10 interesting facts about peru. Peru - interesting facts about the country

Peru this is a country where a travel lover should definitely visit if the opportunity arises. And it's worth it for the following reasons:

1 ) IN Southern Peru the largest concentration of huge and dizzying canyons on the ground, and Kolkinsky the canyon was brought into Guinness Book of Records as the deepest in the world. Kolkinsky canyon for a whole kilometer deeper than the Great American is the distance from the surface of the river to mountain peaks reaches 3 kilometers 400 meters.

2 ) There you can also see the largest winged predator in the world - the Andean condor, whose wingspan exceeds 3 meters, and the weight can exceed 11 kilograms. Interestingly, Andean condors can even see the body of a fallen animal on the ground from a height of 7,000 m.

3 ) In Peru, along with Bolivia, there is the largest alpine and navigable lake in the world Titicaca located at an altitude of 3812 m.

4 ) A city high in the mountains Machu Picchu is the most visited attraction in Latin America. Thisthe most famous and most mysterious monument Inca culture, locatedat an altitude of 2.5 thousand meters above sea level, more than half a million tourists visit every year. And he's worth it.

5 ) Reserve Manu is the largest protected area in Peru and one of the largest in the world. In terms of biological richness and diversity, no reserve in the world can compare with Manu, since most of its inhabitants are endemic biological species, that is, those that are found only here. In 1977, UNESCO declared Manu a zone reserve stock of the biosphere And natural heritage humanity. Manu also live in territory aboriginal archaic tribes that do not maintain contact with the civilized world. At least on my own initiative.

6 ) And of course they are famous Nazca desert drawings(or Nazca Lines, or Nazca Geoglyphs), which you can see with your own eyes by taking a bus to the town of Nazca (Nazca) and buying a ticket for a special tower, or ordering a small special excursion airplane.

7 ) Well, one more, bonus, reason to visit Peru: in 2007, the El Circuito Mágico del Agua fountain complex was opened in Lima, which at that time was the largest in the world, for which it was listed in the Guinness Book of Records. It is truly an impressive and beautiful sight.

And this was filmed with his "soap box" back in the same 2007.

And further 8 interesting facts about Peru:

1 ) Peru is found not only seals but even penguins. These are the Humboldt penguins, a species found only on the rocky ocean coasts of Peru and Chile and offshore islands.

2 ) The Peruvian coat of arms, among other things, depicts cinchona. The point is that the medicine quinine obtained from it is excellent remedy for malaria, the fever that mowed down the Europeans who mastered new worlds. But the only people who knew the secret of healing were the conquered Incas.

3 ) Cultivation of the coca bush and consumption of its leaves is legal in Peru (as in other Latin American countries). A tonic tea is made from coca leaves and simply chewed. However, coca is not cocaine. In fact, the use of its leaves in Latin America has such ancient roots that coca cannot be found in the wild. Its leaves are used as a tonic by truck and bus drivers during night journeys, students, Indians carrying loads across mountain roads, etc. To do this, the leaves are simply placed between the teeth. But, as already mentioned, coca leaves are not banned here, since in order to achieve the effect of one dose of a known drug, it is necessary to chew about one bag of coca leaves. And this is physically impossible.

4 ) in Peru, in Cajamarcathe famous mystic writer was bornCarlos Castaneda .

5 ) Famous illustrator Boris Vallejo(Boris Vallejo) was born and raised in Peru, in Lima. However, he gained fame in America, where he emigrated in his youth, feeling self-confident as an artist.

6 ) The most famous style artist pin-upAlberto Vargas(Alberto Vargas) is also from Peru. He also emigrated to America, where he later gained fame. By the way, his work was so popular that there was such a term as "Vargas girls", and in the 40s many military aircraft adorned his "girls".

7 ) When you look on the map, then Peru looks relatively small in size, especially compared to Brazil.

However, in territory of Peru can fit 4 Italy with tail, or all Spain together with Portugal + France + Greece and a little more space left, or 11 Bulgaria.

8 ) And, finally, a completely amazing fact: neither The Incas, they didn’t know culture before them no wheel, no writing, no even gland(! ). And yet somehow managed to build a fairly developed civilization, although lagging far behind Europe and Asia.

True, there are great doubts that all these great structures really builtThe Incas.

Are you a traveller?

