Kamensk square. Where is Kamensk located? The Great Patriotic War
Kamensk-Shakhtinsky is located on the territory of the Donetsk Ridge, belongs to the Rostov Region, its banks are washed by the Seversky Donets, this is the right tributary of the Don. Between Rostov-on-Don and the city is 145 km, it is considered a junction point of highways. Such important routes as Moscow-Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd-Chisinau pass through it.
The city originates in the distant 1671, the Cossacks founded the Stone Town, and in 1817 it was already a large village of Kamenskaya. The name comes from a small river Kamenka. The entire outskirts of the village was pitted with coal mines, the construction of a distillery, potash and repair and mechanical plants was underway.
In 1929, the village was given the status of the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky. Since then, the city has been built and developed. The center still retains a rectangular shape, as it was in the Cossack village. Only the outskirts of the city are being built up with high-rise buildings.
Currently, there are many interesting places worth visiting in Kamenetz-Shakhtinsk. First of all, this is a beautiful and small embankment, on which there is a monument to the fisherman Trofimych. His image is often placed on souvenirs and mugs.
55 years ago, the famous film by Sergei Gerasimov "Quiet Flows the Don" was filmed in the city. Until now, the filming locations have been preserved in their original form. Walking through them, you immediately remember the frames from the famous film.
Mayakovsky Park, the Museum of Flora and Fauna, located in the park, the Long Canyon, with a lake 2,200 m long and 100 m wide, are very popular with visitors and citizens. The picturesque nature of the flooded quarry will not leave anyone indifferent.
In Kamenetz-Shakhtinsk, there is one "Bike Hotel" for the whole of Russia. It attracts guests of the city with its unusual motorcycle design. All the furnishings in the hotel and cafe are designed in biker style. Tables in the cafe are made in the shape of a car or a motorcycle, lamps in the form of a bike are in the headboards of the beds, and the keys to the rooms are made in the form of a license plate.
A stele of motorcycles pointing skyward was built nearby, a monument to the dead bikers. Bike festivals are held here. This is a real biker "Mecca". The hotel welcomes guests around the clock.
The city has a chemical plant for the production of polymers, a viscose fiber plant, a machine-building and an oil refinery. Local bakery and confectionery produces its own products. developed Agriculture and livestock farming.
23 schools, medical and pedagogical colleges, vocational schools have been opened. Moscow, Novocherkassk and Rostov-on-Don have located branches of their prestigious universities in this town.
Main Library. Gorky opened in the distant 1920. It still works, together with the station of young technicians, which is more than 60 years old.
The city is proud of the military brass band, folk theater "At the Cross", church choirs, Orthodox churches.
Historians argue
There are many versions of how the city was founded. Most of these versions have not been officially accepted by historians. However, scientists avoid abandoning them completely. According to the "Military Loan Letter", Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (Kamensky town, then - the village) was founded on September 22, 1671. The letter, in turn, is mentioned in the work of the famous local historian V. Shumov. The document causes numerous disputes among historians, as many scientists doubt the authenticity of the letter. As one of the arguments, historians put forward the fact that the date on the letter looks too implausible: in pre-Petrine times, the chronology was conducted from the biblical creation of the world, and not from the Nativity of Christ. The charter should have indicated 7180, not 1671. In addition, the document contains several phraseological phrases uncharacteristic of the second half of the 17th century. Another strong argument: there was no single sample for drawing up loan letters, therefore, it is impossible to determine the exact date of creation of the document, relying only on its structure.
There is a version that the Kamensky town twice - in 1677 and 1685 - was devastated. In this regard, the town had to be moved to a new place - on the banks of the Glubokaya River. There is documentary evidence that the town was seriously affected by the ruin of the Azov people in 1684. Presumably, the year of foundation of the Kamensky town was not 1671, but 1683. Many scientists believe that the settlement arose a year before its destruction by the Azov people.
Versions of the origin of the Kamensky town first appeared in the historical literature of the 19th century. After the abolition of serfdom, many peasants decided to go to the Don, where they were going to settle in the Cossack villages. Newcomer peasants formed a special social group, called "out-of-town". Contrasting the newcomers with the natives significantly increased the status of the latter. Thanks to the growth of self-awareness of the inhabitants of the Kamensky town, there is an interest of the indigenous population in their own history. In the second half of the 19th century, the so-called "folk" versions of the origin of the settlement were very popular. In the "folk" versions, the Kamensky town is represented by an older settlement. Scientists prefer not to trust folk legends.
Official version
According to official version, which historians prefer to adhere to, the decision to found the city was made at the ataman's military circle. 22 Cossacks submitted a request to found a new settlement. The request was granted, and on September 22, 1671, “on the Donets in an empty yurt near the Kamenka River,” a settlement was founded, named after the nearby river Kamensky town. There is a legend that the pardoned participants in the uprising were the first settlers. Over time, the town began to be called a village.
village
Kamenskaya had to change her “address” several times, not only because of the attacks of the Azov people. In historical documents of the beginning of the 19th century, one can find references to the fact that the spring flood became the reason for the move. The last time the village was moved was in 1816. Since the village was in dire need of educational institutions, in January 1812 a parish school was opened in Kamenskaya. A few years later, after the last transfer of the village, a four-year school was opened. His students were graduates of the parish school. In 1903, a real school began to operate, which was intended to transfer to students "technical knowledge directly useful for industrial activity." In 1912, a women's state gymnasium was built. In addition, in the village there was a private women's gymnasium F. M. Mazurenko. The house of the merchant Ivan Shovkoplyasov housed the men's state gymnasium. Classes were located on the second floor.
In the early 1900s, a cinematograph was first brought to the village. The halls of cinematographs bore unusual names for villagers - "Odeon", "Soleil", "Renaissance". Inexperienced viewers were shown fashionable in those years short films "Eve's Apple", "Black Monster", "Queen of Courtesans" and others. The villagers cared about the spiritual life no less than about the availability of entertainment. At the end of the 19th century, the Church of the Nativity was built. Its construction cost 120 thousand rubles. In 1883, at the expense of the widow of Colonel Alexei Mashlykov, the Alekseevskaya Church was erected, which the widow dedicated to the memory of her late husband. The Church of the Intercession also operated in the village.
Many people were born in Kamenskaya Stanitsa who, to one degree or another, contributed to the development of science, literature, art and culture. The most famous natives of the village are the writers N. M. Oleinikov and A. V. Kalinin, the public figure and outstanding poet A. I. Petrovsky. Since 1922, the author of the book “Memories of the Wanderers” Ya. D. Minchenkov lived in Kamensk. His work was included in the golden fund of world literature on art. Minchenkov was a friend of the famous artists Vasnetsov and. Yakov Danilovich was repeatedly the initiator of exhibitions of the Wanderers.
After the revolution
When the October Revolution was over, the turn came civil war. The village of Kamenskaya did not stand aside. The war began in the village in January 1918. In Kamenskaya, a congress of front-line Cossacks was held. At the general meeting, a decision was made to overthrow the government of Ataman Kaledin. The congress elected the Donrevkom, which included 15 people. Donrevkom was headed by F. Podtelkov.
In 1920, the village of Kamenskaya became part of the Donetsk province, which belonged to the Ukrainian SSR. At the end of 1924, the North Caucasus Territory was created. The Shakhtinsky District with Kamensky regional center- the village of Kamenskaya.
The village received a new status and name Kamensk on March 28, 1927. After 2 years, the name of the city was changed to Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (to distinguish it from).
Great Patriotic War
In 1941, the beginning of the Great Patriotic War was announced in the country. A few hours after the war began, Kamenchans gathered at the city military registration and enlistment office, wishing to sign up for the front as volunteers. By June 26, more than one and a half thousand applications had been submitted to the military registration and enlistment office. More than three hundred applications were received from women. At the end of October 1941, the headquarters of the Southern Front was located in the city, which was located here until mid-January 1942. The Kamenchans published the newspaper "For the Glory of the Motherland", which was edited by Boris Gorbatov, Sergey Mikhalkov and others famous people. Kamensk-Shakhtinsky became the birthplace for the famous song by Modest Tabachnikov and Ilya Frenkel "Let's smoke."
