preparation for takeoff, a fire broke out on board: the causes are being investigated, the most likely is a malfunction of electrical equipment.

On the morning of December 25, 2016, it happened. 20 minutes after departure from Adler airport (5.20 Moscow time), the crew did not get in touch. Worst fears confirmed emergency services the region said the plane had crashed.

Chronicle of events

The plane was flying from Sochi to Syrian Latakia. According to the first data, there were 92 people on board the Tu-154, including, according to the representative of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the musicians of the Song and Dance Ensemble of the Russian Army named after A. V. Aleksandrov, crew members, the film crew of Channel One, NTV journalists, the team of the Zvezda TV channel ", as well as accompanying persons.

The artists were supposed to congratulate the air group of the Aerospace Forces at the Khmeimim airbase on the New Year. According to the leader of the song and dance of the Russian army named after A.V. Alexandrov Vadim Ananiev, a small performance was planned, consisting of 15 works. He, like several other artists, was lucky not to be on board the Tu-154 that got into a plane crash.

List of those killed in the Tu-154 crash

The crew of the Tu-154 85572

Mr. Volkov R.A.
Dr. Rovensky A.V.
s/n Petukhov A.N.
Dr. Mamonov A.V.
Art. l-t Hairdressers V.N.
Mr. Tregubov V.A.
Art. Dr. Sushkov B.C.
Art. l-t Sukhanov A.O.

List of persons carried on an aircraft

Military personnel:

g/l-t Khalilov V.M.
colonel Khasanov A.B.
colonel Vaganov N.I.
colonel Ivanov A.Yu.
p/p-to Kolosovsky A.V.
Mr. Dolinsky A.I.
colonel Negrub A.N.
Dr. Abrosimov S.S.

Federal government civil servants:

Gubankov A.N.
Badrutdinova O.T.

International public organization"Fair Help":

Glinka E.P.

Mass media:

Runkov D.A.
Denisov V.V.
Soydov A.A.
Luzhetsky M.V.
Obukhov P.K.
Pestov O.M.
Rzhevsky V.V.
Suranov A.A.
Tolstov E.V.

FBGU "Ensemble named after. Alexandrova":

Sonnikov A.V.
Guzhova L.A.
Ivashko A.N.
Brodsky V.A.
Bulochnikov E.V.
Golikov V.V.
Osipov G.L.
Sanin V.V.
Mayorov K.V.
Buryachenko B.B.
Babovnikov D.V.
Bazdyrev A.K.
Belonozhko D.M.
Beschastnov D.A.
Vasin M.A.
Georgiyan O.P.
Davidenko K.A.
Deniskin S.I.
Zhuravlev P.V.
Zakirov P.P.
Ivanov M.A.
Ivanov A.V.
Kotlyar S.A.
Kochemasov A.S.
Krivtsov A.A.
Litvyakov D.N.
Mokrikov A.O.
Morgunov A.A.
Nasibulin Zh.A.
Novokshanov Yu.M.
Polyakov V.V.
Saveliev A.V.
Sokolovsky A.V.
Tarasenko A.N.
Trofimov A.S.
Uzlovsky A.A.
Khalimon V.L.
Shtuko A.A.
Kryuchkov I.A.
Ermolin V.I.
Bykov S.L.
Kolobrodov K.A.
Korzanov O.V.
Larionov I.F.
Lyashenko K.I.
Mikhalin V.K.
senior s-t Popov V.A.
Razumov A.A.
Serov A.S.
Shakhov I.V.
Archukova A.A.
Gilmanova P.P.
Ignatieva N.V.
Klokotova M.A.
Korzanova E.I.
Pyreva L.A.
Satarova V.I.
Trofimova D.S.
Khorosheva L.N.
Tsvirinko A.I.
Shagun O.Yu.
Gurar L.I.
Sulimanov B.R.
Stolyar I.V.

The resonance is caused by known as Dr. Lisa. According to a number of media reports, a well-known philanthropist flew to Syria on another flight, but the assumptions did not come true - the Russian philanthropist and executive director of the Fair Aid Foundation was included in the list of those who died during the Tu-154 crash on December 25, 2016.

Search and rescue operations

Search and rescue operations increased momentum in the crash zone of the Russian Defense Ministry. The wreckage of the Tu-154 aircraft was found at a depth of 50-70 meters, 1.5 km from the Black Sea coast. 5.5 km from coastline personal belongings of the passengers on board were found.

RIA News

According to the latest data, rescuers found 10 bodies. Personalities have not yet been established - the identification will take place in Moscow. A search area of 10.5 square kilometers has been formed. More than 3,000 people take part in the operation, 27 ships and vessels are involved.

Causes of the Tu-154 crash

One of the main reasons for the Tu-154 crash on December 25, 2016 could be design feature aircraft. According to Viktor Pryadok, General Director of the Alliance of Aviation Technologies Avintel, the Tu-154 has an angle of attack warning mode of about 16-17 degrees, from which the aircraft can no longer exit if it continues to climb vigorously immediately after takeoff. The expert believes that the pilot could not take into account this feature.