1. In South America, there is one of the most mysterious countries - this is Peru.

Official name country - Republic of Peru. This mysterious country is famous for its historical events, many of which have not been solved to this day. Peru borders Ecuador to the northwest, Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, and Bolivia and Chile to the southeast. In the west it is washed by the Pacific Ocean.

2. Peru is the third largest country in the South American continent after Brazil and Argentina. This country ranks 19th in the twenty largest countries in the world.

3. The first people appeared in the territory now called the country of Peru, 10 thousand years before our era. For a long time the country was Spanish colony. Peru gained its independence in 1821. This happened after the independence of other Latin American countries.

4. In the XII century, the Incas appeared on the territory of modern Peru, who founded a state called Tahuantinsuyu. Over the five centuries of its existence, it has grown to the largest empire that existed on the continent before its discovery by Christopher Columbus.

5. The state of Peru has a huge number of various historical and natural attractions. Some of them are listed in the Guinness Book of Records, others are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Ancient Inca City of Machu Picchu

6. The main attraction of Peru is Machu Picchu - this ancient city Incas, founded several hundred thousand years ago. He is in excellent condition, time is not subject to him. This amazing ancient monument is officially recognized as a wonder of the world. All the townspeople suddenly disappeared in 1532, and scientists still do not know what could have happened to them.

7. The city of Cusco was considered the most important in the Inca Empire, buildings have been preserved in it ancient civilization(Sacsayhuaman, Coricancha, Puca Pucara and many others), which are in good harmony with medieval colonial architecture. The whole city is world heritage UNESCO.

8. The culture of the Peruvians is in many ways similar to the culture of the Spaniards, but they adopted the cuisine from the Incas.

9. The population of the country lives in poverty, but other, more developed countries can envy its level of literacy. The country achieved high rates because it made primary and secondary education free.

10. Peru - amazing country, in which the traditions of the Indians have survived to this day, despite the former onslaught of the Spanish conquistadors. Two cultures, native and European, mixed up, eventually forming a cocktail that is amazing in its brightness and originality. But local traditions and beliefs are still strong here, which makes Peru extremely interesting country for any tourist.

Cotahuasi Canyon (Cotahuasi)

11. The deepest canyon in the world is Cotahuasi (Cotahuasi), which is located in the Arequipa region. Its depth is 3535 meters - twice as deep as the famous grand canyon in the USA (1600 meters).

12. National holiday Coyur Riti is celebrated in Peru in late May - early July. The essence of the holiday is to bring a piece of snow from the Ausangate glacier to the Temple, which is located at its foot. This offering is considered to bring good luck and heal diseases.

13. The electoral system in Peru is strict and mandatory. Those over the age of eighteen may not be issued a passport or denied many government services if they do not vote.

14. In the XIX century, the territory of Peru was divided into two parts - Peru proper and Bolivia.

15. Almost 90 different ecosystems coexist on the territory of Peru, thanks to which the country is famous for its rich populations of plants and animals.

wild growing orchids

16. Peru has 1,625 different types of orchids, of which 425 varieties grow in their natural environment near legendary city Machu Picchu.

17. In one of the hotels in Peru, the Inkaterra Hotel, there is the largest private collection in Latin America. It has about five hundred varieties of orchids.

18. Peru is widely known for its tropical forests, which cover almost two-thirds of the country.

19. Thanks to Peru, the planet learned about crops such as tomato, potato and avocado.

20. The Peruvians were the first in the world to tame the wild animal llama and domesticate it over 3,000 years ago.

Vodka fountain in Lima

21. In the city of Lima, the capital of Peru, rich in attractions, there is an unusual fountain, instead of water, vodka flows from it. During its existence, tourists drank more than two thousand liters of "fire water". Even Russia cannot boast of this.

22. Peru is a corn country; about 55 species of this plant grow on its territory. Fruit grains can be not only yellow, but also black, purple or white.

23. Peruvians managed to breed over 3 thousand types of potatoes.

24. Experts believe that the best cotton in the world is grown in Peru.

25. Peru ranks first in the world in the export of asparagus.

University of San Marcos in Peru

26. The country of Peru is famous for the oldest university in America - San Marcos. It was built back in 1551.

27. The capital of Peru was founded by the Spaniard Francisco Pizarro, who destroyed the Inca empire by executing their leader. Lima's birthday celebrations take place in January and last for a whole week.