The front line was approaching the city. July 19, 1942 Kamensk-Shakhtinsky was occupied. The Nazis dominated the city for 7 months. A “new order” was established for Kamenchanians, and attempts to resist were brutally suppressed. During the occupation, about one and a half thousand local residents were tortured in the city. Brutal reprisals did not stop Kamenchanians, attempts to resist continued. An underground committee appeared in the city. Headed a secret organization sent from G. Pivovarov. The underground printed leaflets, agitating fellow citizens to resist the invaders, no matter what. G. Pivovarov died in January 1943 during the battles for the liberation of the city.
The people of Kamensk defended not only their native Kamensk-Shakhtinsky. Local Komsomol members participated in the underground organization "Young Guard" of the city of Krasnodon. Among the underground workers were Vasily Gukov, Stepan Safonov and a student of the Kamensk Pedagogical School Alexander Bondareva. Vasily and Alexandra died in January 1943. Young people were thrown into the pit of the Krasnodon mine, along with some other fighters. Stepan Safonov managed to escape. However, after some time he died in the battle for the liberation of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky in January 1943. S. Safonov was posthumously awarded. One of the streets modern city bears the name of Styopa Safonov.
After the German army was surrounded under, the Soviet troops advanced in a westerly direction. On January 14, the 169th Tank Brigade of Colonel A. Kodinets and the 23rd Tank Corps of Major General E. Pushkin approached Kamensk-Shakhtinsky. Children came out of the city to meet them, pointing Soviet wars enemy firing points. The first attempt to liberate the city was unsuccessful. The tanks were forced to retreat across the river. On January 20, the Nazis arrested more than fifty teenagers. All children were shot. Kamensk-Shakhtinsky was liberated only on February 13, 1943. On February 14, soldiers who died during the liberation of the city were buried on Labor Square. G. Pivovarov was also buried here.
On May 9, 1971, on the day of the next anniversary of the Victory, the Memorial Complex was opened on Labor Square, and the T-70 tank, which was shot down by the enemy in the battles for Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, was installed on a pedestal. Monuments to fallen soldiers were erected near the artificial fiber plant and near the chemical plant. Many Kamenchans who fought on various fronts during the war years were awarded orders and medals for their courage and heroism.
Postwar years
When the war was over, the people of Kamenka, like the inhabitants of other cities of the USSR, set about restoring their hometown. By the beginning of the 1950s, local production teams were able to achieve pre-war levels of productivity. Combine No. 515 (the modern joint-stock company Kamenskvolokno) produced its first products already in September 1948. Then, in addition to artificial fiber, the plant began to produce viscose twine for hay pressing. Viscose twine was exhibited at VDNKh. The main consumers of this type of product were rural residents of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Moldova. At many Kamensk enterprises, workshops were reconstructed and equipment was repaired. Some workshops have been redesigned. The products of the Kamensk chemical plant were exported to 30 countries around the world.
In the 1950s, a locomotive repair plant was built in the city. In 1955, it was re-profiled into a machine building and began producing equipment for coal mines. The plant's products were well known in England, China, Hungary, Poland, India, Germany and other countries. Kamensky Experimental Mechanical Plant, in addition to the production of electrodes, launched the production of concrete mixer trucks, which were in great demand not only in the USSR, but also abroad. A confectionery factory operated in the city, producing more than a dozen types of products. The Kamensky microdistrict of Likhovskoy has become one of the largest railway junctions in the country. This status is retained by Likhovsky to this day.
The cultural image of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky has also changed beyond recognition. Palaces of culture and many other institutions designed for cultural leisure appeared in the city.
Modern city
In modern Kamensk-Shakhtinsky there are more than a thousand enterprises that provide work for half of the city's population. Housing construction continues. The city administration gives Special attention organization of cultural leisure of citizens, healthcare and creation of new jobs. Small business is developing in the city. About nine thousand Kamenchans are employed in this area. Local social institutions successfully carry out their activities. Among them: the Center for Social Services, the Center for Social Assistance to Families and Children and others. Kamenka health and medical institutions are regularly supplied with the latest equipment, thanks to which the level of medical care in the city meets all modern standards.
Schools of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky annually graduate hundreds of boys and girls. Local youth have the opportunity to get a profession without leaving hometown, in higher and secondary technical educational institutions. Additional education in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky can be obtained at local sports and music schools. The city has a network of libraries and swimming pools. One of the sights of the city is the Kamensky Museum of Local Lore.
The main specialization of the city is coal mining. The woodworking, machine-building and food industries are no less developed. A network of banks and insurance companies operates in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky.
The city has grown significantly due to the annexation of several villages located on the southeastern and southern outskirts of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky. Among these settlements the settlements of Shakhtyorsky, Montazhnikov, Yuzhny and others.
In the post-Soviet period, several temples and churches were built in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky: the Church of the Intercession Holy Mother of God, Holy Trinity Church, etc. Scenes were filmed in the city for such famous films as “Quiet Flows the Don”, “The Fate of a Man” and others. Behind southern border city passes federal highway"Don". In the early 2000s, a bridge across the Seversky Donets was put into operation. The bridge is designed to ensure uninterrupted traffic between
We have already passed three districts rather quickly: Chertkovsky, Millerovsky and Tarasovsky. And now we are entering one of the most beautiful and interesting areas of our region. Perhaps there are stops at interesting places trails could be more frequent.
Sights of the Kamensky district
After the 893rd kilometer, a very beautiful Kamensky district begins.
Perhaps Kamensky and Krasnosulinsky (neighboring) are the most interesting areas Rostov region. There is a diverse landscape here: there are many hills, rocks, lakes, rivers, even waterfalls - you can find something to admire.
At the 903rd kilometer - turn to farm Astakhov.
In this farm there is a wooden (a rarity in our area) Church of the Exaltation of the Cross of the 19th century.
This church has an icon connected with the history of the Don Cossacks.
Less than 4 kilometers from the highway to Astakhov.
At the 928th kilometer, just before Kamensk, there is an interchange to Staraya Stanitsa.
Be sure to visit the landscape park in Staraya Stanitsa.
It is only 4 kilometers away from the highway (to the right if you are coming from Moscow). The visit to the park is free.
And, of course, you can look into the 928th kilometer of the highway. There is already a little left from Kamensk-Shakhtinsky to Rostov-on-Don, only 142 kilometers.
After entering Kamensk, we cross the Seversky Donets River.
Gas station "Lukoil" right after the bridge.
In Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, you can see the embankment, Mayakovsky Park, the Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin and the places where 55 years ago Sergei Gerasimov filmed episodes of the film Quiet Flows the Don.
The Church of the Intercession was erected already in the 90s of the last century. But, despite the fact that it is modern, the temple is beautiful - made of red brick, with a carved design of the top. It is located at the address: Gagarin street, 91.
Kamenskaya embankment is small, but picturesque. On it stands a monument to a fisherman whose fishing rod is constantly stolen. By the way, the fisherman has a name - Trofimych.
It is even depicted on local souvenirs. In particular, in my collection of mugs from different cities and countries there is a mug from Kamensk-Shakhtinsky with the image of a fisherman on the embankment.
And in the Mayakovsky park there is the former Marusina dacha, about which there are many legends. Now it is the House of Nature - a museum where you can get acquainted with the flora and fauna of the area.
Another attraction of the city - Bike hotel in Kamensk, 932nd kilometer of the M4-Don highway, coordinates N 48.15.158, E 40.17.562 (but they are unlikely to be needed, it is impossible not to notice the hotel). The only bike hotel in Russia, by the way.
If you want to not only relax, but also get a lot of impressions, you can stay at the Bike Hotel. Despite the name, it's not just for bikers.
Interesting design solutions, motorcycles in the headboards, cool drinks machines…
If there is no time, opportunity or desire to settle in a hotel, you can at least just look at it from the outside.
Or go to a bike cafe, which also has a stylish motorcycle design.