According to another expert, the ex-shift supervisor of the main center of the unified system of organization air traffic Russia Vitaly Andreev, the current situation " may indicate that an emergency situation has developed on board - either external influence on the car, or a meeting with an obstacle that was unlikely to be there».

“Those versions of problems on board that are now being voiced - unbalance of the rudders, deviation from the established flight path - definitely could not prevent the crew from transmitting a signal to the ground about this,” says Andreev.

World reaction

The Tu-154 plane crash on December 25, 2016 shocked the world and caused a wide resonance. Condolences are expressed personally by the President of Russia, who signed a decree declaring mourning in connection with the crash of the Tu-154.

Condolences to the families of the victims were expressed by both world leaders and the caring population, laying flowers at the Russian embassies in their countries.

The genetic examination of the bodies of those killed in the Tu-154 plane crash in the Sochi region will be carried out by forensic experts from the Russian Defense Ministry. This was announced by the official representative of the Russian Defense Ministry, Major General Igor Konashenkov.

“A decision was made to deliver all those who died in the Tu-154 plane crash of the Russian Ministry of Defense to Moscow for identification and genetic testing by specialists from the 111th Main State Center for Forensic and Forensic Examinations of the Russian Ministry of Defense,” Konashenkov said at a briefing.

On the morning of December 25, information appeared that a Tu-154 aircraft of the Russian Ministry of Defense flying from Sochi to the Khmeimim airbase had disappeared from radar.

Before the crash in the Tu-154 something extreme happened, expert

The fall of the Tu-154 into the Black Sea immediately after takeoff from Adler airport could have been preceded by an extreme situation on board, which prevented the crew from transmitting a distress signal to the ground, according to Vitaly Andreev, former shift supervisor of the main center of the unified air traffic management system of Russia.

“After takeoff and a short flight - two minutes - the plane lost communication and did not transmit a signal to the ground about any problems, this may indicate that an emergency situation has developed on board - either external influence on the car, or a meeting with an obstacle, which was hardly there, ”says Andreev, who has worked in aviation for 47 years.

He adds that "the Tu-154 is a very reliable machine, and miracles do not happen, they just don't fall."

“In my practice, there were cases when Tu-154s landed when all three engines failed, or, for example, the famous landing in the taiga on an abandoned strip,” the expert adds.

“Those versions of problems on board that are now being voiced - unbalance of the rudders, deviation from the established flight path - definitely could not prevent the crew from transmitting a signal to the ground about this,” Andreev added.

“It means that something extreme has happened, from practice - such situations are possible when a ship is hijacked,” he added.

The expert clarified that the data of the self-written intercom (SPU) "with an accuracy of 99.99% will be able to explain what was happening in the cockpit at the time of the disaster."

The Tu-154 aircraft of the Russian Defense Ministry, which was heading to Syria, crashed in the Black Sea on Sunday morning.

According to the military department, there were 92 people on board - eight crew members and 84 passengers, including eight military men, 64 artists of the Alexandrov Ensemble, nine representatives of Russian television channels, the head of the Fair Aid charity foundation Elizaveta Glinka, known as Doctor Liza, two federal civil servants.

The version of the terrorist attack on the Tu-154 aircraft is practically excluded - source

The large spread of debris from the crashed Tu-154 near Sochi is explained by a water hammer, a source in emergency services told Interfax.

“Apparently, when the aircraft collided with the water surface, there was a water hammer, which led to a large spread of debris,” the source said.

In turn, a source in law enforcement agencies told Interfax that a terrorist attack was not considered among the main versions of the disaster, and such a version was practically excluded.

“The plane took off from the Chkalovsky airfield, which is a well-guarded military facility. It is not possible to penetrate there in order to plant an explosive device on board. In turn, the airport in Sochi is a dual-use airport and is heavily guarded. The penetration of unauthorized persons, or the carrying of unauthorized items by any of the employees is excluded, ”the source said.

Konashenkov: 27 ships and vessels, 37 divers, 4 helicopters, UAVs and remote-controlled deep-sea vehicles are involved in the search for the aircraft

Briefing by the official representative of the Russian Ministry of Defense Igor Konashenkov on the situation with the crash of the TU-154 aircraft in the Sochi region as of 15:00:

“According to updated data, 10 bodies of the dead have been taken aboard the rescue ship.

The build-up of search and rescue forces in the area of the plane crash of the Tu-154 aircraft of the Ministry of Defense continues.

A search area of 10.5 km2 has been formed.

The area is divided into sectors and distributed among the involved forces. The search is organized around the clock. Searchlight installations and special equipment were sent to illuminate the coastline at night.

The search involves 27 ships and vessels, 37 divers, 4 helicopters, UAVs and remote-controlled deep-sea vehicles.

In the near future, more than 100 deep-sea divers with special equipment will be delivered to the area of the crash from other fleets.

In total, more than 3 thousand people take part in search and rescue activities.

Groups of medical and psychological assistance are on duty at the Adler airfield, vehicles have been allocated to transport relatives to places of temporary accommodation at the funds of the city's sanatorium and resort institutions.

Russian President Vladimir Putin said the crash of the Tu-154 would be thoroughly investigated.