28. To this day, a woman, Lina, lives in Peru, who in 1939, at the age of five, gave birth to a boy by caesarean section. This is the first case of early birth in the history of medicine.

29. In Chincha in southern Peru, the local population can easily afford to eat a cat.

30. Peruvians can often twist their fingers to their temples during a conversation. Do not think that they want to offend you - no, this means that the interlocutor just thought about the situation.

Desert Nazca.

31. Mysterious is the Nazca desert. Throughout its territory there is a pattern similar to runways unexplored aircraft. Although who knows, maybe the ancient tribes did it. But the drawing is very clear and has no geometric errors.

32. In the Sechura desert, tourists climb the world's highest sand dune - its height from base to top is almost 1.2 kilometers.

33. In national park Huascarán has about twenty-seven snow-capped peaks that are over 6,000 meters above sea level.

34. Peru boasts a bridge that is made of grass. Created by residents southern province Kanas to connect several villages. And every year in mid-June, all the residents of the connected villages hold a bridge renewal ceremony. This is the only suspension bridge left from Inca times.

35. Only in Peru can you try a drink made from a live frog. The recipe is simple: frog, honey, bean stew, aloe juice and poppy root are mixed in a blender. Very vile and disgusting, but this drink cures asthma and bronchitis, improves masculinity.

City of La Rinconada in Peru

36. La Rinconada is the highest city in the world. It is located at an altitude of 5000 meters above the sea. Gold miners live here, and the work is official, but they do not receive a salary. Each worker is allowed to take as much ore as they carry away at the end of the month, but not the fact that it will contain gold.

37. Peru ranks sixth in the world in gold production.

38. Museums in Peru are famous for their amazing exhibits, including special attention deserve unusual stones of black color. They are unusual because they have certain patterns on their surface. There you can see dinosaur hunting, people sitting on huge birds, and astronomers watching the stars with interest.

39. Russians do not need a visa to travel to Peru - you can spend up to 90 days in the country without issuing any documents other than a passport.

40. In Peru, on June 28, Ceviche Day is celebrated at the state level - this is a national dish of raw fish marinated in lime juice and seafood. In 2013, a monument to this gourmet food was unveiled in Lima.

Marcahuasi Plateau

41. The Marcahuasi plateau, which is located 80 kilometers from Lima, is very interesting. There are huge stone sculptures of animals that are not currently found in all of South America - elephants, turtles, camels.

42. Peru has at least one strong earthquake every year.

43. Cooking in Peru a traditional dish from Cuy guinea pigs. There are entire farms breeding this animal, and there are a huge number of ways to cook it.

44. Under New Year In Peru, there is a tradition of giving yellow underpants to friends and relatives as a holiday gift. This color is believed to bring good luck.

45. The country ranks second after India in terms of the existence of powerful shamans in it. Here they are treated with respect and awe and are often asked for help.

Lima is the capital of Peru

46. Lima is a city with an unusual climate. Its distinguishing feature is high humidity combined with an almost complete absence of rain.

47. In Lima, you can try almost all the cuisines of the world, for which the city has earned the title of culinary capital.

48. The national cuisine of Peru, due to its diversity, is included in the Guinness Book of Records.

49. Not so long ago it became known that in Peru, in the depths of the Amazon jungle, there lives a real tribe of Indians who have no idea of civilization at all. And the government decided to protect them from the harmful influence from the outside, carefully hiding their location.

50. In the Peruvian mountains, Lake Titicaca is located, which is considered the most alpine lake on Earth suitable for navigation. This body of water is also the largest in South America.

Every person, even remotely, heard about the incomprehensible and amazing ancient civilization of the Incas, about the mysterious Nazca plateau , where it is not known by whom and for what gigantic figures were created, which can only be seen from a bird's eye view. Surely, many have heard of unexplored, full of secrets Amazonian jungle , about the marvelous relict lake Titicaca and captivating chocolate-coloured creoles. This is all - the extraordinary country of Peru.