And if you have time to linger a little in the Kamensky district, then you can see two more interesting objects here:
Lake Eldorado- Not only a nice place, but also decorated with great imagination, in the spirit of the mythology of the ancient Indians (by the way, this place belongs to the famous Kamensky biker and the owner of the same "Bike Hotel", so it is very likely to see bikers on the lake).
How to get to Lake Eldorado: if you are driving along the highway from Moscow, then immediately after the bridge across the Seversky Donets, go to the junction to the right under the bridge. The lake is 12 kilometers away.
Lake Eldorado Kamensk-Shakhtinsky coordinates: 48°14’52″N 40°24’27″E. Photo Eldorado and detailed descriptions how to get here.
There is a fee to visit the lake.
Another very striking attraction of the Kamensky district, which is rightfully included in the seven wonders of the Rostov region, is the Long Canyon.
30 kilometers from the highway. This is a very beautiful place, the longest lake in the Kamensky region and the longest flooded quarry in the Rostov region. It is also called Long Lake, Long Lake and Worm for its shape. The lake is 2 kilometers 200 meters long, and only 100 meters wide (at its widest point).
How to get to the Long Canyon: as well as to Eldorado, in the direction of Nizhnegoveyny, but we don’t turn off at Eldorado, but go further, to the quarry management. Then to the right along the first lakes. After we pass two lakes, we turn right again and continue until the road forks. We choose the right road and along it - to the lake. Coordinates of the Long Canyon of the Kamensky district: 48°13'49"N 40°20'32"E. If you want to see something really amazing, be sure to go there, climb some steep and admire the lake from above. Entrance to the Long Canyon is free.
Photos of the Long Canyon and a description of the passage here.
At the 944th kilometer, there is an interchange to Volgograd and Likhaya. It is exactly 400 kilometers to Volgograd from here, only 3 to Likhoi. We were both there and there. But there is not much to do in Likhoy. Well, Volgograd is simply not the topic here, it’s not Rostov region.
Of course, these are not all the sights of the Kamensky district, but only those that are very close to the highway.
Since our friends live in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, we will take a breather in this place. We have four more districts of the Rostov region ahead of us. We've only gone half way.
Well, you still choose where you want to go. The roads of the world are open to all.
Are you interested in something from the sights I described along the M4-Don highway in the Rostov region?
Where would you stay? Well, at least for a little photo walk?
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© Galina Shefer, website "Roads of the World", 2014. Copying text and photos is prohibited. All rights reserved.
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Highway M4-Don in the Rostov region: what to see? Part 1
Road from Rostov-on-Don to Vladimir
Black Sea: there and back. Part 1
Road Rostov-on-Don - Kislovodsk
There are no cities in Russia that would not have interesting and notable places. Even if the settlement is young, the architects will certainly bring a twist to the overall gray picture. Kamensk-Shakhtinsky is one of those cities that have a rich history dating back hundreds of years, which is why tourists here will be especially interested. Where to go and what to see in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky?
It got its name from the river flowing nearby (Malaya Kamenka) and the main specialization of the settlement - coal mining in mines. The population is about 89.5 thousand people.
Kamensk-Shakhtinsky began its history as the village of Kamenskaya, the first mention of which dates back to 1671. At the end of the 20s of the XX century, the village was finally renamed first into the city, and then into Kamensk-Shakhtinsky.
Architectural features of the city
The Church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God is a small and cozy building with distinctive features: an onion dome, a combination of colors, a bell tower. The laying of the structure began in 1991, and the opening took place 12 years later, in 2003. Address: Bashkevich lane, 85. Near this place in 1914 they wanted to build a church, but due to the revolution it was not completed and was dismantled. On this moment that place is marked with a memorial cross, which is also a landmark of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky.
Memorable sights of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
During the occupation of the city by the Nazis, local pioneers did not stand aside. They kept track of where the combat points of the enemies, warehouses with weapons were located. When the Red Army entered Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, the boys told the information about the enemies that they managed to collect, however, due to the fact that there were few Soviet soldiers, they were quickly thrown back out of the city, and the Nazis seized and shot the schoolchildren in the basement of the gymnasium No. 12 (there used to be a school). In their honor, in 1967, a monument-stele "To Pioneer Heroes" was erected, an important landmark of Kamensk-Shakhtinsk. Address: Arsenalnaya street, 2.
Where can you walk, learn something interesting or relax?
Many of the guests of the city stay at local hotels, one of which has become not only a place of temporary residence, but also a thematic museum. Each room of the hotel "USSR" returns its visitors to the times of childhood and youth, and in exhibition hall The hotel presents retro cars, motorcycles, bicycles, weapons, coins, as well as utensils. Both hotel clients and ordinary citizens can visit the museum at the address: Heroes-Pioneers Street, 91-v.
In one of the districts of the city district is located landscape park"Loga". This is a landmark of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, the photo of which will cause a sincere desire to visit it. The park area is located on 22 hectares, which were previously occupied by a landfill. This place is a living proof that with love and patience it is possible to make a flowering garden even from an arid area. In addition to a lot of greenery, in the park you can see sculptures, a rock garden, waterfalls and lakes, gazebos and benches, crooked mirrors, fairytale heroes, musical fountain, cozy cafes, restaurants and much, much more. Address: Farm Staraya Stanitsa, st. Bolshevik 77.
Go to navigation Go to search
| City | |||
| Kamensk-Shakhtinsky | |||
|
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| 48°19′00″ s. sh. 40°16′00″ E d. | |||
| A country | Russia | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject of the federation | |||
| urban district | city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky | ||
| Chapter | Konstantin Fetisov (acting) | ||
| History and geography | |||
| Based | in 1671 | ||
| Former names | until 1927 - stanitsa Kamenskaya before 1929 - city of Kamensk |
||
| City with | 1927 | ||
| Square | 160 km² | ||
| Center height | 60 m | ||
| Timezone | UTC+3 | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | ↘ 89,657 people (2017) | ||
| National composition | Russians, | ||
| Names of residents |
Kamenchane ( rarely- stones) stoner, stoner |
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| Digital IDs | |||
| Telephone code | +7 86365 | ||
| Postcode | 347800 | ||
| OKATO code | 60 419 | ||
| OKTMO code | 60 719 000 001 | ||
| Other | |||
| Day of the city | second Saturday in September | ||
| kamensk.donland.ru | |||
Karl Marx Avenue (formerly Donetsk Avenue) between Pushkin and Kirov streets
Donetsk District of the Don Cossack Region
Kamensk-Shakhtinsky(until 1927 - Kamenskaya, from 1927 to 1929 - Kamensk) - city (until March 28, 1927 stanitsa) V .
The structure of the urban district "the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky" includes two former settlements urban type - Factory (since 2004) and Likhovskaya (since 2005).
The population of the urban district is 89,657 (2017).
City Day has been celebrated since 1985 on the second Saturday of September.
Geography
Kamensk-Shakhtinsky is located near the northeastern spurs of the Donetsk Ridge, on the elevated right bank of the Seversky Donets River (right tributary of the Don).
Distances to some cities by road:
- - 142 km,
- - 400 km,
- - 414 km,
- - 932 km.
The distance from Moscow to Kamenskaya station by rail is 1036 km, from - 190 km.
Streets
The two main streets of the city are located perpendicular to each other and are oriented approximately to the cardinal points:
- Karl Marx Avenue (former Donetsk Avenue) in common parlance, Broadway is a wide boulevard 2.3 km long, stretching from the northeast to the southwest; starts from the embankment of the Seversky Donets. Here are located cultural and entertainment institutions, shops and offices, a restaurant, a registry office;
- Lenin Street (since 1924; former Starovokzalnaya, then Sovietskaya)- from northwest to southeast, starts from the railway station and descends to the Seversky Donets, it houses the main state institutions: the city administration, the police, the interdistrict department of the Federal Migration Service, the tax inspectorate;
- third most important Voroshilov street (formerly Grekovskaya, since 1957 - street 40 years of October), is the main highway connecting two microdistricts of the city - the old one - Sotsgorod (the name was given in the 1930s on the wave of industrialization in the USSR, at present this name is almost out of use) and the new one - them. 60 years of October(popularly referred to simply as the Neighborhood). It houses shops, cafes, the central market, the Rostelecom communication center and the Russian Post office. The intersection of Karl Marx Avenue and Voroshilov Street in the post-perestroika period received the everyday name Cross (previously this area was called Sotsgorod - now this name has practically fallen into disuse).