“A thorough investigation into the causes of the disaster will be carried out and everything will be done to support the families of the victims,” he said during an emergency press conference.

On the likelihood of a terrorist attack

On the possibility of a terrorist attack.

Air Force Major, Pilot Instructor Sergei Krasnoperov:

- What could have caused the catastrophe of this liner, in your opinion?

- Only the "black box" that will be lifted from this liner will tell about this. But, as you say, the versions - pilot error and equipment failure - are the real reasons, as always happens in such cases. But it is too suspicious that the plane, after taking off in climb, is literally a few tens of minutes, disappears from the radar screens.

- Now they have clarified that this happened in the seventh minute, during climbing or during a turn, apparently, over the Black Sea.

- This means that the engines worked properly, the fuel was normal. If this happened on takeoff, the fuel could be the cause. The situation, perhaps, is similar to the tragedy in Sharm el-Sheikh, there, too, very little time passed after takeoff.

Do you mean the version of the terrorist attack?

- Certainly. What is very strange, the plane crashes on takeoff very rarely, especially of this class. Tu-154 has three engines, it is very reliable. I myself flew them as a passenger very often.

- Why do you not consider the malfunction of the aircraft? After all, the Tu-154 is not a new aircraft.

Yes, but they are very reliable. I can consider the design of the aircraft from the point of view of the pilot, and believe me, what is connected with the control of the aircraft, there is such a reliable control system, not like electronics now, but there are backup cable systems, including aircraft control systems, that is, if one system fails , another enters. Considering the experience of the pilots who are now flying these planes, this situation is still very strange to me, that it was only the seventh minute after takeoff. I understand that the plane took off from our airfield, and the electronic surveillance system followed it, so it could not be that someone flew up to it, it could crash into something.

- Initially, it was reported that he simply lost a signal from the radar screens, but the plane did not give any distress signals.

- This suggests that the plane, as in Sharm el-Sheikh, immediately lost speed and simply fell into a tailspin, that is, uncontrollable. In this case, the pilot, simply with such an overload, which happens in this case, not only could not report to the dispatcher, but was also unable to turn on the distress signal. Imagine, the liner just starts to rotate strongly. Therefore, I think the aircraft was destroyed, as it was in Sharm el-Sheikh, where its speed was at first 780 km / h and then abruptly became 170 km / h, and the loss of altitude was 1000 m. Now we need to look at the radars, exactly how speed dropped. That is, the plane could plan and land on the water. Recently there was a case with the Tu-154, when people were rescued, 37 people. The pilots were then able to land the liner on an unfamiliar field with strong wind, in a strong snowstorm, and they saved almost all the people.
In this situation, there were simple weather conditions, if something happened to the plane, to the engine, it would simply turn around and begin to plan towards the airfield, would land in the coastal zone. Let the plane fall apart, but the pilots, and the crew, and passengers would be alive, you know? And then a sharp drop, this happens when something abnormal happened, something exploded, something fell off. As a rule, these aircraft can only fall off the tail. And in all other cases, the pilot could easily transmit information, turn on the distress signal, but this did not happen. So, something was so abnormal, sharp at the seventh minute of the flight. So, I can’t blame the crew, and the equipment doesn’t break down so abruptly.

- Spread of fragments at such a speed, and its speed in the set is about 600-700 km / h, already there it goes over, at such a distance it may well be. But if the plane fell whole, then there would be no such scattering of fragments, believe me. The plane fell apart, just fell apart, which means it exploded, which means that someone was given a suitcase somewhere, given that it was a flight to Syria, and musicians from the ensemble were flying, they could have carried something with these musical instruments, someone could put something. Believe me, such a scattering of fragments occurs only when the aircraft is destroyed in the air. It just explodes, that's all. And when the liner just falls, you get an oil stain, and then parts pop up. The plane, if it falls, dives into the water, simply disappears, it is found after some time. And then they even found a man already, who already in the coastal zone suffered from the wreckage. This suggests that the debris fell to the ground in an erratic fall, which means it exploded in the air.

Sergey Goncharov, president of the Alfa Veterans Association.

“With a high degree of probability, I can say that this is not a terrorist attack, for several reasons,” says Sergey Goncharov, president of the association of veterans of the Alfa anti-terror unit. - First. This is an aircraft operated by the Ministry of Defense, and, believe me, the discipline in the Ministry of Defense is still quite serious, and the people who serve these flights, they are verified people, of course, have all forms of clearance in order to do this work.
Second. People flew on this plane, our comrades, who practically knew each other, and, as I understand it, no one put strangers on this plane. And the luggage that was there, of course, was subjected to checks by precisely those people who flew in this plane.
Third. The plane, as I understand it, was not in the air for so long, the sea area provides opportunities, if it was an explosion or some kind of flash, then, probably, there would be eyewitnesses who could see it or, at least, could fix it . And the last. The wreckage of the plane has already been discovered, which means that they did not fly as far apart from each other as it happens with some ...
- One and a half kilometers for the sea, this distance, as you understand, is quite small. All this gives me reason to say that, as I understand it, it is necessary to lean towards the versions or the pilots' mistake, or the refueling that took place that did not meet some criteria. In any case, condolences must be expressed to all the victims. Unfortunately, this tragedy overshadowed our pre-holiday days. But in any case, I believe that now the Ministry of Defense will carefully examine and put an end to the i. The only thing that confuses me is why the crew could not give any information to the dispatchers. This is a fact that I cannot answer yet, I think the investigation will answer.