In the twenty largest countries in the world, Peru ranks 19th.
There is a vodka fountain in Lima (there is no such thing even in Russia)
San Marcos, the oldest university in America (founded in 1551), is located here.
The world learned about the cultures familiar today, such as potatoes, tomatoes and avocados, thanks to Peru.
Twist your finger at your temple - this gesture local resident means that he thinks, not that you are crazy.
To this day, Lina lives in this country - a woman who at the age of five in 1939 gave birth to a boy (by caesarean section) - the first case of such an early birth in the history of medicine.
The Peruvians were the very first on the planet to tame and domesticate the wild llama.
Machu Picchu, the ancient city of the Incas, built many thousands of years ago, but to this day is in excellent condition, timeless.
National cuisine has more than 500 dishes, it is included in the Guinness Book of Records.
The origin of the unique giant drawings of the mysterious Nazca desert remains unsolved to this day.
In many local museums, amazing black stones are exhibited, which depict interesting drawings: hunting for dinosaurs, people flying on big birds, a person watching the starry sky, and much more.
Only here there is a unique suspension bridge, woven by the inhabitants of the southern province of Kanas from grass. This bridge has been left since the Inca era, it connects several villages. Every year, in mid-June, a bridge renewal ceremony is held by the inhabitants of these villages.
The frog drink can only be tasted here. The recipe is very simple: live frog, aloe juice, poppy root, honey and bean soup are mixed in a blender. The taste is vile, but they say that this drink can cure asthma, bronchitis and increase male strength.
At an altitude of 5 thousand meters above the sea is the most high city in the world - La Rinconada. Gold miners live here, officially working, but not receiving a salary. At the end of the month, each worker is allowed to take as much ore as he can carry, although there may not be any gold in it at all.
In June, the country celebrates the traditional Koyur Riti holiday, the essence of which is to bring a piece of snow from the Ausangate glacier to the Temple located at its foot. It is believed that such an offering brings good luck and healing from diseases.
In the depths of the Peruvian Amazon, a tribe of indigenous Indians was discovered, which is unaware of modern civilization. The location of the tribe is carefully hidden by the government and scientists so as not to disturb its way of life.

1. Drivers in Peru are very impatient! They honk non-stop, even if forced to stop for three seconds. Now imagine what traffic jams look like in Lima...

2. Peruvian buses have a special hostess. He invites all those passing on the bus, even if the passers-by are moving in opposite side. He shouts, announcing the route of the bus, helps passengers with heavy bags, collects money for fares, and generally behaves like an owner on the bus.

3. The only countries in Europe where Peruvians can enter without a visa are Turkey and Russia.

4. Lima is very big and small notable city. Tourists get there in most cases due to the fact that Cusco does not yet have an airport. Peru has many interesting places, but Lima is not included in this number. Therefore, locals think that when an airport is opened in Cusco, there will be no tourists left in Lima ...

5. The two main dishes of Peru are ceviche (fresh fish marinated in lime juice) and cuy (fried guinea pig).

6. In Peru, absolutely any dish is served with rice. Rice is an integral part of the plate and is present in food a priori. Ordering anything without rice is unrealistic. Even if you ask for food without rice, rice is still brought to you. The locals cannot explain this fact, they just love rice. Most often you will have a plate: a bunch of rice, some potatoes, some lentils, salad and meat.

7. By the way, about rice. If you do not eat rice in Peru, then the likelihood of intestinal upset is very high. I had it all 1.5 months. Rice promotes good digestion in conditions of unusual nutrition, so we do not recommend giving it up, although eating it every day is not a test for the faint of heart.

8. It is believed that Peru is a country with a very high level of service. This is especially true for expensive hotels and restaurants. Some people claim that they have not seen such a service anywhere else!

9. A few years ago, the cuisine of Peru was among the top three most exquisite and delicious cuisines in the world!

10. Peruvians are very nice, but a little arrogant people. They can stare at you and are not ashamed, they can talk on the street, and if you walk along the street with restaurants, you will be dragged there in all conceivable and inconceivable ways.

11. There are a lot of ancient cities and ruins in Peru, but most often people visit only Machu Picchu.

12. Some areas of Lima are very dangerous, and tourists are strongly advised not to go there. The joke is that favorable areas border on criminal ones, and sometimes this border comes unexpectedly. Just now you were walking along beautiful and well-groomed houses, and around the corner there were already shabby walls, lying people and dirt.

13. Peru is relatively cheap. You can eat lunch - it is called Menu here - consisting of soup, a main course and a drink, for an average of 90 rubles (5-6 soles). At the same time, the portions are gigantic and you can take such a dinner for two. Eating at the markets is the cheapest.