It is also of transport importance. Heroes-Pioneers street(until 1973 - Linear), it connects the Podskelny and Rygin microdistricts, as well as an overpass (locally called a viaduct) on Karl Marx Avenue with the M-4 Don federal highway, bypassing the central part of the city. The name was given in the year of the thirtieth anniversary of the liberation of the city from the Nazi invaders.
Climate
The climate of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky is temperate continental, steppe. Winters are relatively mild, with little and unstable snow cover. Summer is hot, lasts more than 4 months - from the first half of May to mid-September.
| Climate of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index | Jan. | Feb. | March | Apr. | May | June | July | Aug. | Sen. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Year |
| Average maximum, °C | −2,6 | −2,1 | 3,3 | 14,9 | 22,4 | 26,6 | 28,7 | 27,8 | 21,4 | 13,1 | 5,1 | 0,4 | 13,3 |
| Average temperature, °C | −5,7 | −5,3 | −0,2 | 9,9 | 16,8 | 20,9 | 23,0 | 22,0 | 16,0 | 8,9 | 2,2 | −2,3 | 8,9 |
| Average minimum, °C | −8,7 | −8,5 | −3,7 | 4,9 | 11,2 | 15,2 | 17,3 | 16,2 | 10,7 | 4,7 | −0,6 | −5 | 4,5 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 33 | 28 | 23 | 39 | 44 | 53 | 53 | 38 | 37 | 27 | 41 | 44 | 460 |
| Source: ru.climate-data.org/location/32435/ - Climate of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky | |||||||||||||
Story
The building of the headquarters of the Red Guard (now the Center for the Development of Creativity for Children and Youth)
village Kamenskaya in 1671-1927
The building of the military revolutionary committee (now the Kamensky Museum of Arts and Crafts and Folk Art)
The city has been known since 1671 as a Cossack settlement that originally arose near the Malaya Kamenka River (after which it got its name), then moved to the mouth of the Glubokaya River, and then for a long time settled down on the left bank of the Seversky Donets, on the site of the modern Staraya Stanitsa (the so-called Fourth Resettlement). In the spring flood, the settlement was flooded by the river, so in 1805 the villagers applied to the military administration with a petition for resettlement to the right high bank of the Donets.
However, war soon broke out with Napoleonic France. The army chieftain Matvey Ivanovich Platov led the Don regiments to the war. Many Kamenets in those regiments also left. It was not before the resettlement. Only since 1817, having received approval from the authorities, the Kamenian Cossacks began to gradually move to the right bank of the Donets and build up between the farms Rygin and Kosonogovka that had existed since the end of the 18th century. Most of the inhabitants managed to move to a new place allotted for the village, where Kamensk-Shakhtinsky now stands. The territory of the final justification of Kamenskaya was indicated by the cavalry general, ataman of the Don Cossack army M. I. Platov, who further contributed to the development of the village. Kamensk was rebuilt according to a rectangular layout in accordance with the master plan of the architect F.P. Devolan, who was, in particular, the first architect of the capital of the region, the Don Army -.
the main street The young village, called Donetsk Avenue, stretched along the old road, which later became the postal route. On January 18, 1812, the grand opening of the parish school took place in Kamenskaya. Since 1819, a four-year school began to operate, in which graduates of the parish school entered.
Stanitsa Kamenskaya was the center of the Donetsk district, the seat of the district authorities. The district included the entire north-east of the land of the Don Cossacks, which included 7, and later (by 1917) - 15 villages. At the beginning of the 20th century, Kamenskaya was already the largest of the Don villages. Thanks to the emergence railway its commercial value grew.
Since 1894, a military craft school has been operating in a three-story building on Donetsk Avenue. The institution had a tailor, tailor-cap, saddle and forging-blacksmith departments and trained craftsmen for the Cossack units. Students came to Kamenskaya to study from different villages and volosts of the district. In the autumn of 1903 a real school was opened. In 1912, a state-owned women's gymnasium was built, there was also a private women's gymnasium by F. M. Mazurenko. The second floor of the house of the merchant Shevkoplyasov was occupied by the men's state gymnasium.
In January 1918, a congress of representatives of the front-line Cossack regiments was held in the village, at which the Don Cossack Military Revolutionary Committee was elected, headed by F. G. Podtelkov and M. V. Krivoshlykov, who proclaimed Soviet power on the Don. Many Cossacks of the village of Kamenskaya were drawn into the whirlpool of the civil war on the side of both the Red and White armies.
Until 1920, the village of Kamenskaya was part of the Great Don Army.
In 1920-1924, the village was part of the Donetsk province of the Ukrainian SSR with subordination directly to the city. In November 1924, the North Caucasian Territory was created, which included the Shakhtinsky District with the Kamensky District and its center - the village of Kamenskaya.
Kamensk-Shakhtinsky during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945
During the Great Patriotic War, Kamensk was occupied by German troops from July 18, 1942 to February 13, 1943.
Several young residents of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky participated in the "Young Guard" of Krasnodon: Shura Bondareva, Styopa Safonov, Vasily Gukov. Pioneers of the city took part in the battles for the liberation of the city from the Nazi invaders.
On January 20, 1943, advanced units of the Red Army broke through to the city. The schoolchildren welcomed the liberators with joy and told the Red Army soldiers about the positions of enemy soldiers, tanks and guns. However, the size of the grouping of Soviet troops was very small, the infantry offensive was supported only by a few light tanks, and the attackers were unable to enter the city and liberate it. After the attack was repulsed, the Nazis carried out a punitive action, seizing in a row all the boys of a suitable age, who, after interrogations with the use of torture, were shot in the basement of the building where Gymnasium No. 12 is now located.
On the night of February 13, the 1116th Infantry Regiment under the command of Major A. M. Gursky started fighting in the city, and the 1120th Infantry Regiment (commanded by Major A. K. Peschishin) captured Kosonogovka.
The city was liberated from the Nazi German troops during the Voroshilovgrad operation by the troops of the 5th tank army, which included the 333rd rifle division (M. I. Matveev) of the Southwestern Front.
On November 2, 1967, on the central street of the city - Karl Marx Avenue, in Pioneer Square, a monument-stele to the Pioneer Heroes was erected, on which the names of all the dead children were carved. At least three people on this list were actually alive in the 1970s. In 1996, the monument, which by that time had fallen into disrepair, was reconstructed. In their honor, in 1973, the former Linear Street was renamed Heroes-Pioneers Street (on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the city's liberation).
After the liberation of Kamensk by Soviet troops, they buried the soldiers who died during the liberation of the city on Labor Square, where on May 9, 1971 memorial Complex. Also, a memorial complex was created in front of the main entrance to the Kamensky chemical plant (now the FKP "Combine" Kamensky ""), where monuments were erected to the workers of the plant who died during the war.
Train disaster
In Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (Kamenskaya railway station) on August 7, 1987, one of the largest railway disasters in the USSR occurred: a couple of three electric locomotives, which broke off at turnouts from a freight train loaded with grain, crashed into a passenger train standing at the station at a speed of 140 km / h, its last two cars were crushed; 106 people died in the crash, including children who were traveling from vacation (among the dead - actress Tatyana Livanova with her daughter), another person died during the aftermath (mortally injured by electric current).
Commemorative plaques
The city has memorial plaques dedicated to its history and compatriots.
Commemorative plaques
Bogaevsky A.P.
Bogaevsky M.P.
Minchenkov Ya.D.
Moskalev A.S.
Platov M.I.
Podtelkov F.G.
Saprygin B.D.