Sergei Alekseevich, there must have been similar events in the tragic world practice. And why couldn’t the crew, if we try to understand it now using analogies on parallels, do the very first thing that every pilot probably does, if he understands that the situation is beyond the usual regular one, is to send a distress signal? Using other situations as an example, can you explain how events could have developed, why this could have happened?

- If we are talking about a terrorist act, then in the event of an explosion on board an aircraft or in the luggage compartment, the communication system immediately disappears, and purely technically, the commander of the ship cannot give the dispatcher any information. Apparently, if there was some kind of technical short circuit here, some kind of technical problem that did not allow the crew to contact the controllers (I repeat once again, this is a problem that will be dealt with after the wreckage is lifted) ... If it were there was a terrorist attack, at the moment, in any case, there would be indirect data about what happened on the plane, in particular, a flash, an explosion, or at least we would have some new, albeit subjective or indirect, hints that that the plane was blown up or crashed in the air with the help of an explosion.

From official sources:

"Preliminarily, during the climb, the crew encountered a technical malfunction of a critical nature, which led to a disaster," Interfax's source in emergency services said.
According to a Pravda.ru source at the operational headquarters, “so far, according to preliminary data, the situation is as follows. The pilot and crew, and in the case of the Tu-154 it is enlarged, were professional, they had no flight accidents - everyone is almost sure that this is not a human factor. Captain pro, navigator participated in the landing of the "tumbling" Tu-154.
This is not a terrorist attack, too, with a probability close to one - the aircraft is serviced, controlled in a special zone, control at the Sochi airport has been strict since the Olympics. Weather, let's say, not the best, yesterday they closed Simferopol due to the weather and Sochi was a reserve, but they were still flying. Unless, of course, the liner fell into a sudden sudden tornado. Or into a flock of birds that "shut up" all the engines at the same time on takeoff, at the moment of full thrust - there is an ornithopark nearby. Most likely a technical malfunction, and so instantaneous and critical, such as switching the stabilizer to a dive in Rostov, that the crew did not have time to do it. to work, not to report. Because even the failure of two engines on the Tu-154 does not kill, the crew would have put the liner on the water one way or another.

And it's stupid when they talk about an old plane, about "it's already been banned." It was not banned, but taken out of use by commercial airlines, because it consumes a lot of fuel, exceeds the norm in terms of noise, and indeed its interior cannot be compared with a Boeing or an Airbus. An airplane has no "old age", it has airworthiness - it is either airworthy or not. In the USA, "Douglases" of 50-60 years fly. I will say more, "black boxes" - parametric recorders have already been located, they will be lifted by specialists with bathyscaphes. All debris and bodies, of course, will also be raised - 70 meters is already accessible depths. What happened is an undeniable tragedy. The reasons will be sorted out, since the investigation is taken under the tightest control at the highest level. Additional information will give and decryption of black boxes. Now they have begun to raise the bodies of the dead. According to TASS, by noon, four bodies had been found and recovered.

In Sochi, an operational headquarters has been created and is working to receive relatives of the dead passengers of the aircraft. Brigades of psychological and psychiatric assistance are on duty at the Sochi airport. The mayor of the city held an emergency meeting of the Commission for Emergency Situations. "Kommersant correspondent in Krasnodar Territory conveys that locals at the time of the disaster, they did not see a flash and did not hear an explosion," the press notes.
Politonline.ru's sources in the FSB of Russia also explained why they were checking all those who approached the liner, serviced it and were engaged in technical training. "The version of the terrorist attack is not a priority, but it also needs to be worked out. Yes, the FSB checks everyone who was in contact with the dead aircraft, records are reviewed, polls are conducted - to exclude the version, and not because it is "secretly investigated."

Test pilot, Hero of the Russian Federation, Anatoly Knyshov:

- Tu-154 is a completely reliable aircraft, which is operated not only in the Ministry of Defense, but also in civil aviation. It has proven itself with its reliability and comfort. The fact that military specialists were on board indicates that the aircraft was in full readiness. Because before each flight there is a check - this type of aircraft, it has a certain tolerance, airworthiness certification.
What happened ... In aviation, everything can be, but after takeoff, when the engines are operating in takeoff mode and the crew has no information about any malfunctions of individual systems or engines, otherwise, if such information would be, the pilot according to the instructions turned around, landed at the airport of departure. In this situation, we can say that, apparently, there was something on board. Because just like that, planes do not fall, they do not land in an emergency. But why the crew did not report information about what happened to him is also a question.

- What are the options for a complete failure of systems on board?

- One of the options is the failure of three engines. But in any case, the crew informs the dispatch service, informs the Ministry of Defense about this or that reason. In this situation, in my opinion, a sharp loss of communication, a sharp depressurization of the aircraft led to the fact that the crew could not, did not have time to report the reason that happened on board.