14. Chinese restaurants are wildly popular in Peru. It's hard to believe, but there are more of them here than in Russia sushi! And this is not just Chinatown (which is also in Lima), but kilometer-long streets, where every house is a Chinese restaurant. And literally every second street of any city in Peru is exactly like that! Real Chinese people work there.

15. In Peru, there is a strange feature for us in terms of food. Every day in all cafes, restaurants, canteens serve the same menu! Those. you can go around ten cafes and everywhere there will be the same set of dishes. At the same time, the cuisine of Peru is included in the Guinness Book of Records as the most diverse (more than 500 dishes)! 0.o

16. Peruvians are very enterprising. They quickly figure out where and how to make money.

17. Sellers of goods usually sit next to each other. Suppose there is a street where they sell fruit juice. When you enter this street, 10 vendors immediately jump on you and shout at your face: “Juice, juice, fruit juice, come to me, fruit juice!” At the same time, the assortment and prices for all ten are the same. How do you decide who to buy from if they all look at you and invite you to their place?

18. Three in Peru official languages: Spanish, Quechua and Aymara. And east of the Andes, in the Amazonian jungle region, another 13 different languages are spoken.

19. The two main national drinks of Peru are Chicha (corn compote, sometimes low-alcohol, like kvass) and Pisco Sour (a cocktail of Pisco brandy, limes and egg white).

20. During the celebration of the Independence Day of Peru in Lima, the first fountain from Pisco was opened. During his work, citizens drank about 2,000 liters of a 45-degree drink. You can look at this fountain on the main square of the capital.

21. Peru has the oldest institution of higher education in Latin America. The University of San Marcos was founded in 1551.

22. Thanks to Peru, the planet has learned about crops such as tomato, potato and avocado. At the same time, today potatoes are more popular in Europe, because. Rice is preferred in Peru.

23. Peru has the second largest number of shamans in the world, second only to India.

24. They say that in Peru, in the depths of the Amazon, a tribe of Indians was found that does not know about civilization. The government and scientists carefully hide their location so as not to interfere with their lives.

25. In Peru, the influence of Indian culture is felt everywhere. Most hotels and hostels have names in the Quechua language, and Native American ornaments are often found in advertising.

26. By the way, the Indians were still those perverts. In the museums of Peru, you can see entire halls with ceramic art of the Indians: jugs in the form of women giving birth, plates in the form of copulating women and dogs, urns and vases in the form of masturbating men, and this is just the beginning.

27. The famous esoteric writer Carlos Castaneda was born in Peru, in the city of Cajamarca. True, according to another version, he was born in Brazil. It is not known for sure.

28. The most famous pin-up artist Alberto Vargas is also from Peru. He, like Castaneda, emigrated to America, where he later became famous. His work was so popular that the term "vargas girls" appeared, and in the 40s many military aircraft adorned his "girls".

29. Two thirds of Peru are covered with tropical forests.

30. In Peru, there is a tradition of giving friends and family members yellow underpants on New Year's Eve. And in general, dressing in all yellow is the color of good luck.

31. Peru's most popular lemonade is Inca Cola. Coca-Cola also produces it, but the Peruvians have elevated it almost to the rank of a national drink. They drink it everywhere and always, both locals and tourists. By the way, it tastes like Mountain Dew.

32. Motorcycle taxis are popular in small towns in Peru. The cost of the trip is 2-3 soles (35 rubles).

33. In intercity buses Peru always shows films, most often very loudly and most often in Spanish. Another way to learn Spanish.

34. More than 55 types of corn are grown in Peru: yellow, purple, white and black. Cobs of white corn with huge grains are often sold on the streets and on buses, usually with a piece of cheese added to it. By the way, Peru has many unique varieties of cheese.

35. Participation in elections in Peru is mandatory. If, upon reaching the age of 18, a person has not voted, he is not issued a passport. Also, in most cases, after the election, a citizen is denied access to public services.

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The amazing and incredibly interesting Latin American country of Peru is a real treasure trove of history, everyone agrees with this fact. Ancient civilizations, in particular, the Incas, left their rich heritage in this mountainous region. The modern Republic of Peru is one of the least wealthy states in the region, but at the same time one of the most beautiful. Yes, it is not very safe here, but the beauty, according to many tourists, is worth the risk.