Simonov M.P.
Trenev K.A.
Turov A.S.
Turoverov N.N.
Shvyryaev P.I.
Shtepenko I.L.
At the former headquarters of the 9th Army of the Red Army
On the building of the military revolutionary committee
On the building st. Arsenalnaya, 1/51
On the building of the headquarters of the Kamensk Red Guard
On the street of Heroes-Pioneers
On the mass grave of the old cemetery
On the pedestal of the ZIS-5 car
Population
| Population | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1897 | 1926 | 1931 | 1939 | 1959 | 1962 | 1967 | 1970 | 1973 | 1976 | 1979 |
| 12 190 | ↗ 17 000 | ↗ 21 300 | ↗ 42 700 | ↗ 57 525 | ↗ 62 000 | ↗ 71 000 | ↘ 68 135 | ↗ 72 000 | → 72 000 | ↘ 71 598 |
| 1982 | 1986 | 1987 | 1989 | 1992 | 1996 | 1998 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
| ↗ 73 000 | ↗ 75 000 | → 75 000 | ↘ 72 379 | ↗ 73 300 | ↗ 73 600 | ↘ 72 700 | ↘ 71 100 | ↘ 70 600 | ↗ 75 632 | ↘ 75 600 |
| 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| ↗ 96 600 | ↘ 95 700 | ↘ 94 900 | ↘ 94 500 | ↘ 93 971 | ↗ 95 296 | ↘ 95 181 | ↘ 94 197 | ↘ 92 989 | ↘ 91 995 | ↘ 91 159 |
| 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||
| ↘ 90 307 | ↘ 89 657 | |||||||||
As of January 1, 2018, in terms of population, the city was in 192nd place out of 1113 cities Russian Federation.
In accordance with the general plan of the urban district "City of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky", the population by the estimated date (2025) should be - 105 thousand people, including in md. Likhovskaya - 13,5 thousand people and md. Factory - 9.0 thousand people. However, in last years there is a steady downward trend in the population of the urban district. So, in accordance with the population estimate, as of January 1, 2017, there are 89,657 people on the territory of the municipality - the urban district "City of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky". The population of the city district "Kamensk-Shakhtinsky" in comparison with the All-Russian population census of 2010 decreased by 5.9% (or 5639 people).
Local government
Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (including two remote microdistricts) is the only settlement of the municipal formation "City of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky", which has the status of an urban district.
The first head (mayor) of the city Dronov Mikhail Andreevich (1940-2016), who was elected to this post three times. In September 2009, he resigned. Temporarily, his duties were performed by the first deputy head of the city Alexander Nikitich Kharin (born 1952).
On March 14, 2010, early mayoral elections were held in the city, in which A. N. Kharin scored largest number votes. On March 26, 2010, the inauguration of the new mayor took place.
After the expiration of his term, in March 2015, a new leader was elected in the city - the head of administration - Kayudin Oleg Eduardovich, who was re-elected to this position for 3.5 years on March 27, 2017.
From May 23, 2018, and until the election of a new leader, the duties of O. E. Kayudin, who resigned of his own free will, are performed by the First Deputy Head of the City Administration Fetisov Konstantin Konstantinovich.
Symbolism
Badge with the coat of arms of the city
The basis is the French heraldic form of the shield, which is cut into two equal parts. The left side of the shield is white. This is silver, symbolizing purity, hope, justice and nobility. The right side of the shield is red, which symbolizes love, courage, courage and generosity.
In the center of the shield is a blue shield depicting the ancient coat of arms of the Don Cossacks - a golden deer pierced by a black arrow. The deer is a symbol of courage and honor of men. Blue color symbolizes - chastity, honesty, fidelity and impeccability of women. At the bottom of the shield, at the feet of the deer, there is a branch with three leaves.
Below the shield are symbolic tools of military labor: the saber crosses the dart from top to bottom with the tip down and is ready to punish or pardon, since the military saber is the same as the “sword of justice”. All the symbolism of the yellow color means faith, justice, mercy, humility, power, nobility, constancy and wealth.
Even lower - a blue wave - a symbol of the Seversky Donets River, on which the city is located.
The flag is a panel with proportions of 2:3, divided vertically into equal white and red parts. In the center, 1/3 from the upper edge, above the narrow blue-blue, chipped-curved belt laid out 1/3 from the lower edge, there is a golden branch bent into a ring, inside which on an azure field is depicted a walking golden deer pierced by a black arrow.
Economy
On the territory of the city - a number of coal mines (coal mining). The chemical industry is developed: FKP "Combine" Kamensky "" (with the production of polymers), PJSC "Kamenskvolokno" with a viscose fiber plant. There are machine-building enterprises: Mashinostroitelny Zavod PJSC, KOMZ-Export JSC - Tigarbo trademark, as well as Kamensky Oil Refinery OJSC, Kamensky Gas-Using Equipment Plant LLC, Kamensky Glass Container Plant PJSC, brick and woodworking plants, Kamenskaya CHPP, JSC "Gloria Jeans"
The city hosts a large trading enterprise "Diorit", which develops the federal trading network sales of household appliances "Pulsar".
During the 1990s, such enterprises as a wine and vodka factory, a brewery, a meat processing plant, a city dairy plant, a butter factory, and a city food processing plant ceased to exist in the city. Of the food enterprises, a confectionery factory, a bakery and some other newly appeared enterprises remained.
Finance, insurance and business development
There are representative offices and branches of large banks (Sberbank, Promsvyazbank, Rosselkhozbank) and insurance companies (Rosgosstrakh, ROSNO, Military Insurance Company). Services related to solving credit problems, personal finance and business development are provided by the Kamensky center "Your financial consultant".
Transport
Railway transport
Station station Kamenskaya
On the territory of the urban district "the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky" there are two railway stations North Caucasian Railway - Kamenskaya(in the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky) on the line - Rostov-Glavny and large Likhaya junction station(in the Likhovskaya microdistrict) directions to Millerovo, Rostov-Glavny, Morozovskaya and. Through these stations passenger traffic trains long distance And suburban traffic, as well as the movement of freight trains.
Automobile transport
Highways of federal significance pass through the territory of the city district Kamensk-Shakhtinsky M4 - , E 40M21- as well as highways of regional and local importance.
Available railroad bridge, an automobile bridge over the Seversky Donets (on the M-4 highway) and one auto-drawn bridge over the Seversky Donets (under reconstruction since 2010 - a private paid pontoon crossing operates instead).
In the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky there is a stopping point of PJSC "Donavtovokzal", through which bus service With regional center- the city of Rostov-on-Don, other settlements of the Rostov region and other subjects of the Russian Federation.
City public transport
Urban public transport The city is represented by buses of medium and small capacity, fixed-route taxis and taxis.
List of bus routes and fixed-route taxis:
- № 1 Train Station- Bus station, No. 1d Railway station - Forestry.
- No. 2 Railway station - Bus station, No. 2d Railway station - Bus station
- No. 3 settlement Yuzhny ---- Plant - Mayakovsky Park.
- No. 5 Plant - Mashzavod (Zavodskoy microdistrict).
- No. 6 Embankment - Combine.
- No. 8 Railway station - shop "Neftyanik" (Miner); No. 8a Bus station - TV tower "(Miner), No. 8b Neftyanik store" (Miner) - Combine; No. 8d Railway station - DNRE "(Miner).
- No. 9 Railway station - Rostovspetsstroy.
- No. 10 Palace of Culture named after Gagarin - pos. October.
- No. 14d Railway station - pos. Southern.
- No. 15 Bus station - Kombinat.
- No. 18 Bus station - Kombinat.
- No. 22 Railway station - Forestry.
- No. 23 Kamensk - RTS - Likhovskaya microdistrict.
- No. 24 Bus station - pos. Southern.
- No. 25 Railway station - Mashzavod (Zavodskoy microdistrict).
- No. 115 Kamensk - pos. Locomotive.
Seasonal (country routes):
- No. 12 Railway station - gardens "Hope".
- No. 13 Bus station - gardens "Geologist".