Anatoly Nikolaevich, now, when they say that the plane was refueling in Sochi, could low-quality fuel cause an emergency? Or is it more of an exception than the rule now?

- When refueling takes place at any airport, both on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad, the crew and the team that serves (and I think there is a technical team on board that serves this type of aircraft), they must check the type of fuel according to the passport , its characteristics and so-called fuel samples are taken even before refueling. Therefore, I can’t say yet that this is the reason for low-quality fuel, only the commission can determine, they will definitely take samples at the crash site (in any case, fuel residues will be somewhere). They will be able to find out the quality of the fuel, the state of the systems, and the readiness of the crew. Because in any case, if there was low-quality fuel, it would be impossible for three engines to fail at the same time, which could lead to such a catastrophe. Explosive reason. There is an audible alarm, a light alarm that warns the crew of a particular malfunction. This warning didn't work. Because the warning works for the crew, it gives out information so that the crew competently and correctly follows the recommendations that they have already worked out on the ground. It is sad that this is happening to our colleagues, namely from the Ministry of Defense, precisely to those who were heading there, to a hot spot where they could support our servicemen before the New Year. This is a tragedy that we will all experience.

Now the search is underway. Including information appeared that the search for the aircraft in the Black Sea are 7 sea vessels, a Mi-8 helicopter from Sochi airport joined the search. But there was information that the possible point where the plane crashed was in the mountains. Can you explain why there is such conflicting information now?

- Any aircraft that takes off is monitored by dispatch services, locators and helps the crew to correctly build the trajectory of entering the route. If they dodge somewhere, the dispatcher says: you dodge. Because on this airway there are, perhaps, several types of aircraft - in the opposite direction, in the passing direction. And the dispatching service controls and is responsible to some extent for the safety of being on this route. But even if the air traffic control service, the locators could not notice where the mark from this type of aircraft is located ... Because each controller displays the type of aircraft and its call sign on the screen. And when this mark disappears, a command is immediately given to the search service (in this case, these are helicopters that are now searching in the area where the mark may have disappeared). And the situation in the mountains may be such that they have fallen below the detection zone.

- And what could be the reason for such behavior of the crew?

- It could be the explosive nature of the plane itself, that is, an explosion could occur, and no one could tell - neither the correspondents who were there, nor the crew itself. I can't imagine anything else here.

PS. Almost the entire choir of the Alexandrov Ensemble died

Deceased Director of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Elizabeth Glinka. She was also on board the crashed plane.

dead journalists.

PS2. Regarding the rejoicing freaks from Ukraine and Russia, on this occasion it can be noted that at such moments the difference between people and moral freaks is well manifested.

Alexei Pushkov: Those who died in the crash are the heroes of the war on terror

Chairman of the Commission of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation on Information Policy Alexei Pushkov commented on the plane crash in Sochi.

“Those who died in the crash flew to Syria to support our military. All of them are heroes of the war on terror. Their flight, their impulse was interrupted. Their spirit is alive,” he wrote.

Those who died in the crash flew to Syria to support our military. All of them are heroes of the war on terror. Their flight, their impulse was interrupted. Their spirit is alive.

Recall that during a scheduled flight from the Sochi airfield after takeoff, the Tu-154 aircraft disappeared from the radar. Later, the military department reported that 1.5 kilometers from Black Sea coast Sochi, at a depth of 50-70 meters, fragments of the Tu-154 hull were found. Among the passengers were journalists from Channel One, NTV, the Zvezda TV channel, musicians from the Alexandrov Ensemble, and Doctor Lisa.

Russian President Vladimir Putin declared nationwide mourning in connection with the crash Russian aircraft in the Black Sea.

He stated this during an emergency press conference.

“National mourning will be declared in Russia tomorrow,” Putin said.

Recall that during a scheduled flight from the Sochi airfield after the take-off of the Tu-154 aircraft, it disappeared from the radar. Later, the military department reported that fragments of the Tu-154 hull were found 1.5 kilometers from the Black Sea coast of Sochi at a depth of 50-70 meters. Among the passengers were journalists from Channel One, NTV, the Zvezda TV channel, musicians from the Alexandrov Ensemble, and Doctor Lisa.

Deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, singer, Iosif Kobzon was supposed to fly on the Tu-154 plane of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation that crashed over the Black Sea to Syria. This was reported on December 25 by TASS with reference to the people's artist.

“On the 14th, we had a concert with them in the Hall of Columns, and Valery Khalilov (head of the Alexandrov Ensemble - approx.) asked me to fly with them, but I said that I had a medical visa and I had to fly for treatment, especially that I, together with them and with Khalilov, visited Syria once. So I said - next time somehow. But see how the next time turned around "

Kobzon said.

He assured that if he was offered, he would be ready to perform again for the Russian military in Syria.

“I am sincerely sorry, for me this is just shock news. This is a great tragedy for culture, for the army audience. They flew on a combat mission"

Russian TV channel published the first video of the wreckage of the crashed Tu-154

The Russian TV channel Life showed the first footage from the crash site of the aircraft of the Russian Defense Ministry, which fell into the Black Sea. The sent frames show the wreckage of the Tu-154 military aircraft in the water.