Facts about Peru

The percentage of the Indian population in this country is higher than in almost all other countries of South and Central America.
Drinks infused with coca leaves are popular in Peru, as they are considered cultural heritage Peruvians. For obvious reasons, they cannot be taken out of the country.
In the country's capital, Lima, military personnel in armored cars guard all the major streets at night to contain rampant crime.
From all countries South America Peru is second in size only to Argentina and Brazil ().
It is from Peru that such common plants around the world as potatoes and tomatoes originate.
Located in Peru, Marcos University, founded in 1551, is the oldest in the New World, that is, in both Americas.
Once the territory of Peru was larger, during the era of Spanish rule. After the expulsion of the colonialists, the famous revolutionary Simon Bolivar divided it into, in fact, Peru and Bolivia. True, immediately after this, a military conflict began between these two states, which lasted about 20 years.
Many buildings erected in these parts by the Incas have survived to this day. Unfortunately, the conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro destroyed all the ancient Inca temples, erecting their own Catholic ones in their place.
In the 19th century, the Republic of Peru, together with Chile, Bolivia and Ecuador, successfully opposed Spain in the war ().
The gesture “twist a finger at the temple” among Peruvians does not mean a hint of madness at the interlocutor, but only that the person is thinking.
It was in Peru that such an animal as the llama was tamed and domesticated.
The most famous landmark in Peru is Machu Picchu, remarkably well preserved to this day. stone city Incas.
Peruvian drivers begin to put pressure on the horn, if anyone in front of them hesitates even for a second. In traffic jams there is always a terrible cacophony of tens and hundreds of car signals.
Citizens of Peru have the right to visit Russia without a visa. Russians in this exotic country You don't need a visa either.
As in almost all of Latin America, with the exception of Paraguay, Spanish is the native language for the majority of the local population ().
Traditional Peruvian cuisine is listed in the Guinness Book of Records because it has more dishes than any other - more than 500.
The most popular tourist city in Peru is Cusco. It would have been visited by more people than Lima, but international flights still fly to the capital.
The most popular Peruvian dish is ceviche, raw fish marinated in lime juice. And the most common local side dish is rice.
At night, all areas of Lima, the Peruvian capital, are quite dangerous, except for the guarded center. There are some areas where you should not go during the day.
Voter turnout in Peru is mandatory. Those who do not vote risk losing public services to the population.
Located in Peru, the Cotahuasi Canyon is the deepest canyon in the world, as much as 3,500 meters. This is almost twice as large as the Grand Canyon in the USA ().
The Peruvian city of La Rinconada, lying at an altitude of more than 5 km above sea level, is the highest city in the world.
In the countryside of Peru, shamans are still honored and respected to this day.
Deep in the wilds of Peru, a primitive tribe still lives. Its visit is prohibited, and its habitat is hidden from the general public.
There are almost more restaurants and cafes with Chinese cuisine in any Peruvian city than with national cuisine.
In total, as many as 16 languages \u200b\u200bare spoken in Peru, but only three of them are official - Aymara, Spanish and Quechua.
Lake Titicaca is located in Peru, the highest mountain in the world and at the same time the largest in South America.
This country ranks first in the world in the production and export of asparagus.
Peruvians associate yellow with good luck, so on New Year's Eve they dress up in all yellow.
The most popular Peruvian drink is called chicha. It is made from corn, and tastes vaguely like fermented kvass with a little alcohol.
According to statistics, only in India there are more shamans than in Peru ().
Peru - Mountain country, but almost two-thirds of its territory is covered with forests, in many places fused into impassable jungle.
As in Asian countries, tuk-tuks, covered motorcycle taxis are popular here.
Corn in Peru is incredibly common, they eat it, they make drinks from it. In total, more than 50 of its varieties are cultivated in this country.
According to archaeological finds, people lived on the territory of the modern Republic of Peru as early as 12,000 years ago.
Unfortunately, earthquakes are not uncommon here. On average, one of them every year is very destructive.
Despite the high humidity, it rains extremely rarely in Lima, Peru.
Some Peruvian national dishes are made from guinea pigs.
There are over 1600 species of orchids growing in Peru.
The highest quality cotton in the world comes from Peru.