- No. 14 Railway station - gardens "Jubilee".
- No. 17 Bus station - Khimik gardens.
City, suburban and country (seasonal) routes of buses and fixed-route taxis of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky are carried out by transport enterprises of PJSC "Kamenskoye PATP" and LLC "AVVA-Trans".
Connection
RTPS mast
Fixed
Rostelecom, Daria
Mobile
Beeline, MegaFon, MTS, Tele2
Internet
Rostelecom, Daria, Kamensky Internet, Beeline, MegaFon, MTS
In the city there is a mast of a radio and television transmitting station (RTPS) of the federal state unitary enterprise RTRS, branch "Rostov ORTPTS" (built in 1976, height 250 m). Previously, a similar mast was located in the area of the Skorodumovka farm (now part of Staraya Stanitsa) on the left bank of the Seversky Donets River (exactly in the alignment of Lenin Street, if you look towards the river).
The first fixed-line operator providing Internet services was Rostelecom; then an alternative communications operator appeared - "Daria", which also began to provide fixed-line and data services. Today, Internet services are provided by all four operators mobile communications- Beeline, MegaFon, MTS and Tele2. The first site of Kamensk was a resource dedicated to the history of the city; The first city portal was created by the employees of SRSTU (NPI) in 2003. Today the most popular Internet resource of the city is the site of the weekly newspaper PIK.
Service sector
The largest hotels in the city are Voskhod and Donets, built in 1968 and 1971, respectively, as well as the four-star Grant Hotel, opened in 2009. In 2015, a recreation center "Venice" with a hotel, restaurant and entertainment facilities was opened near the Seversky Donets River. In 2018, a three-star hotel "Patriot Park Hotel" was opened near the federal highway M-4. There are also several small hotels and guest houses.
Culture and social sphere
In the city there are the Kamensky Museum of Arts and Crafts and Folk Art, the Palace of Culture named after. Gagarin (in 2016, a monument to Yu. A. Gagarin was erected in the adjacent park), the Palace of Culture. Mayakovsky.
There are two recreation parks - them. Gorky (originally the city garden) and them. Mayakovsky, whose territory is occupied by the sanatorium-dispensary "Seversky Donets" and the local history museum of nature of the Don region "House of Nature". On central square Labor is a memorial and park complex. Monuments were erected to M. V. Krivoshlykov, F. G. Podtelkov, M. I. Platov, D. M. Karbyshev.
The library network of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky is represented by 5 institutions (Central Library named after M. Gorky, Central Children's Library named after A. Gaidar, Library named after N. Ostrovsky, as well as libraries of two microdistricts of the city).
There is a folk theater "At the Cross", created in 1998 (director M. Yazhuk). In December 2011, a military brass band of the Kamensky garrison was organized (leader Alexander Zvonov). There are also church choirs of the Holy Intercession Church - "Sign" and "Light" (head Lyudmila Voloshchuk).
Museum "Legends of the USSR"- thematic museum in the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, Rostov region. The exposition of the museum is dedicated to the topics of everyday life, automotive industry, industry of the times of the USSR, equipment and weapons of the times of the Great Patriotic War. On May 2, 2016, the first hall of the museum with an area of 800 m² was opened, on May 9, 2017 - the second hall with an area of 730 m².
Theme park - museum complex military equipment"Patriot"- a branch of the military-patriotic park of culture and recreation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation "Patriot" in Kubinka (Moscow region). Opened on May 26, 2018.
Education
The municipal education system of the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, including the Likhovskaya and Zavodskaya microdistricts, is represented by educational institutions of various types and types:
Higher professional education
- Kamensky Institute (branch) SRSPU (NPI) named after. M. I. Platova
Secondary vocational education
- Kamensk-Shakhtinsk Medical College
- Kamensk-Shakhtinsk Vocational School No. 46,
- Kamensk Pedagogical College
- Kamensky Chemical-Mechanical College.
- Likhov College railway transport- branch of RGUPS (located in the Likhovskaya microdistrict)
Secondary general education
- MBOU secondary school No. 1
- MBOU secondary school No. 2
- MBOU secondary school No. 3
- MBOU Lyceum No. 5
- MBOU secondary school No. 7
- MBOU secondary school No. 9
- MBOU secondary school No. 10
- MBOU secondary school No. 11
- MBOU gymnasium No. 12 named after Heroes Pioneers
- MBOU secondary school No. 14
- MBOU secondary school No. 8 (Zavodskoy microdistrict)
- MBOU secondary school No. 17 (Likhovskaya microdistrict)
- MBOU secondary school No. 18 (Likhovskaya microdistrict)
- MBOU secondary school No. 20 (Likhovskaya microdistrict)
Preschool education
kindergartens No. 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 21, 23, 27, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 40 are located in the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky; kindergartens No. 1, 25, 29, 37 are located in the Zavodskoy microdistrict , in the Likhovsky microdistrict, kindergartens No. 7, 15, 24, 26.
Additional education
- Center for the Development of Creativity for Children and Youth
- Station of young technicians
- Youth Station
- Children's Art School named after Ya. D. Minchenkov
- Children's music school
- Children's and youth sports school of the Olympic reserve.
- Children's and Youth Sports School of the Olympic Reserve No. 2
Medical institutions of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- MBUZ "Central City Hospital" in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (includes a hospital for 505 beds, an outpatient department for adults for 632 visits per shift, an outpatient department for children for 250 visits per shift, a perinatal center, a women's consultation, an emergency department).
- MBUZ "City Hospital No. 1" in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, the former medical unit of the Kamensky Chemical Combine (includes a hospital for 110 beds and an outpatient department for 206 visits per shift).
- MBUZ "City Polyclinic No. 1" in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (for 124 visits per shift with a day hospital for 10 places), located in the microdistrict. Factory.
- MBUZ "Dental Polyclinic" in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (for 450 visits per shift).
- Polyclinic No. 4 at the Likhaya station of the Road Clinical Hospital at the Rostov-Glavny station of Russian Railways (for 200 visits per shift, with a day hospital for 20 beds).
- Treatment-and-prophylactic medical center "Our clinic".
mass media
Newspapers:
- "Trud" is the oldest newspaper in the city, founded in September 1930.
- "Kamenskie vesti" - supplement to the newspaper "Trud".
- PIK is a weekly magazine published since January 1995.
- Dela is a newspaper of free ads.
Radio stations:
A television:
Sport
Swimming, gymnastics, martial arts, and cycling are developing in the city. The hockey team of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky is called "Kamensk" and plays in the "Amateur 40+" division of the Night Hockey League. She plays her matches on the court ice palace"Shakhtinets" in the city.
Football
Football in Kamensk was developed in the middle of the last century. The first team representing the Khimvolokno Production Association was P/Ya-25. Then she changed the names to Textile Worker, Chemist and Progress. In the national championship, "Progress" played under the names: "Progress" (1963-1970), FC "Kamensk" (1996-1997), SC "Progress" (2002-2014).
In 2009-2011, the city of Kamensk was also represented by the DPS football team in the championship of the Rostov region. She also played her home matches at the Progress stadium. The team has not played since 2012.
Religion
There are several Orthodox churches in the city, including the Church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God (2003), the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity (1998) and the Church of All Saints Who Resplendent in the Russian Land (2014).
City titles and awards
In 2001, the city was awarded the first place with a diploma of the 1st degree and a cash prize in the competition for the title of "The most comfortable city in Russia" for 2000 with a population of up to 100 thousand people.
In 2005, the honorary title "Glory of Kamensk" was established in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, which is annually awarded to veterans, production leaders, social workers - who have made a great personal contribution to the development of the city's economy and culture. Portraits of honorary Kamenchans are on the Board of Honor on Labor Square.
In 2009, the City Council established the medal "Honored Kamenchanin".
Data
Layer of duckweed on the Seversky Donets River
- In the winter of 1877-1878, the publicist and theorist of socialism G.V. Plekhanov stopped in the village of Kamenskaya. He wrote for the populist newspaper "Land and Freedom" two notes under the general title "Sanitsa Kamenskaya". Most of them were devoted to the unrest of the Cossacks in the nearby village of Luganskaya (now - a village 15 km from the city).