The media published a video of the rescue operation in the area of the fall of the Tu-154

The first video is up rescue operation in the area of the crash of the Tu-154 aircraft of the Ministry of Defense.

Recall that during a scheduled flight from the Adler airfield after the take-off of the Tu-154 aircraft, it disappeared from the radar. Later, the military department reported that fragments of the Tu-154 hull were found 1.5 kilometers from the Black Sea coast of Sochi at a depth of 50-70 meters. Among the passengers were journalists from Channel One, NTV, the Zvezda TV channel and 68 musicians from the Alexandrov Ensemble, as well as Dr. Liza.

On April 11, a subcommittee of the Polish Ministry of Defense presented a new technical report on the Tu-154 plane crash near Smolensk, where the country's top leadership, including President Lech Kaczynski, died. It follows from the report that an explosion occurred in the cabin, which "teared out the door and scattered the bodies of passengers over 100 meters." Before that, another explosion destroyed the left wing of the plane, and Russian controllers deliberately steered the plane on the wrong course. The subcommittee of ex-Minister of Defense Anthony Matserevich came to such conclusions.

A re-investigation of the Tu-154 plane crash near Smolensk in February 2016 was initiated by the then Minister of National Defense of Poland Antony Matserevich. He created a corresponding subcommittee under the ministry. In 2018, after the change of government, Macierewicz was dismissed and became the head of this subcommittee.

A year ago, the subcommittee announced its first conclusions: the plane was destroyed due to an explosion on board, and Russian dispatchers gave the crew incorrect instructions. On April 11, 2018, the subcommittee presented an official technical report on the crash in Warsaw.

Macerevich stressed that this document "deals only with facts" and does not name those responsible for the disaster. The report has already been sent to the Polish prosecutor's office, and the relatives of the victims received it the day before.

The work of the subcommittee does not end there: according to Macierewicz, the final report with all the research and evidence will be published tentatively in 2019. It will also take into account the results of the exhumation of the victims of the disaster.

New information about the crash of the Tu-154

The technical report of the Matserevich subcommittee described new details of the disaster. The agency refutes the version of the pilots' error and emphasizes that the plane collapsed as a result of two explosions and a complete power failure even before the crash.

The first explosion hit the left wing of the plane, cutting off a limb, and then damaged the left engine - it was hit by debris. According to Matserevich, "there is no doubt" about the nature of the explosion. It sounded at the moment when the plane was 900 meters from the runway. Now the department continues to find out where the explosive charge was located.

The second explosion happened in the fuselage. "It occurred on the left side of the hull in the area of the third cabin, where the shock wave tore out the left passenger door. The bodies of a dozen passengers in the third cabin were destroyed and scattered over 100 meters," the report says.

The subcommission emphasizes that Russia did not deny information about the second explosion, but claimed that it occurred as a result of hydraulic pressure in fuel tank. The Polish subcommittee considers that the pressure could not have caused the explosion that caused such destruction in the aircraft.

“The blast wave going to the tail tore this part of the hull and turned the port and starboard sides, along with the roof, outward,” the report says.

The explosion on board during the flight is also evidenced by the disintegration of the aircraft into tens of thousands of fragments, the absence of a crater on the ground and the characteristic damage to the bodies of the dead passengers. Macierewicz is convinced that a collision with trees or the ground could not have caused such damage.

In addition to the explosions, the report lists other factors that caused the Tu-154 crash. They concern the repair of the aircraft, preparations for the visit of a government delegation to Katyn, and "deliberately false" information that was passed on to the crew by Russian air traffic controllers.

The technical report says that the subcommittee, in cooperation with expert institutions, has conducted hundreds of studies and scientific experiments, including the digital reconstruction of the Tu-154 aircraft. At the same time, the department did not have access to the crash site, navigation devices and black boxes.

Macerevich said that the report was unanimously approved by all members of the subcommittee. Polish Defense Minister Mariusz Blaszczak did not approve the document, as aviation legislation does not require it. The report is the exclusive competence of the subcommittee.

The subcommittee annulled the previous conclusion on the causes of the crash, made in 2011 by the Commission for the Investigation of Air Crashes of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Poland. We are talking about the so-called report of Jerzy Miller, where the cause of the crash of the Tu-154 was called "a decrease below the minimum altitude at excessive speed", and the blame was placed on the crew of the aircraft and the head of the landing zone.

"The Miller report was built on the basis of political pressure, it contained false theses. If someone defends the Miller report, he blames the Polish pilots for the crash," Macierewicz told reporters.

Moscow has not yet reacted to the subcommittee's new findings. A year ago, the press secretary of the President of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Peskov, stated that the Kremlin could not comment on such versions, because it did not know what the commission was guided by.

The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in January 2018 issued a statement in which it recalled that "no one provides any data confirming these statements." The official representative of the Sledkom Svetlana Petrenko stressed that the version of the explosion was checked "among the priorities" and did not find confirmation.

By official version Tu-154 crash in Sochi on December 25, 2016, an orangutan turned out to be at the helm of the plane instead of a person, who began to pull the control sticks ridiculously, which led to the tragedy. If we draw a parallel with driving a car, it would look like this: the driver got behind the wheel, started off - and drove into a snowdrift. Passed back - and crushed three cars nearby. Then he drove forward - and crashed with all his dope into a dumpster, on which the trip ended.

Conclusion: either the driver was dead drunk - or something happened to the car.

But the Tu-154 recorders showed that the plane was in perfect working order. And to assume that the pilot began to take off in a dead form in front of other crew members, not suicides, does not work either. And his voice on the recorder is absolutely sober.

However, the plane crashed - allegedly as a result of inexplicable actions of the crew. Or is there an explanation - but the military leadership is desperately hiding it?

Cunning journalists unearthed that the plane may have been heavily overloaded - hence all the consequences. Moreover, it was not overloaded at the Adler airport in Sochi, where it made an intermediate landing, but at the Chkalovsky military airfield near Moscow, from where it started.

The weight of the excess cargo is more than 10 tons. However, at Chkalovsky, according to documents, this Tu-1542B-2 was filled with kerosene 10 tons less than a full bowl - 24 tons, as a result total weight aircraft amounted to 99.6 tons. This exceeded the norm by only 1.6 tons - and therefore was not critical. The pilot probably noted that the takeoff there occurred with an effort - but there could be many reasons for this: wind, atmospheric pressure, air temperature.

But in Adler, where the plane landed for refueling, this refueling played a fatal role. The tanks of the aircraft were filled with fuel already under the cork - up to 35.6 tons, which is why its take-off weight became more than 10 tons more than the permissible one.

And if we accept this version with overload, everything that follows gets the most logical explanation.

The plane took off from the Adler runway at a speed of 320 km/h instead of the nominal 270 km/h. Further, the rise occurred at a speed of 10 meters per second - instead of the usual 12-15 m / s.

And 2 seconds after taking off from the ground, the commander of the ship, Roman Volkov, pulled the steering wheel towards himself in order to increase the take-off angle. The fact is that the take-off and landing trajectories are strictly defined at each airfield: landing takes place on a more gentle, take-off - on a steeper one. This is necessary in order to separate the planes taking off and going to land in height - without which they would constantly be threatened with a collision in the air.

But the increase in the angle of climb led to a drop in speed - too heavy an aircraft refused to perform this maneuver. Then the pilot, probably already realizing that some kind of pig was put on him in the form of excess cargo, gave the helm away from himself in order to stop climbing and thereby gain speed.

This happened at an altitude of 200 meters - and if the plane had remained in this echelon, even in violation of all the rules, the tragedy might not have happened. But Volkov piloted the car outside its permissible modes - which no one had done before him, since overloaded flights are strictly prohibited. And how the plane behaved in these conditions is hard to imagine. In addition, it is possible that that extra load, being poorly secured, also violated the alignment of the aircraft during takeoff.

As a result, a slight panic arose in the cockpit. The pilots began to retract the flaps ahead of schedule - in order to reduce air resistance and thereby gain speed faster.

Here began a dangerous rapprochement with the water, over which there was a take-off line. The speed was already decent - 500 km / h, Volkov abruptly took the helm to raise the plane, at the same time starting a U-turn - apparently, he decided to return to the airfield. Then the irreparable happened: the plane, in response to the actions of the pilot, did not go up, but crashed into the water, scattering into fragments from a collision with it ...

Such a scenario, based on data from recorders, is absolutely consistent - and looks much more plausible than Shoigu's delusional explanation that the pilot lost his spatial orientation and began to descend instead of climbing.

During takeoff, no spatial orientation is required from the pilot at all. In front of him are two main instruments: an altimeter and a speed indicator, he monitors their readings without being distracted by the views outside the window ...

You can also ask: how did an overloaded plane manage to break away from the runway? The answer is simple: there is a so-called screen effect, which significantly increases the lift of the wings at a height of up to 15 meters from the ground. By the way, the concept of ekranoplans is based on it - semi-aircraft-semi-ships flying within these 15 meters in height with much more cargo on board than those of equal power aircraft…

Well, now the most important questions.

First: what kind of cargo was placed in the belly of this Tu - and by whom?

It is clear that these were not the lightweight medicines of Dr. Lisa, who was on this flight, and not an armored personnel carrier: in a passenger plane there is no wide port for the entry of any equipment. This cargo was apparently heavy and compact enough to enter through cargo hatch.

And what exactly - you can guess anything here: boxes of vodka, shells, gold bars, Sobyanin's tiles ... And why they decided to send it not by cargo, but by a passenger flight - there could also be any reasons. From sloppiness on the failure to send a combat cargo, which they decided to cover up gradually - to the very criminal schemes for the export of precious metals or other contraband.

Another question: did the pilots know about this left cargo? For sure! This is not a needle in a haystack - but a whole stack that cannot be hidden from the eyes. But what exactly was there and what the true weight of it is - the pilots might not have known. After all, this is an army, where the order of the highest rank is above all instructions; and most likely that order was also provided with some kind of generous promise - with a hint of all sorts of intrigues in case of refusal. Under the influence of such an explosive mixture, a lot of malfeasance is committed today - when a forced person faces a choice: either earn decent money - or be left without a job and without pants.