- In 1957-1958, film director Sergei Gerasimov and his film crew lived in Kamensk during the filming of the film Quiet Flows the Don (1958). Some episodes of the film were filmed in the city itself, some - in the nearby village of Bagaevskaya and the Dichensky farm.
- The city also hosted the filming of the feature films “It was, right?” (1973) (directed by F. S. Slidovker), "Male Talisman" (1995) (directed by B. S. Galkin) and some episodes of the film "The Fate of a Man" (1959) (directed by S. F. Bondarchuk).
- The main square of the city - Labor Square, during the time of the village of Kamenskaya bore the name nativity, by the name of the Church of the Nativity, erected in the village in 1885 and demolished in 1960. In 1912, the Russian aviator Sergei Utochkin, while making public flights in some Russian cities, visited the village of Kamenskaya, landing on the Nativity Square.
- The temple in the name of the Nativity of Christ was opened in 1886; it operated during the Great Patriotic War. In 1950 it was closed. The scene of a mass Cossack prayer service on the occasion of the outbreak of the 1914 war was filmed near the temple for the film “Quiet Flows the Don”. The church was demolished in 1960. Now this place is a memorial to the fallen soldiers. There is also a memorial cross about the destroyed temple.
- In 1914, on Novoselovskaya st. (later Petropavlovskaya, now - Shchadenko) the construction of the Temple of the Apostles Peter and Paul was started, which was erected under the domes, but due to the First World War, its construction was suspended. In 1921, the temple was destroyed, on this site a square and a square were formed, bearing the name of Shchadenko. Since September 2010, the square has been named after Platov. A new temple of the Intercession of the Virgin was built on a part of the square and a memorial cross was erected about the destroyed temple.
- Three residents of the city were participants in the Olympic torch relay of the 2014 Olympics: Uliana Donskova, Alexander Ponomarenko, Alexander Zyryanov.
- In June 2012, a Russian bike festival was held in Kamensk, where near the bike hotel on the track M4 A monument to the fallen bikers was unveiled.
- In 1994-1995 the city received refugees from Chechnya, in August 2008 from the zone of the Georgian-South Ossetian conflict. In June-August 2014, the railway and bus station of the city became an intermediate point for thousands of refugees from the Luhansk region who left their homes due to hostilities in eastern Ukraine.
- The city has four monuments to V.I. Lenin - on Labor Square, at the intersection of Lenin Street with Karl Marx Avenue, in the park. Mayakovsky and in the Zavodskoy microdistrict in front of the Palace of Culture of Mechanical Engineers:
- In 1953, a recreation center named after V.I. Gagarin, originally called the palace of culture of textile workers, and was a resting place for workers of the Khimvolokno production association. Its portico consists of 10 columns. On the sides there are risalits, on the front part of which bas-reliefs are made. Also to the left and right of the palace there are two separate outbuildings.
- In January 1943, during the liberation of the city from German troops, the T-34 tank, which was part of the 56th motorized rifle brigade of the 23rd tank corps, sank, trying to cross the Seversky Donets on ice in the narrowest part of the river (currently it is the city's embankment). The tank has not yet been raised from the bottom of the river.
- The T-34-76 medium tank is installed in the city as a monument on Labor Square. On June 26, 1989, this car was raised from the Seversky Donets River near the Dichensky farm, restored and on May 9, 1990, on the forty-fifth anniversary of the Victory, it was installed on a pedestal. Also on the square in the early 1970s, a two-seat light tank T-70 was installed. The monument is dedicated to the tankers who died in the battles for Kamensk in January 1943.
- During the Great Patriotic War, pilot Lieutenant Mikheev, Viktor Illarionovich, on December 25, 1942, near the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, made an air ram.
- The battles for the liberation of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky from German troops lasted exactly a month: the attack on the city began on January 14, 1943, the city was liberated on February 13. The battles for the city were fought by the soldiers of the 60th Guards Rifle Division of the 3rd Guards Army. Thanks to archival information, the names of the soldiers and commanders of the Red Army who died and went missing in the city of Kamensk and its environs have been established. This is more than 2500 people. 2326 soldiers are buried in the city itself, the names of only 372 soldiers are known. In just one day of battle on January 21, 77 soldiers and commanders of the 855th Infantry Regiment of the 60th Infantry Division were killed in the city area.
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Photo gallery
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- Four monuments to V. I. Lenin;
- Memorial Complex "To the Heroes of the Civil and Great Patriotic War"
- The stele at the "Bike Hotel" made of motorcycles was erected in honor of the dead bikers. Made in the form of a pole to which motorcycles are attached on all sides. In the upper part, the stele narrows and ends with one motorcycle. The height of the stele is about 10 meters. She stands on an octagonal steel plinth;
- Stele of traffic lights;
- Monument to the dead bikers at the Bike Hotel (2012). The line is engraved on it: "Whoever understands life, he is not in a hurry", echoing the four lines of the great Persian poet Omar Khayyam;
- Monument to military motorists - ZIS-5 car (1980);
- Bust in the park. Yu. A. Gagarina (2016);
- Monument on a mass grave in the old city cemetery (1957);
- The building of the branch of the Savings Bank of Russia (2009);
- Tank T-34-85 / T-34-76 on Labor Square (1990);
- Tank T-70 on Labor Square (1970);
- Memorial stone to the Don Cossacks - participants in the Patriotic War of 1812 (2012);
- Mega bike;
- Memorial stele to Pioneer Heroes (1967);
- Church of the Holy Trinity Life-Giving (1998);
- A memorial stele with a cart on the square of the ataman of the Don Cossack army M. I. Platov;
- Palace of Culture. Yu. A. Gagarin (1953);
- Monument to Ataman, Russian General Matvey Ivanovich Platov (2003);
- Church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God. The brick church was built in 1996-2003. It is a single-dome temple with an onion dome, a refectory and a bell tower;
- Old church building (now Sunday school, 1915);
- Cross on the site of the destroyed church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul;
- Cross on the site of the destroyed temple In the name of the Nativity of Christ. On the cross is written: “The church was built in 1886 at the expense of parishioners. The church had three altars. The main one - in the name of the Nativity of Christ, the left aisle - in the name of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the right aisle - in the name of the Meeting of the Lord. During the Great Patriotic War, divine services were held in it. The church was closed in 1950, destroyed in 1960."
- Kamensky Museum of Arts and Crafts and Folk Art;
- Kamensky Museum of Local Lore;
- Monument at the mass grave of the dead soldiers "Kneeling Warrior with a Banner" (1948, restored in 2009);
- Commemorative plates and the Star stele in Victory Park (2005);
- Monument to D. M. Karbyshev in military unit 45767.
Go to objects cultural heritage of regional importance in Kamensk-Shakhtinsk include:
- The building in which in May-June 1942 was the headquarters of the Southern Front, in 1945-1946 - the headquarters of the 5th Don Cossack Cavalry Corps;
- The building of the Donetsk district school, where the playwright K. Trenev studied;
- The house in which in 1918 the first military revolutionary committee on the Don was located, headed by F. Podtelkov and M. Krivoshlykov;
- The house where the headquarters of the XI Red Army was located in 1920;
- Obelisk to the heroes of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars;
- Steam locomotive of the Lebedyansky L-0002 series.
see also
- Donetsk District (Region of the Don Cossacks)
- Church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God (Kamenskaya)
- Church of the Nativity of Christ (Kamensk-Shakhtinsky)
- State protective forest belt Belaya Kalitva - Penza
- Kamensky crater
- 1038 km (platform)
- 1040 km (platform)
Literature
- Donetsk, A.M. Kamensk - Shakhtinsky: historical and local history essay / A.M. Donetsk, A.G. Loboda. - Rostov n / a: Book. ed - in, 1987. - 112 p.