And the famous Russian maybe at the same time, as they say, no one canceled!

Who ordered? Here, too, there can be a large scatter: from someone lieutenant colonel, deputy for armament - to Colonel General. Depending on what kind of cargo was driven onto the plane.

In short, in Chkalovsky the plane is overloaded, but this overload is compensated by incomplete refueling - and in Adler the tanks are already filled to capacity. Obviously, the calculation was to fly to the Syrian Khmeimim (destination) and back on their own fuel. And the fact that the commander of the ship agreed to these 35.6 tons of fuel in Adler speaks in favor of the fact that he still did not know the real magnitude of the overload. Fly it alone - you can still allow dashing daring, which Chkalov himself laid the foundation for in our aviation. But behind Volkov's back were his own crew of 7 people, and 84 more passengers, including the artists of the Alexandrov ensemble!

The fact that the Ministry of Defense in this case is not just obscure, but with might and main hides the truth - such facts speak.

1. Shoigu's version of "violation of spatial orientation (situational awareness) of the commander, which led to erroneous actions with the aircraft controls" does not stand up to criticism. For any pilot, not only with 4000 flight hours, like Volkov, but also with ten times less, takeoff is the simplest action that does not require any special skills. Here, for example, landing in difficult weather conditions is a completely different matter. The accident during the landing of the same Tu-154 from the Polish delegation near Smolensk is a typical example of the lack of skill and experience of the pilot. But when taking off on a serviceable plane, no one has ever crashed.

2. The decoding of the recorders, probably already in the first days after the tragedy, gave the whole alignment of what happened. An analogy with the same Polish case in 2010 is appropriate here: then, on the 5th day, the IAC (Interstate Aviation Committee) issued an exhaustive version of the incident, which was fully confirmed later.

The IAC has been stubbornly silent about the Adler disaster for 6 months. On his website, where detailed analyzes of all flight accidents are published, there are only two brief messages that the investigation is ongoing. And another significant passage:

“Resources of research and expert institutions have been attracted to investigate this catastrophe. Among them is the Interstate Aviation Committee, which has extensive experience in investigating accidents with Tu-154 aircraft and the necessary resources to assist in expediting the investigation. At the same time, the IAC informs that the official comments on this investigation are provided exclusively by the Russian Ministry of Defense.

That is, read, "we were shut up, sorry."

3. Naturally, the Minister of Defense in the very first hours, if not minutes after the disaster, found out what kind of cargo was on board the crashed Tu. And the incredibly long search for the wreckage of the aircraft, which added absolutely nothing to the information of the recorders, suggests that they were looking for that very secret cargo. And not at all the truth, which was clear to the military immediately.

Well, and another question: why do the military, led by their minister, hide this truth like that? And from whom - from Putin himself or from the people?

Well, to hide it from Putin, I very much doubt it: he does not look like a person who can be circled around the finger like that. So they are hiding from the people. This means that this truth is such that it somehow terribly undermines the prestige of our military.

That is, either some lieutenant colonel, a complete idiot, loaded into a passenger plane something that should not have been close to it. And then a shadow on our entire army, in which such idiots are on horseback that they can ruin even the backbone of the Alexandrov ensemble with their idiocy.

Or the colonel-general, who enters the very head, is involved - and then, too, shame and disgrace: it turns out that through the change of Serdyukov to Shoigu, our army has not been cleansed of general outrage?

And the last thing. Remember, when we watched the film "Chapaev" as children, many of us shouted in the hall: "Chapaj, run!" Just as spontaneously, today, when everything has practically become clear with the Adler tragedy, I want to shout to the pilot Volkov: “Don't take this load! And he took it - do not take off above 200 meters above the sea!

After all, if you understand calm mind, who was not praised by the pilot, who fell into a storm of circumstances, he had a chance of salvation. Namely: when reloading the aircraft, do not even try to follow the instructions that oblige you to rise to such and such a height at such and such a distance from the airfield. Break it to hell, get a reprimand for it, even if it's dismissal - but save your own life and the lives of others. That is, fly at a minimum altitude, producing fuel - and when the weight of the aircraft decreases in an hour and a half, start lifting.

Another thing that again comes to mind is that if you decide to return to Adler, do a U-turn not by a standard turn with a side roll, which dumped the plane into the sea, but by the so-called “pancake”. That is, with one rudder - when the plane remains in horizontal plane, and the turning radius at the same time greatly increases: a maneuver that is practically not used in modern aviation.

Yes, only this chance, which could save this plane, in the future would still be ghostly and deadly. Suppose Volkov could have managed to get out of the disastrous situation set by the organizers of his flight. Then the next time he or his colleague would be hung not 10, but 15 extra tons of some “unspecified” cargo: after all, appetites grow as their satisfaction. And the tragedy would have happened anyway - if not in this case, then in the next one, if its causes were preserved.

God grant that, as a result of this catastrophe, someone in our armed forces gives a proper blow to the brain, putting an end to the outrages that led to the inevitable outcome.

Alexander Roslyakov