- Donetsk, A.M. Kamensk - Shakhtinsky: historical and local history essay / A.M. Donetsk, R.I. Sivash. - Rostov n / a: Book. ed - in, 1976. - 127p.
- Loboda, A.G. All Kamensk: encyclopedia / A.G. Loboda. - Rostov n / D: Circuit, 2005. - 255 p.: ill.
- Loboda. A.G. Kamensk and Kamenchane: a reference book / A.G. Loboda. - Rostov n / a: Color printing, 1996. - 76 p.
- Shumov, V.V. Kamensk on the Donets Seversky / V.V. Shumov. - Rostov n / a: Book. ed - in, 1967. - 82 p.
- Rostov region. 70 years of creation. - Rostov n / a: Min - in the culture of the Rostov region, 2007. - 276 p.: Ill.
- Chebotarev, A.N. Kamensk - to the front: chronicle-documentary story / N.A. Chebotarev. - M.: Liberea, 1996.-168 p.: ill.
Notes
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). Retrieved July 31, 2017. Archived from the original on July 31, 2017.
- It is noteworthy that the pronunciation with the stress on the first syllable - Shakhtinsky is considered normative, however locals for the most part, in colloquial speech, the stress is traditionally placed on the second syllable - Shakhtinsky.
- Two-story building on the street. Arsenalnaya, 8
- Kamensk-Shakhtinsky - reference and information portal Archived October 4, 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (Russian). Rostov region. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
- Kamenets officers in the fight against the Bolsheviks Archived July 27, 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- Handbook "Liberation of cities: A guide to the liberation of cities during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945". M. L. Dudarenko, Yu. G. Perechnev, V. T. Eliseev et al. M.: Voenizdat, 1985. 598 p.
- Isaev A.V. From Dubno to Rostov. - M.: AST; Transitbook, 2004.
- Website of the Red Army
- People's encyclopedia "My city". Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- All-Union population census of 1959. The number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 28, 2013.
- All-Union population census of 1970 Number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex. (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 28, 2013.
- All-Union population census of 1979 Number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex. (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 28, 2013.
- National Economy of the USSR 1922-1982 (Anniversary Statistical Yearbook)
- National economy of the USSR for 70 years: anniversary statistical yearbook: [arch. June 28, 2016] / USSR State Committee on Statistics. - Moscow: Finance and statistics, 1987. - 766 p.
- All-Union population census of 1989. Urban population. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011.
- All-Russian population census 2002. Volume. 1, table 4. The population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - district centers and rural settlements with a population of 3 thousand or more. Archived from the original on February 3, 2012.
- The number of permanent population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban-type settlements and districts as of January 1, 2009. Retrieved January 2, 2014. Archived from the original on January 2, 2014.
- Results of the 2010 All-Russian population census. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population of the Rostov region
- Rostov region. Population estimate as of January 1, 2009-2015
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities. Table 35. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2012. Retrieved May 31, 2014. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M.: Federal State Statistics Service Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements). Retrieved November 16, 2013. Archived from the original on November 16, 2013.
- Table 33. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2014. Retrieved August 2, 2014. Archived from the original on August 2, 2014.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2015. Archived from the original on August 6, 2015.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- taking into account the cities of Crimea
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018. Table “21. Population of cities and towns by federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2018” (RAR-archive (1.0 Mb)). Federal State Statistics Service.
- Home - Administration of the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (English). kamensk.donland.ru Retrieved 28 July 2017.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017, Table No. 36
- Law of the Rostov region dated December 27, 2004 No. 236-ZS "On the establishment of the border and granting the status of an urban district to the municipality "City of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky""
- Who's who in the Southern Federal District
- Cite error: Invalid tag ; no text specified for autogenerated1 footnotes
- City coat of arms
- City flag
- Flag of the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- Kamensky weekly "Peak" No. 15 (1175) of April 12, 2017
- Daria
- Branch "RTRS" - Rostov ORTPC
- Information about the structural divisions of MBUK CBS
- Territorial fund of obligatory medical insurance of the Rostov region (Russian). rostov-tfoms.ru. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- our clinic Kamensk-Shakhtinsky official website (English) . our clinic Kamensk-Shakhtinsky official website. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- Administration of the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- Kamenskaya NHL team needs players
- "DPS"
- On the results of the All-Russian competition for the title "The most comfortable city in Russia" for 2000.
- Honorary title "Glory of Kamensk" (unavailable link)
- How "Quiet Don" was filmed Archived February 15, 2008.
- Kamensky weekly "PIK", No. 35 (882).
- Three athletes and one firefighter from Kamensk-Shakhtinsky took part in the Olympic torch relay on January 21-22.
- In Kamensk opened a monument to the dead bikers
- Refugee children will study in schools in the Rostov region
- Kamensky weekly "PIK", No. 4 (799).
- Mikheev Viktor Illarionovich
- Mikheev Viktor Illarionovich
- Kamensky weekly "PIK", No. 6 (801).
- Sights of the city Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- Lists of Cultural Heritage Sites Archived October 11, 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Links
- Municipal formation of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- History and culture of the Rostov region - Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- Kamensk-Shakhtinsky in the encyclopedia "My City"
- Postcodes and city streets
Tank T-34-85 / T-34-76 on Labor Square
Tank T-70 on Labor Square
Monument to D. M. Karbyshev in military unit 45767
Bust of Ataman M. I. Platov
Memorial stele to Pioneer Heroes
Former, temporary building of the temple (now - Sunday school)
Memorial stele with a cart on Platov Square
City administration building
The building of the branch of Sberbank of Russia
"Bike Hotel"
I lived and worked in the city of Kamensk since 1966, first as a temporary worker at the Likhaya station, they built snow fences along the railway lines, starting from Kamensk and ending with Izvarin (Ukraine). Then, since 1967, my labor activity was associated with the x / c "Russia", where I began to work, starting with the position of a student of mechanical assembly work for the manufacture of non-standard equipment at the mechanical repair plant (RMZ), and in 1968 he left to serve in the ranks Soviet army. The service took place from 1968, after graduating from the 108 aviation mechanics school for aviation armament, located in the city of Mogilev-Podolsky, Vinnitsa region (Ukraine), until 1970 as part of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSVG). After the service, he worked at the RMZ as a locksmith of the 4th category and from there he was sent to study at the preparatory department of the Kazan Chemical-Technological Institute. CM. Kirov. After graduating from the institute, he returned to work at the Rossiya c/t, where he worked as a foreman at the RMZ and as a head of a section in the production of polymers until May 1980. I always remember with warmth about Kamensk, I was proud that I lived in this city and worked for the "Rossiya" ice hockey company, where I acquired the basic practical knowledge and skills that were useful to me in my future work. Chief Sigida I.G. - it was he who had a heart-to-heart talk with me when I was sent to work as an apprentice turner at the RMZ, he asked who I want to work with, - he answered: a locksmith. I called the head of the machine shop, V.N. Ternovy, if he had a place for an apprentice locksmith. I got to work in a team of mechanics Kurilekh T.I., where I was very well received. The workers of the highest class worked, whom I called professors of their field - these are Kurilekh T.I., Stepanishchev V.A., Trembach V.I., Rudoy L., Gaiduk V.A. Shelestyukov I.I., Surzhenko P.I., Khanin N.I., Akimov V., etc. He worked for one year at the State Testing Center for Burner Devices of NPO Soyuzpromgaz. And since June 1981, my destiny has been connected with the protection of pipelines and their connections from corrosion in the oil and gas industry. He worked for 7 years at the TatNIPIneft Institute, and in 1988 he organized Engineering and Production Center LLC, which successfully competes with leading Western companies in its field, developments are protected by about 150 patents of the Russian Federation for inventions and utility models. I am sorry that everything was destroyed in the 1990s and, in particular, you will not be able to return what is connected with the transfer of knowledge and experience to young workers, to that generation of workers of the highest class who are no longer among us. I think that Kamensk will revive and prosper. The policy in the state should change towards industrial and agricultural production. With great respect to the residents of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, Honored Inventor of the Russian Federation V.M. Aiduganov